Drug Doses
LL __ f>,J:(iQ _ QQ5E) n nronqE;____[Q[}_gj';L ____
Dru~ Term 3.5kg 0.23 m2 12% 95-145 40-60 i lnfu~ 3mo 6.0kg 0.31 m' 15% 110-175 45-75
Hae16mo 7.5kg 0.38 m' 20% 110-175 50-90
lyr 10 kg 0.47 rn2 25% 105-170 50-100 Cyto3yr 14 kg 0.61 m' 33% 80-140 50 100 Alve7yr 22 kg 0.86 rn' 50% 70 120 60-90 MusIOyr 30 kg 1.10m2 60% 60-110 60 90 Pacr12yr 38 kg I .30 rn' 75% 60-100 65-95 Intra14yr 50 kg I .50 rn2 80% 60100 65-95 Hae21yr 60 kg 1.65 m2 100% 65 II !i 65-105
Flui<?lyr 70 kg I .SO m2 100% 65115 70-110
DialAge< 9 yr: wt (k(J) opprox (2 x oge) + 9 VenAge> 9 yr: wt (kg) opprox 3 x oge lrn1rSurf oreo m' sq rt (Ht ern x Wt kg I 3600) Anti Er]d_Q)LQQ)QQI_t\!Q.'L __ Nonlnt Ext At At OmWt dia dio lip nose Sucker Res6illLJ5g mrn ____ mJn~---~-r::o ___ ern ___ jG ----- Pll<Jllirth <0.7 2.0 2.9 6 6.5 6
Birth <I 2.5 t 3.6 6.5 7 6
Birth LO 3.0 t 4.3 7 7.5 7
Birth 2.0 3.0 t 4.3 8 9 7
Birth 3.0 3.0 t 0 9 10.5 7 ACBirth 3.5 3.5 t 4.9 10 II 8
3mo 6.0 3.5 4.9 II 12 8
I yr 10 4.0 5.6 13 14 8 In·2 yr 12 4.5 6.2 14 15 8 wo 3 yr 14 4.5 6.2 14.5 16 8 drL4 yr 16 5.0 6.9 15 17 10
6 yr 20 5.5 1.5 16 19 10 us~8 yr 24 6.0 8.2 17 20 10 Ho10 yr 30 6.5 8.9 18 21 12 reE12 yr :JB 7.0 9.5 19 22 12 inc14 yr 50 7.!:! 10.2 20 23 12
Adult 60 8.0 10.8 21 24 12 ~JU Adult 70 9.0 12.1 21 25 12 by -------------- - - ---------
., l:Xternal diarneter of Mallinckrodt tubes Hei Cll: <I kg 2.5rnm. I-J.5kg 3.0mrn, JoEn: >2yr sim (rmn) ~ 4 + lenqth an<?yr: 8 + wt/2 ot lip, 9 -r at nose
>2yr: 13 + oqo/7 ot lip, IS -r- oge/2 ot nose
CONTENTS
; Drug doses . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. . 1 1 Infusion rates table .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . 61
Haemofiltration, plasmafiltration, ECMO ...... 110
Cytochrome r.)45Q .. CYP3A effects .. .. .. ..... . 111
Alveolar-arterial Oz diff, MAF', 01, VI .......... 113
Muscle relaxants .. ........... .... 113
Pacemaker codes ........... .. ....................... 113
Intravenous catheters .................................. 113
Haemalology .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 113
Fluid and electrolytes ......... .................. 114
Dialysis...... . ................................. 114
Ventilation .. ... . ... 114
Immunisation schedule ................................ 115
Antibiotic guidelines ...................................... 115
Normal values: blood, sweat, urine, CSF ...... 117
Drug infusion compatibility table .. .. .. 1 '19
Resuscitation table . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. .. .. . . 121
F'l1arrnacol<inetic formulae .. ........ ..... ..... 123
In '1983, Alan Duncan suggested that it
would be a good idea to publish the list of
drug doses that I had compiled for my own
use in intensive care at the Royal Children's
Hospital in Melbourne. Alan wrote the
resuscitation table and suggested the
inclusion of normal values. The antibiotic
~Juidelines were adapted from notes written
by Mike South. Stephanie Brumby, Hob
Henning, Mike Clifford, Trevor Duke,
Johnny Millar, Jim Tibballs, Wmwicl< Butt,
and many others havG also helpGd.
DRUGS ARE LISTED BY GENERIC NAME
1/1 00=1 °/o"10mg/ml, 1/1 000oc1 rng/rnl, 111 oooo~o.1 mg/rnl
Abacavir (ABC). 8mg/kg (adult 300rng) 12H oral.
Abacavir 600mg + dolulegravir 50mg + lamivudine 300mg.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Abacavir 600mg + lamivudine 300mg. >16yr: 1 tab daily.
Abaca vir 300mg + lamivudine 150mg + z.idovudine 300m g.
>40kg: 1 tab 12H oral.
Abarelix. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 vial (delivers 1 OOrng) IM on days 1.
15 and 29, and then every 28 days.
Abalacept. NOT/kg: 500rng (40-601<g) 750mg (60-'100 kg) 1g
(>100kg) IV over 30rnin day 1, 2wk, 4wk, then every 4wl<.
Abciximab. 0.25rng/kg IV stat 1 Ornin beforo angioplasly, tl1on
0.2rncg/kg/rnin (max 10rncg/rnin) IV for 12hr.
1\biraterone. Adult, NOT/kg: 1g daily+ prednisolone 5rn!J 12H
oral. Monitor hepatic enzymes.
Acamprosate. Adult, NOT/k(J. <601<[): 666rng mane, 333rng
noon and nocte oral. >601<g: 666mg BH.
Acarbose. 1-4mg/l<g (adult 50·200rng) 8H ornl.
Acebutolol. 4~8rng/kg (adult 200-400mg) 8-24ft oral.
Aceclofonac. 2rng/l<g (adult 1 OOrng) 12H oral.
Acernetacin. 1.2mg/l<g (adult 60rng) g ... 12H oral.
.Acenocournarol. See nicournalone.
Acetaminophen. See paracetarno1.
Acetazolamide. 5·1 Orng/kg (adult 100-250mg) G .. eH (daily for
oml. TB hydrocephalus: 25 .. 50mg/kg 6·8H plus
0.25rng/kg 6H.
Acetic acid. 1% 3 drops/ear 8H. Box jellyfish: apply vinegar.
Acetohydroxamic acid. 5mg/l<g (adult 250rng) 6·~8H oral.
Acetyl sulfisoxazole. 1 1.0g sulphafurazole (qv).
Acetylcholine chloride. NOT/I<g: ·1% instil 0.5-2ml into
anterior chamber of the eye.
Acetyl<:ysteine. Liver failure, narar.r,tclt .. nnl poisoning (regardloss of delay): 150rng/kg in IV over 1 hr; then 1 Orng/kg
/hr for 20hr (delay <10hr), 32hr (delay ·1 0-16hr), 72hr (deby
>"16hr) and longer if still encephalopathic; oml140mg/kg
stat, then 70mg/kg 4H for l2hr.. Monitor serum I<'. Give if
paracetarnol >1 OOOurnoi/L (150mg/L) at 4hr, >500umolll..
8hr, >250umoi/L 12hr. Lung disease: 20% soltn 0.1 rnl/l<g
(adult 5ml) 6-12JI nebulised or intratrac:l1eal. Meconium ileus
equivalent: 5ml (NOT/kg) of 20% soltn 8H oral; 60-100ml of
50rng/rnl for 45 min PR CF: 4-Smg/l<g 8H oral.
Ace!ylcysteinu 5% + hypromellose 0.35%. 1 drop/eye 6-SH.
Acetylsalicylic acid. Sec aspirin.
Aciclovir. UlV, enceph or
cella IV ovor 111r: 12H
>36wk ... 12yr >12yr
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herpes IV over 'lhr: 250mg/m2 (birth--12yr) 5mg/kg (>12yr)
8H. Genital herpes (>12yr NOT/kg): 200mg oral x5/day for
10 days, then 200mg x2-3/day for 6mo if reqd .. Zoster (>12yr
NOT/kg): 400 rng (<2yr) or 800rng (>=2yr) oral x5/day for 7
days. Cold sores: 5% cream xb/day. Eye: 3% oint x5/day ..
Acipimox .. brng/kg (adult 2.50rng) 8-12H oraL
Acitrelin. 0 .. 5-1 .. Orng/l<g (adult 25-50rng) daily oral; occasionally up to 1 rng/kg (adult 75rng) daily oraL
Acitretin. 0 .. 5-1 rng/kg (adult 25 .. 50rng) daily oral..
Aclidinium .. NOT/kg: 322 or 400mcg inhalation 12H.
Acriflavine hydrochloride .. 0.1% soltn: apply 12-24H ..
Acrivastine .. 0 .. 15mg/kg (adult Smg) 8H oral..
Actinomycin D .. See dactinomycin.
Activated charcoal. See charcoal, activated ..
Acyclovir. See aciclovir ..
Adalimumab .. NOTII<g: 40mg (15 .. 30kg) 80rng (>30kg) SC
stat, then 20mg (15-30I<g) 40rng (>30kg) every 2wl< ..
Adapalene .. 0 .. 1% cream, gel, lotion; 0 .. 3% gel: apply daily.
Adapalene 0 .. 1% + benzoyl peroxide 2 .. 5% geL Apply daily.
Adefovir .. Adult, NOT/I<g: 10mg daily oral..
Adenosine. Arrhythmia: 0 .. 1 mg/kg (adult 3mg) stat by rapid IV
push, incr by 0 .. 1 rng/kg (adult 3mg) every 2min to max O ..ii
mg/kg (adult i 8mg) .. Pul hypertension: 50rncg/kg/rnin (3
mg/ml at 1 ml!kg/hr) into central vein ..
Ado-trastuzumab .. 3.6mg/kg IV every 3wk.
Adrenaline .. Asthma, bronchiolitis, croup inhaltn (<2yr 101../min
gas flow): 1% 0 .. 02rnl/kg diltd to 6rnl, or 1/1000 0.2 mllkg
(rnax 6ml) diltd to 6ml; ventr circuit 1% 0 .. 02rnl/kg diltd to 6rnl,
or 1/1000 (max 6ml) diltd to 6rnl.. Cardiac arrest (repeat if
reqd): 0 .. 1mlll<g of 1/10,000 IV or intracardiac; via ETT 0 .. 1
rnllkg of 1/1000. Anaphylaxis: IV 0.05-0.1rnl/l<g of 1/10,000,
repeat if reqd; IM into thigh 0 .. 01mg/kg (0 .. 01mllkg of 1/1000)
up to 0.1mg/kg, x3 doses 20rnin apart if reqd .. IV infsn 0.15
mg/kg in 50ml at 1-10rnl/llr (0 .. 05-0 .. 5mcg/kg/min) .. TY, 2min.
Adrenaline 0 .. 1% + fluorouracil3 .. 33%. Gel: inject into each
wart weekly for up to 6wk ..
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) .. See corticotrophin.
Afatinib .. Adult, NOT/kg: 40mg daily oral, if tolerated incr to
50mg daily after 3wk.
Afliborcept.. 2mg (0.05rnl) intravitreal 4wkly x3, then 8wkly ..
Agalsidase alpha .. 0 .. 2rng/kg IV over 40rnin every 2wk.
Agalsidase beta .. 0 .. 2-1 mg/kn IV over 40 min every 2wk ..
Agar+ paraffin 65% .. NOT/kg: 6rno-2yr 5rnl, 3--5yr 5-10ml,
>5yr 1 Ornl 8-24H oral..
Agar+ paraffin+ phenolphthalein (Agarol) .. NOT/kg: 6mo2yr 2.5rnl, 3-!:iyr 2.5-Sml, >5yr 5ml 8--24H oraL
Agomelatine .. Adult, NOT/kg: 25rng (max 50rng) daily oraL
Albendazole .. l'inworrn, threadworm, roundworm, hool<wonn,
whipworm: 200rng (<10kg) 400rng (>101<g) oral once (may
repeat after 2wk) .. Strongyloides, cutaneous larva migrans,
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courses 14
NOT/k!J
Albumin. 20%: ?-5mllkg IV. 4%:
plasma: dose (rnl/ko) ,_, 5 x (incn'><Jso gil.)
AlbuteroL See salbutarnol.
Al<:aftadine. 0.25% ;;oltn 1 drop in each eye daily.
Alclornetasone. O.Oli% cream or oinlrnent: apply 8-12H.
Alcohol. See chlorhoxidine, ethanol.
Alcohol. See ethanol.
Aldesleukin (synthetic IL-2). Maliqnancy: constant IV intsn
loss toxic than bolus injln: 3,000,000-5,000,000u/rn'iday tor
li de1ys, if tolerated x1-2 with 5 day interval.
1\lcfacepl. Adult, IV, 1!img IM wkly ·J::>wk.
1\lemtuzumab. Adult, over 2hr. CLL: 3rng daily for
2<l 1 Orng daily ?-3 x3/wl< for up to
daily for 5 for 3d anually.
dnily ornl. Postmenn·
1 o"rng daily, or IOmq
clnw.n"'""OA Wkly.
Alendronate 70rn(l +vitamin IJ3 2800u. 'I taiJ oac:h wk oral.
1\lfacalcidol. O.Wimcq/kq (max 1mcq) daily ornl or IV, ncJ ..
ju;;tcd accordinq to
· Alfcnlanil. 1 Omen/kg or IM stat, Ilion fimcg/1<[1 prn. lhcmtru
(vontilntecl): ~J() .. 50rncq/kq IV over !irnin, then 1 !irnqJ/kq prn
or O.:S-·1 mcg/l<n/min. ICU (ventilated): !)() .. J OOrncn/kq IV ovor
1 Ornin, then 0.5-imcg/kq/min.
1\lfuzosin. 1\dtJit, NOT/kq: ?.!irng G--Sfl oral; slow-rol10mq
e>oo
liqllld 2.ml
meals.
Alirocumab. 1\dtJII, 150rnq) ovcry 2.wk SC.
Alisl<iren. Adult, NOT/1\q: 300tTllJ) daily oral.
/\lisl<iron + amlodipine. ·1 !i0/5, 300/5 or 300/"1 Ornn
tab. Adult, NOI/kq: 1:00ruq/5mq dHily mal, inc:r ovor 2.-4wl< lo
rnax
Aliskiren + llv.rll·t>d'rlnrrntilic;
or 300/2.C>mo tab. Adult NDT/kn:
Alisl<iren + valnarten. 1 b0/'1 60 or
NOT/I<q: 1 tau cluily oral.
Ali!re!inoin. 0_ 1% ti-1 /H.
1\llerwm exlract mite,
1\llopurinol. ·1 0--/0rng/k[J (rnux
1!i0/2S, 300/12.!i
orul.
tub. Adult,
t1ll{!l"[jOrlS.
dni!y ornl. Provnnt
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turnourlysis: ·J 00--'1!iOrnu/rn2 12H IV, oraL
Almotriptan. Aclo!t, NOT/kg: 6.25-12.firng oral, repoat in 21lr if
reqd (max 2 dosus in 241lr).
Aloglip!in. Adult, NcJ T/kg: 12.!i-2!irng daily oraL
Alogliptin 12.5mg + metlormin 50!lmg. 1 tab 12H oraL
Alogliplin 25mg + pioglitazorw 30m g. 1 tab daily oraL
Alosetron. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 mg daily oral, incr if reqd after
4wk to 1mg 12H (stop if no response aftcor 4wk).
Alpha tocopheryl acetate. One alpha-tocopheryl (at)
equivalent "' 1 mg d-al 1. ·1 rng d-at acetate 1 .!)rng dl-at
acetate 1 .5u vit F. 1\betalipoproteinaernia: 1 OOrng/kq (max
4[J) daily oral. Cystic fibrosis: 45-200rng (NOT/kg) daily oral.
Newborn (high dose. toxicity r<oported): 1 0-25rng/kg daily IM
or IV, 1 0· 1 OOmg/kg daily oral.
Alpha1 antitrypsin. 60rng/kg once Wl(ly IV over 30min.
Alpha, proteinase inhihitor. Seu alpha, antitrypsin.
Alprazolam. (adult 0.2S·1rng) 8H orul. Slow
rei: 0.5-1rn(J daily, incr to (rnax 1 Omg) daily oral.
1\lpronolol. 1·4mg/kg (rnax 6-121-1 oral.
Alprostadil (prostaglandin E1, Maintain PDA: 60
in 50ml 0.9% saline OS3rnl/llr (10·60ng/kg/min); TY,
dysftn (adult NOT/kg): 2.5mcg intracavmnous
if to max OOmcg (max 3 doses/wk).
lasmi1·rocmn activator). 0. 1·0.6rng/l(g/hr
(longer if 110 rosponsEl); keep fibrinooen
>1 OOmg/dl (uive cryoprecipitate 1 bag/5l<g), give heparin
·1 Ou/l<q/llr IV, give frm;h froLen plasma (ICFf') 1 Ornl/kg IV dnily
in i11fants. Local 1/\ rnfsn: O.Obmg/k[]ihr, give FTP 1 Ornl/kg IV
daily. Blocl<ccl cannula: O.!)mg/2rnl (<1 Okg) 2mg/2rnl (>1 Okg)
pm lumen left for 2-4hr, witl1dmw drug, flush with saline;
once in 2~hr if rcqcl. l=rnpyoma: 4rng in 40ml saline
1 hr dwell, daily for total 3 doses.
oral.
compresses, or daily to molluscum
Aluminium chloride hexahydrat<l. 20% x1--2/wk.
Aluminium hydroxide. ?5mn/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 4--61-1 oral. Gel
(64rnq/ml) 0.1 rnl/kg 6H oral.
Aluminium hydroxide 40rng/ml, IVl(l hydroxide 40mg/rnl,
simethicone 4mg/ml (IVlylanta, Gelusil). 0.5--1 ml/l<g (adult
1 0--20ml) ll--8H om I. ICU: 0.5ml/kg 3H oral if pll <!i.
Aluminium 20% soltn: to stinD.
tl1en 12H
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Ambrisentan ·rladalafil. Adult (NOT/kg): S/20mg daily oral
incr 4wkly to 1 0/~0mg daily.
Amcinonide. 0.1% lotion, croam, ointment: Apply tJ .. 12H.
Amethocaine. Gel 4'% in mettlylcolluloso (RCH AnGel):
to skin, apply occlusive dressing, wait 30-60min, remove
0.5%, 1%: 1 drop/eye.
Amifampridine. Adult, NOT/kg: 15 mg daily oral, incr avery !i
days if mqd to max 20rng 811.
Amifostine. 91 Omg/rn' IV over 15m in daily 30min before
chemotherapy; reduce to 7 40mq/rn2 if severo side eft'octs.
Arnikacin. Single daily dose IV or IM. Neonate: 15rnoil<g stat,
then 7.5rng/ko (<lOwk) 10rng/kg (30-35wk) 15rng/kq (term
<1wk) daily. 1wk 10yr: 25rng/l<o day 1, then 18mnlkg daily.
>1 Oyr: 20mglkg day 1, then 15rnglkq (max 1.!io) daily.
!'rough level <5.0rng/L.
Amiloride. 0.2mg/kg (adult 12-241-1 oral.
Aminacrino hydrochloride. 1 drop/eye 2-AII.
Aminoacridino hydrochloride. Soo aminacrine.
Aminobenzoic acid. 60rngll<g (max :Jg) 6H oraL
Aminocaproic acid. 3g/rn2 (adult over 1 hr IV, then
per 11r (max 1-1.2~n/hr). l"rophylax: (JIIIV,
Aminonlutethimide. Adult, NOT/1\g: 250rng oral, I ncr
over 4wk to 2!i0rng 6H.
Arninohippuric acid (PAHA). 6-1 Ornqll<g stat, them O.Z. 0.5
rngll<g/rnin IV gives 2rnq/1 OOrnl in plasma.
Aminolevulinic acid. 20% soltn: apply to lesions, expose to
400-450nrn blue lioht for 1 OOOsec (1 0 J/cm') next day;
repeat after 8wl< if reqd.
Aminophylline. ·100m9 80mg tlwophylline. Load: 10mrJ/ko
500rng) IV ovor 1 hr. Maintenance: 1st wk lifo 2.Smg/kq
over 1hr 12H; 2nd wl< life 12H; 3wk-12 mo ((0.12
x ago in wl<) + 3) rng/kg 811; and 2!)rng/kg at
0.044mlll<g/hr (1.1mq/kolhr) or 6111q/kg IV over 6H;
>35kq and <17yr, or >1/yr and srnol<er, 25mg/ml at 0.02fl
rnllkg/hr (O.lmg/kg/hr) or 4rnglkg IV over 1 hr 6H; >17yr non ..
srnol<er 2.5mg/rnl at 0.02mlll<glhr (0.5rn[Jil<glhr) or 3rng/kg IV
over 1hr 61l; 25rnglrnl at 0.014 ml/l<glhr (0.3fi
IV over 111r 6H. Level 60-·SOumoi/L
(x0.1 flcrncg/rnl).
Soo rm~salo.zine.
lno-salll<O\rlic acid (4-Arninosalicylic
50-"1 OOmglk(J (adult
in 50rnl 5%1.1
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f'nuresis: 1··1 .Grno/kn (max
Amlexanox. G% oral
Amlodipine.
Amlodipine + olmesartan.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
nocto.
ulcers x4/day.
2.5· 1Om g) daily oral.
!i/40, 10/20, 10/40 tab.
Amlodipine + perindopril. 3.5/2.5rno, "7/5, 14/10 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Amlodipinc + telmisartan. 5/40rng, 5/80, 10/40 or 10/80 lab.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Amlodipine + valsarlan. 5/160mg, 5/320, 10/1GO. 10/320 tab.
Adult. NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Amobarbital. Seo arnylobarbitono.
Amodiaquin<>. Treatment: 1 Omg/l<g daily for 3 days oral.
l"'rophylaxis: 5rng/kg once a wk.
Amorolfinc. Nail lacquer ti%: apply x1·2/wk.
Amoxapine. 0.5·2rnq/kg 25·1 OOmg) 8H oral.
Amoxicillin. See
Amoxycillin. 25mg/kq 0.25·1g) 8H IV, IM, oral; or 25·
40mgll<q 12H. Slow :e12yr T75rng tab daily oral.
Sevore inftn: !iOmg/kg (adult 2g) IV 12fl (1st wk life), GH (2-·
3wl<), 4 .. 6H or constant infsn (?4wk). H.pylori: omepraLolo.
+ clavulanic acid. Dose as arnoxicillin, oral. 4:1
111ay cause tiln:ornhorJh
rng GH prophylaxis.
oint 3%: apply 6··12H.
ti00/12!img) 8H; 7:1
12H; or 10:1 (XI'<) 30-
Amphotericin, colloidal dispersion (Amphocil, Ampholec).
Usually :lArng/kfJ (up to Grng/kg for aspergillus) daily IV over
?.··3hr.
6H or
Ampidllin + fluclctJ<acil!lin.
2!50 (cl1ild), ?!J0/2!50 or b00/500
Ampicillin 'l,g + sulbactmn ?h··'illrno/l<n
ampicillin GIIIM or IV over
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Amprenavir. ~4yr. Soltn (rnax
17rng/l<g 8H oml. Caps (max
15rng/kg 8H oral.
?2.5 rng/I<[J12H, or
2.0mg/kg 12H, or
Amrinone. <4wlc 4rng/l<g IV over 1hr, then 3-5rncg/kg/rnin.
>4wk: 1-3rng/k[J IV over 1 hr, then 5-15rncg/l<g/rnin.
Amsacrine. 450-600rng/rn2 IV over 2hr daily for 3-5 days.
Amylase. See pancreatic enzymes.
Arnylmotacresol. 0.6mq lozenge as reqd (max 8/day).
Arnylobarbitone. 0.3-1rng/l<g (adult 15-50rng) 8··12H, or 2-
4rng/l<g (adult 200-400rng) at night, oral.
Anagrelide. Adult, NOT/I<g: 0.5rng 121-1, incr slowly if roqd to
max 2.5mg 6H oral.
Anakinra. Adult, NOT/kg: 100rng daily SC.
Anastrozolo. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 mg daily oral.
Ancestim (human stem coil factor). 20mcg/kg/day SC.
Aneurine. See thiamine.
Angel cream (RCH). See amethocaine.
Anidulafungin. 2-Arng/l<g (adull100-~00mg) IV day 1, then 1-
2mgll<g (8dult 50-100rng) daily.
Anisindione. 6mglkg (adult 300mg) oral 1, (adult
?OOmg) 2m!J/I<g (adult 100rng) then
rng/kg/day 25-250mg) according prothrombin timo.
Anistreplase. Adult, NOT/ko: 30u IV over 5rnin.
Anthraquinone. Soe sennosicle .
. Anthrax vaccil"' (BioThrax). Inanimate. O.!imiiM stat, 4wl<,
6mo, 12mo, 18mo (5dosos), then yearly. 1°ost-exposuro 0.5
miiM stat, 2wl<, 4wk (3 doses) with antibiotic.
Antihaemophilic factor. Seo factor 8.
An!Hnhibitor coagulant complex. Soe factor 8 inhibitor
bypassing fmction.
Antilymphocyte globulin. See immunoglobulin, antilym'te.
Antithrombin, antithrombin alfa, antithrombin Ill, recom ..
binant human antithrombin (rhAT). Adult: units (100%
actual%) x Wt I 2.2 load, then 23% of this hrly; double dose
nrr>~m.Rnr'v Child: either 1 OOOu in 20ml water diluted Ia
2.5 ml!kg/hr (50u/kg/hr) for 3hr, than 0.3
rnl/kg/hr (Gu/kg/hr) or 1750u in 10ml water diluted to 50ml
with saline: 1 Amllkg/ilr (49u/l<g/ilr) for 3hr, then 0.17ml!kg/hr
(6u/l<g/hr). Monitor antithrombin activity after 6hr, then 8-
12H: if <80% incr dose 30%; if >120% reduce dose 30%.
Antithymo<:yte (Jiobulin. Soe antilyrnpl1'te.
Antivonom to Australian snakes (black,
brown, death adder, tiger), (funnelweb) and !id<s. Dose on amount venom injected, not size of patient. doses needed for multiple
bites, 8evero administration. Give
adrenaline of ·1 in 1 000) SC. Initial
dose soltn IV over
30m in. Do extra doses for
Anlivenom to black widow spider spider
$9.95 ·t postagn frorn orclers@drugdoses.com
(Australia). NUJ"/I1g: 1arnp IM, may repeat in 2hr. Severe: 2
amp diluted 1/10 in Hartmann soltn IV over 30min. No clear
benefit from redbacl1 spider anitvenom (Aust Prescr 35:152).
Anlivenom to coral snalw (USA). NOT/kg: 3--6 vials IV over
1-2hr, 1·epeat if signs progress. Premed with diphenhydramine 5rng/kg (adult 300mg) IV, have adrenaline available.
Antivenom to Crotalidae (pit vipers, rattlesnal1es- USA).
NOT/kg: ~-6 vials, with higher dose for more severo envenomation, diluted 1/10 in saline IV over 1hr, repeated 1hr later
if reqd; tl"len ?. vials 6H for 3 doses.
Antivenom, bark scorpion. NOT/kg: 3 vials IV over 10rnin;
further 1-2 vials at 30-60rnin intervals if reqd.
Antivenom, stonefish. 1 OOOu (2ml) per puncture IM. Severe:
1000u/puncture dilutd 1/10 in Hartmann soltn IV over 30rnin.
Apixaban. Adult, NOT/kg: surgery 2.5mg 12H oral, atr fib 5mg
1?11.
Apomorphine. Adult, NOT/kg: usually 2.4-3.6rng/dose (max
6mg) prn to max 50mg/day SC. lnfsn: 0.02--0.0Srng/kg/ill"
(max 200rng/day) SC.
Apraclonidine. 1 drop/eye 81-1 (0.5%), 121-1 (1%).
Aprernilast. Adult, NOT/k[J: 1 Orng 12H om I, incr over 6 days
to 30rng 121-1.
Aprepilant. Adult, NOT/kg: 12.(img oral1hr before cherno,
then 80mg on days 2 and 3.
Aprostadil. See alprostadil.
Aprotinin (1kiu ~ 140ng "0.00056epu, Hng ~ 7143kiu).
1,200,000 kiu/m2 IV over 1 hr (plus 1,200,000 kiu/m2 in
prime), then 300,000 kiu/m2
/hr; half for "low dose". Adult,
NOT/kg: 2,000,000 kiu IV over 1 hr (plus 2,000,000 kiu in
prime), then 500,000 kiu/hr; half for "low dose". l"rophylaxis:
4000 kiu/kg, then 2000 kiu/kg 6H IV.
Arachis oil. 130m! enema as mquired.
Arachis oil 57% + chlorbutol 5% + dichlorobenzene 16%
(Cerumol). £i drops to eilr 15-30min before syringing.
Arformoterol. NOT/kg: 15mcg in 2mi12H by nebulisation.
Arga!roban. 2mcg/l<g/min IV; adjust to maintain APTT x1.5-3.
Arginine hydrochloride. Dose (rng) = BE x Wt(kg) x 70; give
half this IV over 1 hr, then repeat if mqd.
Arginine vasopressin, argipressin. See vasopressin.
Aripipraz.ole. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5rng) incr if reqd by 0.1rng/l1g
(adult 5rng) each wl\ to rnax 0.6mg/l\g (adult 30rng) daily.
Extended rolease: fl-Smg/l<g (adult 300--400rng) IM monthly.
Aripiprazolo lauroxil. Adult, NOT/kg: 441 rng ('·'1 Orng/clayoral)
or 662mg (=15rng/day) monthly, or 882rng every 4--6wl\ IM.
Armodafinil. Adult, NOT/kg: 150rng (rnax 2f50rng) daily oral.
Arsenic trioxide. 0.15rng/kg daily IV until remission (max 60
closes), wait 6wk, then 0:15mg/l\g for 25
Artemethor, oily soltn. 3.2mg/kg IM then ·t daily
until oral therapy possible (see artesunate).
Artmnether 20mg + lumefantrine 120mg. NOT/kg: 1 tab (5-
$9.9!5 + postaqe frorn orders@drugdoses.com Pago 8
14kg), 2 tab (15-24kg), 3 tab (25-341<9), 4 tab (<:35kg) with
fatty food (e.g. milk) at Ohr, Bhr, 24hr, 36hr, 48hr and 60hr.
Repeat dose if vomit within 1 hr of ingestion.
Artesunate. Treatment of choice for severe malaria. 2.4mg/kg
IV or IM at Ohr, 12hr, 24hr, then daily x7 days; after at least 3
doses and when oral therapy possible change to full course
of artemether + lumefantrine.
Articane 40mg/ml +adrenaline 1:100,000. Adult, NOT/kg
avge dose 1.7ml (max 7mg/kg = 0.175ml/kg) by injection.
Ascorbic acid. Burn (NOT/kg): 200-500mg daily IV, IM, SC,
oral. Metabolic dis (NOT/kg): 250mg (<7yr) 500mg (>7yr)
daily oral. Scurvy (NOT/kg): 100mg 8H oral for 10 days.
Urine acidification: 1 0-30mg/kg 6H.
Asenapine. Adult, NOT/kg: 10·20mg daily sublingual.
Asfotase. 2mg/kg (infants 3mg/kg) three times a week SC.
Asparaginase. See colaspase.
Aspirin. 1 0-15mgil<g (adult 300-600mg) 4-6H oral. Antiplatelet, preeclampsia (enteric-coat poor absorbtn): 5mg/kg (adult
81··100mg) daily; ER adult(NOT/kg) 162.5mg daily. Kawasaki:
10mg/kg 6H (low dose) 25mg/kg 6H (high dose) for 2wk,
then 3-5 mg/kg daily. Arthritis: 25mg/l<g (max 2g) 6H for 3
days, then 15-20mg/kg 6H. Salicylate level (arthritis) middose 0.7 -2.0mmoi/L (x13.81 =mg/1 OOml).
Aspirin 25mg + dipyridamole 200m g. Adult, NOT/kg 1
sustained rei cap 12H oral.
Aspirin lysine 1.62g + metoclopramide 1Om g. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1 sachet oral, rnay repeat in 2hr; max 3/day.
Asunaprevir. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 OOmg 12H + daclatasvir 60mg
daily± ribavirin oral.
Atazanavir (ATV). >16yr: 400mg/daily with food. Trough
?.150ng/ml.
Atazanivir + cobicistat. Adult, NOT/kg: 300/150mg daily.
Atazinavir + ritonavir. 15-241<g: 150/80mg daily with food
oral; 25-311<g: 200/100mg daily; 32-38kg: 250/100mg daily;
<:39i<g: 300/1 OOmg daily with food. ATV trough <:150ng/ml.
Atazinavir 400mg + efavirenz 600mg + ritonavir 1 OOmg.
>16yr: all daily oral, at different times (EFV not with food).
Atenolol. Oral: 0.5-1rng/kg (max 25-50mg) 12-241-l. IV: 0.05
mg/kg (max 2.5mg) every 5min if reqd (max 4 doses), then
0.1-0.2mg/kg (max 5-10rng) over.10min 12-24H.
Atenolol 50mg + nifedipine 20mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 cap 12H
oral. Slow-rei: 1 cap daily oral.
Atomoxetine. 0.5rng/l<g (max 40mg) daily oral, incr after at
least 3 days to max 1.2-1.4rng/kg (max 1 OOmg) as single
daily dose or divided 12H.
Atorvaslatin. 0.2mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) daily, incr if reqd every
4wk to max '1.6mg/kg (adult 80mg) daily.
Atorvastatin + ezetimibe. 10/1 Orng, 20/10, 40/10, 80/10.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Atosiban. Adult, NOT/kg: 6.75mg IV over 1rnin, then 300
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meg/min for 3hr, then 1 OOmcg/min for max 45hr.
Atovaquone, micronised. Pneumocystis: 3-24mo 45mg/kg,
>24mo 30mg/kg (max 1500mg) daily oral.
Atovaquone 62.5mg + proguanil 25mg (Malarone paed·
iatric). Treat: 2 tab (5··8kg) 3 tab (9-10kg) 8H for 3 days.
Prophylaxis: 5mg/kg (adult 250mg) daily oral.
Atovaquone 250mg + proguanil 100mg (Malarone). Malaria
treat: 20mg/kg of atovaquone (max 1 g) daily for 3 days oral;
proph: 5mg/kg of atovaquone (adult 250mg) daily.
Atracurium. 0.3-0.6mg/kg stat, then 0.1-0.2mg/kg when reqd
or 5-1 Omcg/kg/min IV.
Atropine. 0.02mg/kg (max 0.6mg) IV or IM, then 0.01mg/kg 4-
6H. Organophosphate poisoning: 0.05-1mg/kg (adult 2mg)
IV, then 0.02-0.05mg/kg (adult 2mg) every 15-60min until
atropinised, then 0.02-0.0Smg/kg/hr for several days. Autoinjector (adult, NOT/kg): 2mg + obidoxime 110mg IM.
Atropine 25mcg + diphenoxylate 2.5mg tab (Lomotil).
Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2 tab 6-8H oral.
Attapulgite. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.6-1.2g 3-6H oral.
Auranofin. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 6mg) daily oral, incr if reqd to max
0.05mg/kg (adult 3mg) 8H.
Aurothioglucose, aurothiomalate. 0.25mg/l<g wkly IM, incr
to 1 mg/kg (max 50mg) wl<iy for 20wk, then every 1-4wk.
Avanafil. Adult, NOT/kg: 100mg (50-200mg) 30min before
sexual activity, max once/day.
Avibactam. See ceftazidime.
Axitinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg (2-10mg) 12H oral.
Azacitidine. 75mg/m2 SC daily for 7 days, repeated every
4wk; incr if reqd after 2 cycles to 1 00mg/m2 daily.
Azapropazone. 1 Omg/kg (max 600mg) 12H oral. Acute gout:
6H (day 1), 8H (day 2), then 12H.
Azatadine. NOT/kg: 0.5-1 mg (>6y), 1-2mg (>12y) 12-24H po.
Azathioprine. 25-75mg/m2 (approx 1-3mg/kg) daily oral, IV.
Azelaic acid. 20% cream, 15% gel: apply 121-1.
Azelastine. 0.1% spray, >5yr: 0.15ml to each nostril 12H.
Azelastlne + flutlcasone. 1 spray (137/50mcg) I nostril 12H.
Azidothymidine (AZT). See zidovudine.
Azilsartan. 1-2mg/kg (adult 40-80mg) daily oral.
Azilsartan + chlorthalidone. 40/12.5, 40/25mg. Adult,
NOT/kg: 40/12.5 tab daily, incr to 40/25 daily if reqd.
Azithromycin. Oral (only 40% bioavailable): 15mg/kg (adult
500mg) on day 1 then 7.5mg/kg (adult 250mg) days 2-5, or
15mg/l<g (adult 500rng) daily for 3 days; trachoma 20 rng/kg
(adult 1g) wkly x3; MAC prophylaxis (adult) 1.2g wkly; Gp A
strep 20mg/kg daily x3. IV: 15mgil<g (adult 500mg) day 1,
then 5rng/kg (adult 200mg) daily. 1% eye drops: 1 drop 12H
for 2 days, then daily for 5 days.
Aztreonam. 30mg/kg (adult 1 g) 8H IV. Severe inftn: 50rng/kg
(adult 2g) 12H (1st wl< life), 8H (2-4 wi<), 6H or infsn (4+ wl<).
Nobulised (adult, NOT/kg): 75mg 8H.
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Bacampicillin. 15-25mg/kg (adult 400-BOOmg) 12H oral.
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine (CSL). Live. Intradermal (1 mg/ml): 0.075rnl (<3mo) or 0.1 ml (>3mo) once.
Percutaneous (60mg/ml suspension): 1 drop on skin,
inoculated with Heal apparatus, once.
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine suspension,
about 5 x 1QA8 cfu/vial. Adult: 1 vial (OncoTICE) or 3 vials
(lmmuCyst) left in bladder for 2hr each wk for 6wks, then at
3, 6, 12, 18 and 24mo.
Bacitracin 500u/g + polymyxin B 1 O,OOOu/g. Eye ointment:
apply x2-5/day.
Bacitracin 400u/g + polymyxin B 5000u/g + neomycin
5mg/g (Neosporin). Ointment or eye ointment: apply x2-
5/day. Powder: apply 6-12H (skin inftn), every few days
(burns). Eye drops: see gramicidin.
Baclofen. 0.2rng/kg (adult 5rng) 8H oral, incr every 3 days to
1 mg/kg (adult 25mg, max 50mg) BH. Intrathecal infsn: 2-20
meg/kg (max 1000mcg) per 24hr.
, Balsalazide. Adult, NOT/kg: 2 .. 25g BH oral (= 2.34g mesalazine daily).
Bambuterol. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) nocte oral.
Basiliximab. 12mg/m2 (max 20mg) IV 2hr preop and day 4.
Bazedoxifene 20mg + conjugated oestrogens 0.45mg.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily.
BCG vaccine. See Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine.
Becaplermin. Length 0.01% gel in ern: ulcer length x width /4
(15g tube), or L x WI 2 (2g tube) daily; wash off after 12hr.
Beclomethasone dipropionate. Rotacap or aerosol (NOT
/kg): 100-200mcg (<Syr), 1!50-400mcg (>Byr) x2/day (rarely·
x4/day). Nasal (NOT/kg): aerosol (80mg/spray) or pump (42-
50mcg/spray): 1spray 121-1 (<12yr), 2spray 12H (>12yr).
Beclomethasone extrafine 1 OOmcg + formoterol 6mcg.
2:12yr (NOT/kg): 1-2 puffs 121-1 inhaled.
Bedaquiline. Adult, NOT/kg: 400rng daily oral for 2wk, then
200rng x3/wl< for wks 3-24.
Belatacept. 1 Orng/kg IV over 30m in day 1, day 5, 2wk, 4wk,
8wk and 12wk; then 5mg/kg every 4wk.
· Belimumab. 1 Omg/kg IV over 1 hr every 2wk x3, then 4wkly.
Belinostat. 1g/m2 IV over 30min day1-5 of 21 day cycle.
Bemiparin. Surgery (adult, NOT/kg): 2500u (orthopaedics
3500u) SC 2hr pre-op or 6hr post-op, then daily for 7-10
days. DVT: 115u/kg daily 5-9 days (or until oral anticoag).
Benazepril. 0.2-0.4rng/kg (adult 10-20rng) 12-24H oral.
Bendamustine. CLL: 1 00rng/rn2 IV on days 1 and 2 of 28--day
cycle for up to 6 cycles; 70mg/rn2 with rituxirnab. NHL: 120
rng/rn2 on days 1 and 2 of 21-day cycle for up to 8 cycles;
90rng/m2 with rituximab.
Bendrofluazide. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5·-1 Omg) daily oral.
Bendroflumethiazide. See bendrofluazide.
Benflumetol (lurnefantrine). See artemether.
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Benorylate. 30mglkg (adult 1 .5g) 8H oral.
Benperidol. 5-15mcglkg (adult 0.25-1 .5mg) 12-24H oral.
Benserazide. See levodopa + benserazide.
Benzathine penicillin. See penicillin, benzathine.
Benzatropine. See benzlropine.
Benzbromarone. Adult, NOT/kg: 50--300mg daily oral, or 20-
25mg with allopurinol.
Benzhexol. >3yr: 0.02mglkg (adult 1 mg) 8H, incr to 0.1-0.3
mglkg (adult 1.5-5mg) 8H oral.
Benzocaine. 1%-20% topical: usually applied 4-6H.
Benzocaine+ cetylpyridinium. Mouth wash (Cepacaine):
apply 3H prn, do not swallow.
Benzocaine + phenazone 5.4% (Auralgin). 3 drops per ear
x3/day for 2-3 days.
Benzoic acid 6% + salicylic acid 3%. Whitfield's ointment:
apply 12H.
Benzonatate. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2 100mg cap 8H oral; must be
swallowed whole, toxic if capsule not intact.
Benzoyl peroxide. Liquid, gel2.5%-10%: apply x1-31day. See
also adapalene + benzoyl peroxide.
Benzoyl peroxide+ clindamycin gel. 1%/5%, 1 .2%12.5%,
1.2%13.75%, 1.2%15%. Apply pea-sized amount to face daily.
Benzphetamine. 25-50mg daily oral, incr if reqd to 8H.
Benzquinamide. IM: 0.5-1 mglkg (adult 50mg) stat and repeat
in 1hr if needed, then 3-4H prn. IV over 1-5min: 0.2-0.4mglkg
(adult 25mg) once.
Benzthiazide 25mg + triamterene 50mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2
tsb on alternate days, oral.
Benztropine. >3yr: 0.02mg/kg (adult 1 mg) statIM or IV, rnay
repeat in 15min. 0.02.-0.06mglkg (adult 1-3mg) 12-24H oral.
Benzydamine. 3% cream: apply 8H.
Benzyl benzoate. 25% lotion. Scabies: apply neck down after
hot bath, wash off after 24hr; repeat in 5 days. Lice: apply to
infected region, wash off after 24hr; repeat in 7 days.
Benzylpenicillin. See penicillin G.
Bepotastine. 1 .5% ophthalmic soltn: 1 drop 12H.
Bepridil. 4-8mglkg (adult 200-400mg) daily oral.
Beractant (bovine surfactant, Survanta). 25mglrnl soltn.
4mllkg intratracheal 2-4 doses in 48hr, each dose in 4 parts:
body inclined down with head to right, body down head left,
body up head right, body up head left
Besifloxacin. 0.6% eye ointment: apply 8H.
Beta carotene. Porphyria: 1-5mglkg (adult 30-300rng) daily.
Betahistine. 0. 15-0.3mglkg (adult 8-16rng) 8H oral.
Betaine hydrochloride. Usually 60mglkg (adult 3g) 12H oral,
max 100rnglkg (adult 5g) 12H.
Betamethasone. 0.01-0.2mglkg daily oral. Betamethasone
has no mineralocorticoid action, 1 mg = 25mg hydrocortisone
in glucocorticoid action. Gel 0.05%; cream, lotion or oint--
ment, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%: apply sparingly 8-241-1. Eye
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0.1%: initially 1 drop/eye 1-2H, then 6H; or 0.6cm oint 8-12H.
Betamethasone 0.1% +neomycin 0.5%. 1drop/eye 4-SH.
Betamethasone acetate 3mg/ml + betamethasone sodium
phosphate 3.9mg/ml (Celestone Chronodose). Adult:
0.25-2ml (NOT/kg) intramuscular, intra-articular, or intra ..
lesional injection.
Betamethasone dipropionate 0.064% + calcipotriol 0.005%
(Dovonex). Foam, ointment: apply daily to no more than
30% of body for up to 4wk (max 1 OOg/wk in adult).
Betaxolol. 0.4-0.Srng/kg (adult 20-40mg) daily oral. Eye drops
0.25%-0.5%: 1 drop/eye 12H.
Bethanecol. Oral: 0.2-1rng/kg (adult 10-50mg) 6-8H. SC:
0.05-0.1 rng/kg (adult 2.5-5rng) 6-8H.
Bevacizumab. 1 Omg/kg IV over 90rnin every 2wk or 15rng/kg
every 3wk. lntravitreal (NOT/kg): 1.25mg every month.
Bexarotene. 300rng/m2 (rangG 1 00-400rng/m2
) daily oral.
Bezafibrate. 4rng/kg (adult 200mg) 8H oral with food.
Bicalutamide. Adult, NOT/kg: 50-150mg daily oral.
Bicalutamide + goserelin. Adult, NOT/kg: 50mcg daily oral, +
goserelin 1 O.Bmg implant 4wkly or 1 0.8mg SC every 3mo.
Bicarbonate. Slow IV: dose (mmol) =BE x Wt/4 (<5kg), BE x
Wt/6 (child), BE x Wt/1 0 (adult). These doses correct half the
base deficit. Alkalinise urine: 0.25mmol/kg 6-12H oral.
Bifonazole. 1% cream: apply daily for 2-4wk.
Bilastine. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg daily oral.
Bimatoprost. 0.03% drops: 1 drop/eye each evening.
Bimatoprost 0.3mg/ml + timolol 5mg/ml. 1drop/eye daily.
Biotin (coenzyme R, vitamin H). NOT/kg: 5-20mg daily IV,
IM, SC or oral.
Biperiden. 0.02-0.04mg/kg (adult 1-2mg) 8-12H oral. IM or
slow IV: 0.05-0.1mg/kg (adult 2.5-5mg), max x4/day.
Bisacodyl. NOT/kg: <12mo 2.5rng PR, 1-5yr 5mg PR or 5-
1 Omg oral, >5yr 1 Omg PR or 1 0-20mg oral. Enema: half daily
(6mo-3yr), 1 enema daily (>3yr).
Bisacodyl 1 Omg + docusate sodium 1 OOmg. <2yr 10
suppos, 1-11yr Y,-1 suppos, >11yr 1 suppos daily.
Bismuth subgallate. See bismuth subcitrate.
Bismuth subsalicylte. 5mg/kg (adult 240mg) 12H oral 30min
before meal. H. pylori, see omeprazole.
Bisoprolol. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) daily oral.
Bitolterol. Resp soltn (0.2%): 1 rnl diluted to 4ml 3-6H (mild),
2m I diltd to 4ml1-2H (moderate), undiltd constant (severe, in
ICU). Aerosol 370mcg/puff: 1-2 puff 4-6H.
Bivalirudin. IV: percutaneous coronary intervtn 0.75mg/kg
stat, then 1.75mg/kg/hr for up to 72hr; HIT 0.15-0.Zrng/kg/hr.
Bleomycin sulfate. 10-20u/m2 1M, SC or IV over 15min x1-
2/wk. Max total dose 250u/m2
•
Blinatumornab. NOT/kg. <:45kg: 9mcg/day continuous IV
infsn day1-'7, 28mcg/day day8-28, 2wk rest; then 4 cycles of
28mcg/day day1-28 then 2wk rest.
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Blood. 4ml/kg packed cells raises Hb 1 g%. 1 bag = 300m I.
Boceprevir. 15mg/kg ~adult 800mg) 8H oral.
Bortezomib. 1.3mg/m on days 1, 4, 8, 11; then 10 day rest
(21 day cycle, average 6 cycles). Stop if toxicity, then use 1
mg/m2
/dose; stop if toxicity recurs, then use 0.7mg/m2
/dose.
Bosentan. 1mg/kg (adult62.5mg) 12H oral for 1-4wk, then
2mg/kg (adult 125mg) 12H. IV: half oral dose.
Bosutinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mg (300-600mg) daily oral.
Botulinum toxin type A. NOT/kg: SOu IM per site, every
12wk if reqd. Blepharospasm: 1.25-2.5u into 3 sites/eye
(max 5u/site) IM, max total200u/30days. Oesoph achalasia:
1 OOu per session divided between 4-6 sites. Hyperhidrosis:
50u/2ml intradermal per axilla (given in 10-15 sites).
Botulinum toxin type B. NOT/kg: usual total dose 2,500-
1 O,OOOu, repeated every 12wk if reqd.
Bowel washout. See colonic lavage soltn.
Brentuxim;;~b. 1.8mg/kg IV over 3D min every 3wk.
Bretylium tosylate. 5mg/kg IV in 1 hr, then 5-30 meg/kg/min.
Brexpipra:zole. 0.5-·1 mg daily oral, lncr if reqd to 2mg on day
5, and 4rng day 8.
Brimonidine. Gel 3.3mg/g: pea--sized amount to face daily.
Brimonidine. 0.2% 1 drop/eye 12H. 0.33% gel applied daily.
Brimonidine 0.2% + brinzolamide 1%. 1 drop/eye 8H.
Brimonidine 0.2% + timolol 0.5%. 1 drop/eye 12H.
Brinzolamide. 1%: 1 drop/eye 8-12H. See also brimonidine.
Brivaracetam. 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 25-1 OOmg) 12H oral.
Bromazepam. 0.02-0.1mg/kg (adult 1--3mg) 8H oral.
Bromhexine 0.3rngil<g (adult 16mg) 81-1 oral for 7 days, then
0.15mg/kg (adult 8mg) 81-1.
Bromocriptine. 0.025mg/kg (adult 1.25mg) 8-12H, incr wl<ly
to 0.05-0.2mg/kg (adult 2.5-1 Omg) 6-12H oral. Diabetes
(adult, NOT/kg): 0.8mg tab daily oral, incr wkly to max 1.6-
4.8mg daily. Inhibit lactation, NOT/kg: 2.5mg 12H for 2wk.
Brompheniramine. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5--10mg) 6-8H oral,
SC, IM or slow IV.
Buclizine. 0.25-1mg/kg (adult 12.5-50mg) 8--241-1 oral.
Budesonide. Metered dose inhaler (NOT/kg): <12yr 50--200
meg 6-12H, reducing to 100-200mcg 12H; >12yr 100-600
meg 6-12H, reducing to 100-400mcg 121-1. Nebuliser
(NOT/kg): <12yr 0.5-1 mg 12H, reducing to 0.25-0.5mg 12H;
>12yr 1-2mg 12H, reducing to 0.5-1mg 12H. Croup: 2rng
(NOT/kg) 121-1 nebulised. Nasal spray, aerosol (NOT/kg): 64-
128 mcg/nostrii12-24H. Crohns dis, Adult, NOT/kg: 9mg
slow-release tab daily for 8wk, then reduce over 4wk; rectal
foam 2mg 121-1 for 2wk, then daily 4wk.
Budesonide + eformoterol. Inhalations. Chronic :512yr
100/6mcg 1-2 12H, or 200/6 1 daily; >12yr 100/6 1-2 12H or
200/6 1-2 12H or 400/12 1 121-1. Acute >12yr: 100/6 or 200/6
(not 400/12) up to 6 inhaltn ifreqd, max 12/day.
Bumetanide. 25mcg/l<g (adult 1 mg) daily oral, may incr to
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max 50mcgll<g (adult 3mg) 8-12H.
Bupivacaine. Max dose: 2-3mg/kg (0.4-0.6ml/kg of 0.5%).
Intrathecal: 1 mgkg (0.2ml/kg of 0.5%). Epidural: 2mg/kg
(0.4ml/kg of 0.5%) stat intraop, then 0.25mg/kg/hr (0.2
ml/kg/hr of 0.125%) postop. Intrapleural: 0.5% 0.5ml/kg (max
20ml) 8-12H, or 0.5ml/kg (max 1 Oml) stat then 0.1--0.25
mllkg/hr (max 10ml/hr). Epidural in ICU: 25ml 0.5% + 1mg
(20m I) fentanyl + saline to 1 OOml at 2-Sml/hr in adult
Bupivacaine +fentanyl. 1 rng+2mcg/rnl. Adult, NOT/kg.
Epidural: 10-20rnl, then 5--10rnl/hr or 3-20ml as reqd.
Buprenorphine. Adult, NOT/kg: 200-800mcg 6-8H sublingual,
IM or slow IV; transdermal patch 5, 10 or 20rncg/hr wkly;
buccal film 75mcg 12-14H, incr if reqd to max 900mcg 12H.
Implant 74.2rng, adult NOT/kg: x4 subdermal replace 6 mnthly.
Buprenorphine +naloxone. NOT/kg: oral 2/0.5mg (1 .4/0.36
rng SL) 8/2rng (5.7/1.4mg SL) daily adjusted to response.
Bupropion. 2-3mg/kg (adult 75-150mg) 8-12H oral. NOT/kg:
sustained 1 00-200mg 12H; extended: 150--300mg daily.
Bupropion 90mg + naltrexone Smg. Adult, NOT/kg 1 tab in
am daily oral wk1, 1 tab 12H wk2, 2 tab in am+ 1 tab pm
wk3, 2 tab 12H from wk4 on.
Burrow's solution. See aluminium acetate soltn.
Buserelin. Adult, NOT/kg. Intranasal: 100mcg 4H, or 150 meg
each nostril SH. Prostate carcinoma: 0.5mg SH SC for 7
days, then 1 OOmcg dose of spray to each nostril x6/day.
Buspirone. 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 8-12H oral, incr to max
0.3mglkg (adult 15mg) 8-12H.
Busulfan. Induction: 0.06mg/kg (max 4mg) daily oral if leucocytes >20,000/rnm3 and platelets >100,000/mm3
. Maintcmance: 0.01-0.03rng/kg (max 2mg) daily.
Butabarbital. See secbutobarbitone.
Butalbital. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 8-24H oral.
Butenafine. 1% cream: apply 12-241-1 for 1-4wk.
Butobarbitone. 2-Amg/kg (adult 1 00-200rng) nocte oral.
Butoconazole. 2% vaginal cream: 5g (NOT/kg) nocte.
Butorphanol. IM: 0.02-0.1mg/kg (adult 1-4mg) 3-4H. IV: 0.01-
0.05mg/kg (adult 0.5-2mg) 3-41-1.
C1 esterase inhibitor. 1u =activity 1ml plasrna. Prophylaxis
(Cinryze): 10-50u/kg (adult 1 OOOu) IV over 1hr every 3-4
days. Treatment: 20u/kg IV (Berinert), 50u/kg (max 4200u)
(Ruconest) ..
Cabazitaxel. 25mg/m2 IV over 1 hr every 3wk.
Cabergoline. 10mcglkg/wk (adult 0.5mg) in 1-2 doses, incr if
reqd monthly by 10mcg/kg/wk to usually 20rncglkg/wk (adult
1 mg) in 1-4 doses, max 90rncg/kg/wk (adult 4.5rng). Inhibit
lactation: 1mg oral stat.
Cabozantinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg daily oral.
Caffeine citrate. 2rng citrate = 1 mg base. Neonate 20mg/kg
citrate stat, then 5-1 Orng/kg daily oral, IV. Adult 50--250mg
citrate 4-8H oral, IV. Level 5-30mg/L midway between doses.
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Caffeine 1 OOmg + ergotamine tartrate 1 mg tabs. Adult,
NOT/kg: 2 stat, then 1 Y,hrly if reqd (max 6/attack,10/wk).
Cake, diablo. Fan oven 180°e. Melt 180g dark cooking chocolate + 170g unsalted butter in double boiler. Off heat, mix in
4 well-whisked egg yolks, 170g sugar, 40g almond meal; sift
in 80g self-raising flour, mix. Fold in Y, of egg whites (beaten
stiff with pinch of salt); fold back into rest of beaten whites.
Put in buttered + floured 20cm tin, tap out air, bake 30min.
Calcifediol (25-0H 03). Deficiency: 1-2mcg/kg daily oral.
Calciferol (Vitamin 02). See ergocalciferol.
Calcipotriene. See calcipotriol.
Calcipotriol. 50mcg/g (0.005%) ointment: apply 12-24H. See
also betamethasone + calcipotriol ointment.
Calcitonin. Hypercalcaemia: 4u/kg 12··24H IM or se, may incr
up to Su/kg 6··12H. Paget's: 1.5-3u/kg (max 160u) x3/wk IM
or SC. Nasal spray: 200u daily.
Calcitriol (1,25-0H vitamin 03). Oral, IV. Renal failure, vit D
resistant rickets: 0.02mcg/kg (max 0.25mcg/kg) daily; adjust
every 2-4wk by Ca, phos, PTH alk pt10s. Post-dialysis (NOT
/kg): usually 0.25-2mcg x3/wk (monitor ea, phos, PTH).
Calcium (as carbonate, lactate or phosphate). NOT/kg.
Neonate: 50rng x4-6/day; 1 mo-3yr: 1 OOmg x2-5/day oral; 4-
12yr: 300mg x2-3/day; >12yr: 1000rng x1-2/day.
Calcium actelae. 667mg (169mg ea). x3 cap or tab SH oral
titrated to serum phosphate 1.1-1 .Smmoi/L.
Calcium carbimide. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100rng) 12H oral.
Calcium carbonate. Adult NOT/kg: 1250-1500mg (500-600
mg calcium) SH oral with meals for hyperphosphataemia.
Calcium chloride. 10% soltn (0.7mmol/ml Ca): 0.2ml/kg (max
10ml) slow IV stat. Requirement <16yr 2rnl/kg/day IV.
lnotrope: 0.03-0.12ml/kg/hr (0.5-2mmol/kg/day) via eve.
Calcium edetate (EDTA). See sodium calciurnedetate.
Calcium folinate. NOT/kg: 5-15mg oral, or 1mg IM or IV daily.
Rescue starting up to 24hr after methotrexate: 10-15 mg/rn2
6H for 36-48hr IV. Methotrexate toxicity: 100-1 000mg/m2 61-1
IV. Before a fluorouracil doso of 310 mg/m2
: 200mg/m2 IV
daily x5, repeat every 3-4wk.
Calcium gluconate. 10% soltn (0.22mmol/ml ea): 0.5ml/kg
(max 20m I) slow IV stat. Requirement <16yr 5rnl/kg/day IV.
lnotrope: 0.5-2mmol/kg/day (0. 1-0.4ml/kg/hr) via eve.
Calcium heparin. See heparin.
Calcium leucovorin. See calcium folinate.
Calcium levofolinate. Half the dose of calcium folinate.
Calcium polystyrene sulfonate (Calcium Resonium). 0.3-
0.6g/kg (adult 15-30g) GH NG (+ lactulose), f'R.
Calfactant. 35mg/rnl phosphlipids, 0.65mg/ml proteins: 1.5
ml/kg intratracheal gradually over 20-30 breaths during
inspiration with infant lying on one side, then another 1 .5
rnl/kg with infant lying on other side.
Canagliflozin. Adult, NOT/I<g: 1 00-300mg daily oral.
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Canagliflozin + metformin. 50/500mg, 50/1000, 150/500,
150/1000. 1 tab 12H oral.
Canakinumab. ;,7.5kg: 4mg/kg (max 300mg) SC every 4wk.
Candesartan. 0.1-0. 3mg/kg (adult 4-16mg) daily oral.
Cangrelor. 30mcg/kg bolus then 4mcg/kg/min IV for duration
of procedure (minimum 2hr).
Cannabidiol 25mg + delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol 27mg
per 10011L spray. Titrate over 2wk to max 12 sprays/day. to
different parts of oral mucosa; review response after 4wk.
Cannabis. See cannabidiol,dronabinol, nabilone, nabiximols~
Canrenoate. 3-Bmg/kg (adult 150-400mg) daily IV.
Capecitabine. 1250mgim' 12H oral for 2wk then 1wk off, in
3wk cycles.
Capreomycin. 20mg/kg (adult 1 g) IM daily, deer alter 2-4mo
to 2-3 times per wk.
Capsaicin. Cream 0.025%, 0.075% apply 6-BH. Postherpetic
neuralgia: 8% patch applied for 60min every 3mo.
Captopril. Beware hypotension. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 2.5-5mg) 8H
oral, incr if reqd to max 2mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8H. Less hypotension if mixed with NG feeds given continuously (or 1-2H).
Carbachol. 0.01%: max 0.5ml in anterior chamber of eye.
Carbamazepine. Zmg/kg (adult 100mg) 8H oral, may incr
over 2-4wk to 5-10mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 8H. Bipolar disorder (adult, NOT/kg): 200mg as slow-rei cap 12H oral, incr if
reqd to max 800mg 12H. Level 20-40umoi/L (x0.24=mg/L).
Carbaryl. 0.5% lotion: rub into hair, leave 12hr, shampoo.
Carbenicillin. 382mg tab, Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2 tab 4H oral.
Carbenoxolone. Adult, NOT/kg: 20-50mg 6H oral. Mouth gel
2%, or 2g granules in 40ml water, apply 6H.
Carbetocin. Adult, NOT/kg: 100mcg IV over 1min, or IM.
Carbidopa. See levodopa + carbidopa.
Carbimazole. 0.4mg/kg (adult 20mg) 8-12H oral for 2wk, then
0.1mg/l<g (adult 5-10mg) 8-24H.
Carbinoxamine. NOT/kg: 2mg (1-3yr), 2-4mg (3-6yr), 4-8mg
(>6yr) 6-BH oral.
Carbocisteine.10-15mg/kg (adult 500-750mg) 8H oral.
Carbomer. 0.2% gel: 1 drop per eye x3-4/day.
Carboplatin. 300-400mg/m2 IV over 60min every 4wk.
Carboprost (15-Me-PGF2-alpha). Termination (NOT/kg):
250-500mcg 1-4H (max total 12mg) IM. Postpartum hge
(NOT/kg): 250mcg every 15-120min IM (max total 12mg).
Carfilzomib. 20mg/m2 IV over 1Om in on days 1 ,2,8,9, 15,16
then 12 day rest; incr to 27mg/m2 (max 60mg) if tolerated.
Carglumic acid. 50mg/kg 12H oral, incr to 6H if reqd; titrate
dose to plasma ammonia concentration.
Cariprazine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1.5mg incr to max 6mg daily oral.
Carisoprodol. 7rng/kg (adult 350rng) 6H oral.
Carmustine (BCNU). 200mg/m2 IV over 2hr every 6wk
(reduce if leucocytes <3000/mm' or platelets <75,000).
Wafers: implant 8 x 7.7mg wafers (total 61.6mg) at surgery.
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Carnitine, L form. IV: 5-15mg/kg (max 1g) 6H. Oral: 25mg/kg
6-12H (max 400mg/kg/day).
Carob bean gum (Carobellnstant). NOT/kg: 1 scoop (1.8g)
in 1 OOml water, give 1 0-20ml by spoon; or add half a scoop
to every 1 00-200ml of milk.
Carteolol. 0.05-0.2mg/kg (adult 2.5-10mg) daily oral. 1%,2%:
1drop/eye 12H.
Carvedilol. 0.1mg/kg (adult 3.125mg) 12H oral; if tolerated
incr by 0.1 mg/kg (adult 3.125mg) every 1-2wk to max 0.5-
0.8mg/kg (adult 25mg) 12H.
Casanthranol + docusate sodium. Cap 30/1 OOmg (NOT/kg):
adult 1-2cap 12-24H oral. Syrup 2/4mg per ml (NOT/kg):
child 5-15ml bedtime, adult 15-30mi12-24H.
Caspofungin. 70mg/m2 (max 70mg) day 1, then <3mo 25
mg/m2
, <:3mo 50mg/m2 (max 50mg) daily IV over 1hr. Severe
inftn <:3mo: 70mg/m2 (max 70mg) daily IV over 1 hr.
Catumaxomab. Adult, NOT/kg. Intraperitoneal infsn over 6hr:
1 Omcg day 1, 20mcg day 3, 50 meg day 7, 150mcg day1 0.
Cefaclor. 10-15mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 8H oral; 12H used in
some mild infectns. Slow release tab 375mg (adult, NOT/kg):
1-2 tab 12H oral.
Cefadroxil. 15-25mg/kg (adult 0.5-1 g) 12H oral.
Cefalexin, See cephalexin.
Cefalotin. 25mg/kg (max 1g) 6H IV, IM. Serious inftn: 25
mg/kg (max 1g) 3-41-1 IV.
Cefamandole. See cepharnandole.
Cefazolin. See cephazolin.
Cefdinir. 14mg/kg (adult 600rng) daily (or 2 div doses) oral .
Cefditoren. 4-8mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 12H oral.
Cefepime. 25mg/kg (adult 1 g) 12H IV, IM. Severe inftn: 50
mg/kg (adult 2g) IV 81-1 or constant infsn.
Cefixime. 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 12-24H oral.
Cefodizime. 25mg/kg (max 1g) 12H IV or IM.
Cefonicid. 15-50rng/kg (adult 0.5-2g) IV or IM daily.
Cefoperazone. 25-60mg/kg (max 1-3g) 6-121-1 IV in 1hr or IM.
Cefotaxime. 25mg/kg (adult 1g) 121-1 (<4wk), 81-1 (4+wk) IV.
Severe inftn: 50rng/kg (adult 2-3g) IV 121-1 (preterm), 8H (1st
wk life). 6H (2-4 wk), 4-61-1 or constant infsn (4+ wk).
Cefotetan. 25mg/kg (adult 1g) 12H IM, IV. Severe inftn:
50mg/kg (max 2-3g) 12H or constant infsn.
Cefoxitin. 20-40rnglkg (rnax 2g) 12H (1st wk life), 81-1 (1-4wk),
6-SH (>4wk) IV. Severe inftn: 50mglkg (max 3g) 61-1 IV.
Surgery: 40rng/kg (max 2g) at induction anaesthesia.
Cefpirome. 25-50mg/kg (adult 1-2g) 12H IV.
Cefpodoxime. 5mg/kg (adult 100-200rng) 12H oral.
Cefprozil. 15mg/kg (adult 500rng) 12-24H oral.
Cefradine. See cephradine.
Ceftaroline. 15mg/kg (adult 600mg) 121-1 IV over 1 hr.
Ceftazidirne. 25mglkg (adult 0.5-1g) 12H (1" wk life), 81-1 IV,
IM. Severe inftn, cystic fib: 50rnglkg (max 2g) 6H (4+ wk).
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Ceftazidime 2g + avibactam 0.5g. 50mg/kg ceftazidime 8H
IV over 2hr. Add metronidazole for abdominal inftn.
Ceftibuten. 10mg/kg (adult 400mg) daily oral.
Ceftizoxime. 25-60mg/kg (adult 1-3g) 6-8H IV.
Ceftolozane 1g + tazobactam 0.5g. IV over 1hr: <3mo 12/6
mg/kg 6-8H, 3mo-11yr 18/9 mg/kg 6-8H, ;;o12yr 1g/0.5g 8H.
Ceftriaxone. <:4wk: 5Q .. 75mg/kg (adult 1-2g) daily IV, IM (in
1% lignoc). Severe inftn: 50mg/kg (max 2g) 12H. Epiglottitis:
1 OOmg/kg (max 2g) stat, then 50mg/kg (max 2g) after 24hr.
Meningococ proph (NOT/kg): child 125mg, >12yr 250mg IM
in 1% lig once. H.infproph: 50mg/kg (max 1g) IM in 1% lig
once. Ganoe conj: 50mg/kg (max 1 g) IM in 1% lig daily x2.
Cefuroxime. Oral: 10-15mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 12H. IV:
25mg/kg (adult 1g) SH. Severe inftn: 50mg/kg (max 2g) IV
12H (1st wk life), SH (2nd wk), 6H or constant infsn (>2wk).
Celecoxib. Usually 2mg/kg (adult 100rng) 12H, or 4rng/kg
(adult 200mg) daily oral. Familial adenornatous polyposis
(adult, NOT/kg): 400rng 12H oral.
Celiprolol. 5-1 Orng/l<g (adult 200-400rng) daily oral.
Cephalexin. Skin or UTI: 12.5mg/1<9 (max 500mg) 6H, or
25mg/kg (max 1 g) 12H oral. Systemic inftn; 25mg/kg (max
1g) 6H. Prophylaxis: 12.5 mg/l<g (max 250mg) at night.
Cephalothin. 15-25mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 6H IV or IM. Severe
inftn: 50mg/kg (max 2g) IV 4H or constant infsn. Irrigation
fluid: 2g/L (2mg/ml).
Cephamandole. 15-25mg/kg (adult 0.5 .. 1g) 6-BH IV over
10min or IM. Severe inftn: 40mg/kg (adult 2g) IV over 20min
4-6H or constant infsn.
Cephazolin. 10-15mg/kg (max 1g) 8H IV or IM. Severe inftn:
50mg/kg (max 2g) IV 6H or constant infsn. Surgical proph:
50mg/kg (max 2g) IV at induction.
Cephradine. Oral: 10-25mg/kg (adult 0.25-1g) 6H. IM or IV:
25-50mgll<g (adult 1-2g) 61-1.
Ceritinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 750mg oral daily.
Certolizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg SC every 2wk for 3
doses, then every 4wl< if response.
Certoparin. Prophylaxis: 60u/kg (adult 3000u) 1-2hr preop,
then daily SC.
Cerumol. See arachis oil +chlorbutol + dichlorobenzene otic.
Cetirizine. NOT/kg: 2.5mg (6mo-2yr), 2.5-5mg (2-5yr), 5-10
mg (>5yr) daily oral.
Cetrimide. See chlorhexidine.
Cetrorelix (GnRH antagonist). Adult, NOT/I<g: 0.25mg SC on
stimulation day 5, then daily until hCG given.
Cetuxirnab. 400mg/m2 IV over 2hr, then 250mg/m2 wkly.
Cetylpyridinium. See benzocaine + cetylpyridinium.
Cevimeline. 0.6mg/kg (adult 30mg) 8H oral.
Charcoal, activated. 1-2g/kg (adult 50-100(J) NG; then
0.25g/k>J hrly if reqd. Laxative: sorbitol 1 g/kg (1.4ml/kg of
70%) once NCo, rnay repeat x 1 .
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Chenodeoxycholic acid. 5-10mg/kg 12H oral.
Chickenpox vaccine. See varicella vaccine.
Chlomethiazole. See clomethiazole.
Chloral betaine. 1.7mg = 1 mg chloral hydrate.
Chloral hydrate. Hypnotic: 50mg/kg (max 2g) stat (ICU up to
1 OOmg/l<g, max 5g). Sedative: 1 Omg/kg 6-SH oral or PR.
Chlorambucil. Typically 0.1-0.2mg/kg daily oral.
Chloramphenicol. Severe inftn: 40mg/kg (max 2g) stat IV, IM
or oral; then 25mg/kg (max 1 g) daily (1st wk life) 12H (2-4
wk) 8H (>4wk) x5 days, then GH. Eye drop, oint: apply 2-6H.
Ear: 4drop 6H. Serum level20-30mg/L 2hr, <15mg/L trough.
Chlorbutol. See arachis oil + chlorbutol + dichlorobenzene.
Chlordiazepoxide. 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 12H oral, may incr
to max 0.5mg/kg (adult 30mg) 6-8H.
Chlorhexidine. 0. 'I%: catheterisation prep, impetigo. 0.2%:
mouthwash. 1%: skin disinfection. 2-4%: hand wash.
Chlorhexidine 0.5% + alcohol 70%. Skin disinfection.
Chlorhexidine + cetrimide. 0.05%/0.5%, 0.1%/1%,
0.15%/0.15% soltn: wound cleaning.
Chlorhexidine 1.5% + cetrimide 15%. 1/30 in water: cleaning
tissues, wounds or equipment. 140m! in 1 L water: disinfecting skin, equipment (soak 2m in, rinse in sterile water).
Chlorhexidine 1% + hexamidine 0.15%. Powder: wounds.
Chlormethiazole. See clornethiazole.
Chlormezanone. 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 6-SH, or 10mg/kg
(adult 400mg) at night oral.
Chlorophyllin copper complex. 2mg/kg 8-24H oral.
Chloroprocaine. Max 11 mg/kg (max 800mg). With adrenaline
(1/200,000) max 14mg/kg (max 1000mg).
Chloroquine, base. Oral: 10mg/kg (max 600mg) daily x3
days. IM: 4mg/kg (max 300mg) 12H for 3 days. Prophylaxis:
5mg/kg (adult 300mg) oral x1/wk. Lupus, rheu arth: 12mg/kg
(max 600mg) daily, reduce to 4-Srng/kg (max 400mg) daily.
Chloroquine+ pyrimethamine + sulphadoxine. Chloroquine
base 1 Omg/kg (max 600mg) daily for 3 days oral, plus
pyrimethamine 1.25mg/kg (max 75mg) and sulphadoxine 25
rng/kg (max 1.5g) on first day.
Chlorothiazide. 5-20mg/kg (adult 0.25-1g) 12-24H oral, IV.
Chlorphenamine. See chlorpheniramine.
Chlorphenasin. 1% ointment: apply 12H.
Chlorpheniramine. 0.1 mg/l<g (adult 4mg) 6-SH oral.
Chlorpheniramine 10mg +ephedrine 15mg. NOT/kg slowrelease: 1 tab 12-24H.
Chlorpheniramine 4mg + hydrocodone 5mg. NOT/kg: 1 tab
6H oral.
Chlorpheniramine 1.25mg +phenylephrine 2.5mg in 5ml.
Syrup (NOT/kg): 1.25-2.5ml (0-1yr), 2.5-5ml (2-5yr), 5-10mi
(6-12yr), 10-15ml (>12yr) 6-SH oral.
Chlorpheniramine + pseudoephedrine. 2/30mg in 5ml.
NOT/kg: 2.5ml (2-6yr) £irnl (6-12yr) 10ml (>12yr) 8H.
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Chlorpromazine. Oral or PR: 0.5-2mg/kg (max 100mg) 6-8H;
up to 20mg/kg BH for psychosis. IM (painful) or slow IV
(beware hypotension): 0.25-1 mg/kg (usual max 50mg) 6-81-1.
Chlorpropamide. Adult. NOT/kg: initially 125-250mg oral,
max 500mg daily.
Chlorquinaldol. 5% paste: apply 121-1.
Chlortalidone. See chlorthalidone.
Chlortetracycline. 3% cream or ointment: apply 8-241-1.
Chlortetracycline 115.4mg + demeclocycline 69.2mg +
tetracycline 115.4mg. NOT/kg. >12yr: 1 tab 121-1 oral.
Chlorthalidone. 2mg/kg (max 1 OOmg) 3 times a wk oral.
Chlor:zoxazone. 5-15mg/kg (adult 250-750mg) 6-81-1 oral.
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3). 1 meg = 40u = 1 meg ergocalciferol (qv). Osteodystrophy: 0.2rncg/kg (hepatic) 15-
40rncg/kg (renal) daily oral.
Cholera (Vaxchora). Live. 1 B-64yr: single oral dose protects
for at least 6mo.
Cholera, whole cell plus toxin b subunit recombinant
vaccine (Dukoral). Inanimate. Dissolve granules in 150m!
water. 2-6yr: give 75rnl x3 doses 1wk apart oral, boost after
6rno. >6yr: give 150m! x2 doses 1 wk apart, boost after 2yr .
Cholestyramine. NOT/kg. 1g (<6yr) 2-4g (6··12yr) 4g (>12yr)
daily oral, incr over 4wk to max 1-2x initial dose BH.
Cholic acid. 1 0-15mg/kg in 1-2 divided doses oral.
Choline magnesium trisalicylate. See aspirin.
Choline salicylate, mouth gel (Bonjela). Apply 31-1 prn.
Choline theophyllinate (200mg =theophylline 127mg). See
theophylline.
Choriogonadotropin alta. Adult, NOT/kg: 250rncg SC.
Chorionic gonadotrophin. NOT/kg. Cryptorchidism all ages:
500-1000u x1-2/wk for 5wk. After FSH: 10,000iu IM once.
Men: 7000iu IM x2/wk, with 75iu FSH and 75iu LH IM x3/wk.
Chymopapain. Adult, NOT/kg: 2000-4000 picokatal units per
disc, max 10,000 picokatal units per patient.
Ciclesonide.lnhaltn 80-160mcg (6-12yr) 80-320mcg (>12yr)
12-241-1. Nasal >5yr: pump 2 spray (100mcg) or aerosol1
spray (37mcg) per nostril once daily.
Ciclopirox. 1% cream, lotion: 121-1; 8% lacquer daily for 48wk.
Ciclosporin. See cyclosporin.
Cidofovir. 5mg/kg IV over 1 hr, in 1wk, then every 2wk; 20
rnl/kg fluid IV before and after infsn, probenecid 1-1.25mg/m2
3hr before infsn and 1 hr and 8hr after. Papilloma: inj 6.25
mg/rnl soltn (max total 0.6rng/kg) ;;:2wl<ly.
Cilazapril. Usually 0.02-0.1mg/kg (adult 1-5rng) daily oral.
Renal hypertension: 0.005-0.01mg/kg daily oral.
Cilostazol. Adult, NOT/kg: 100mg 12H oral.
Cimetidine. Oral: 5-10rng/kg (adult 300-AOOmg) 61-1, or 20
mg/kg (adult 800mg) nocte. IV: 10-15mg/kg (adult200mg)
12H (newborn), 6H (>4wk).
Cinacalcet. Adult, NOT/kg 30mg daily oral, incr every 2-4wk
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(to max 180mg) to control parathyroid hormone level. Parathyroid carcinoma: 30mg 12H, incr every 2-4wk if reqd to
control serum Ca to max 90mg 6H oral.
Cinchocaine. Max dose 2mg/kg (0.4ml/kg of 0.5%) by injection. Oint 0.5% with hydrocortisone 0.5%: apply 8-24H.
Cinnarizine. 0.3-0.6mg/kg (adult 15-30mg) BH oral. Periph
vase dis: 1.5mg/kg (adult 75mg) BH oral.
Cinnarizine 20mg + dimenhydrinate 40mg. Adult 1 tab BH.
Cinoxacin. 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 12H oral.
Ciprofibrate. 2-4mg/l<g (adult 1 00-200mg) daily oral.
Ciprofloxacin. 1 0··15mg/kg (max 500mg) 12H oral, 1 Omg/kg
(adult 200-300mg) 12H IV. Severe inftn, or cystic fibrosis:
20mg/kg (max 750mg) 12H oral, 1 Omg/kg (max 400mg) 8H
IV; higher doses used occasionally. Meningococcus proph:
15mg/kg (max 500mg) once oral.
Ciprofloxacin, eye drops. 0.3%. Corneal ulcer: 1drop /15min
for 6hr then 1drop/30min for 18hr (day 1 ), 1drop 1 H (day 2),
1drop 4H (day 3-14). Conjunctivitis: 1 drop 4H; if severe 1
drop 2H when awake for 2 days, then 6H.
Ciprofloxacin, eye ointment. 0.3%. Apply 1.25cm BH for 3
days, then 12H for 3 or more days.
Ciprofloxacin, otic. 6%. Suction effusion, then inject 0.1 ml
(6mg) into middle ear before inserting tympanostomy tube.
Cisapride. 0.2mg/kg (max 10mg) 6-8H oral.
Cisatracurium. 0.1mgil<g (child) or 0.15mg/kg (adult) IV stat,
then 0.03mg/kg if reqd or 1-3mcg/kg/min. ICU: 0.15 mg/kg
stat, then (1-10mcg/kg/min) IV.
Cisplatin. 60-100mg/m2 1V over 6hr every 3-4wk x6 cycles.
Citalopram. 0.4mg/kg (adult 20mg) daily, incr if reqd over 4wk
to max 0.4mg/kg (adult 60rng) daily oral.
Citric acid 0.25g + potassium citrate 1.5g. Urine alkalinisation >6yr (NOT/kg): 2 tab 8-12H oral.
Cladribine. Hairy cellleuk: usually 0.09mg/kg/day for 7 days
by continuous IV infsn. Ch lymph leuk: 0.12mg/kg/day over
2hr IV on days 1-5 of 28 day cycle, max 6 cycles.
Clarithromycin. 7.5-15mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 12H oral.
Slow release tab, Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5g or 1g daily. H.pylori,
see omeprazole.
Clavulanic acid. See amoxycillin, ticarcillin.
Clemastine. 0.02-0.06mg/kg (adult 1-3mg) 12H oral.
Clenbuterol. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mcg (up to 40mcg) 12H oral.
Clevidipine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1rng/hr incr every 5min to 4-
6mg/hr (max 16mg/hr) IV.
Clidinium. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg (adult 2.5-5mg) 6-8H oral.
Clindamycin. 6rng/kg (adult 150-450mg) 61-1 oral. IV, IM: 5
mg/kg 121-1 (preterm <1wk old), 5mg/kg 8H (preterm >1wk,
term <1wk), 7.5mg/kg 8H (term >1wk), >28 days 10mg/kg
(adult 600mg) 81-1. Severe inftn (>28 days): 15-20 mg/kg
(adult 900mg) 8H IV over 1 hr. Malaria: 1 Omg/kg stat then 5
mg/kg 8H IV or 7mg/kg 8H oral x7days. Acne soltn 1%: 12H.
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Clindamycin 1.2% + tretinoin 0.025%. Acne gel: apply daily.
Clioquinol. 10mg/g cream, 100% powder: apply 6--12H.
Clioquinol1% + flumetasone 0.02%. 2-3 drops/ear 8-12H.
Clioquinol 1% + hydrocortisone 1% cream. Apply 8-2.4H.
Clobazam. 0.1mg/kg (adult 10mg) daily oral, incr if reqd to
max 0.4mg/kg (max 30mg) 12H oral.
Clobetasol. 0.05% spray, cream, ointment, gel, solution,
foam, lotion, shampoo: apply 12H.
Clobetasone. 0.1% soltn: 1 drop/eye 1-61-1.
Clocortolone. Cream 0.1%: apply 81-1.
Clodronate. 10-30mg/kg (adult 0.6-1.8g) IV over 2hr every
2mo; or 6mg/kg (adult 300mg) IV over 2hr daily x'T days,
then 15-30/mg/kg (adult 0.8-1.6g) 12H oral.
Clofarabine. 52mg/rn2 IV over 2hr for 5 days every 2-6wk.
Clofazirnine. 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) daily oral. Lepra reaction:
up to 6mg/kg (max 300rng) daily for max 3mo.
Clofibrate. 10mg/kg 8-12H oral.
Clomethiazole. Cap (192mg base) equivalent action to 5ml
syrup (250mg edisilate). Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2 cap, or 5-10rnl
syrup, at bedtime oral. Alcohol withdrawal: IV (edisylate
0.8%): 1-2ml/kg (8-16 mg/kg) over 15min, then 0.5-1ml/kg/hr
(4-Bmglkglhr); capsule 192 mg base, Adult, NOT/kg: 2-4cap
stat (may repeat in 1-2hr), then 1-2cap SH, oral.
Clomiphene. Adult, NOT/kg: 50mg daily for 5 days oral, incr
to 1 OOrng daily for 5 days if no ovulation.
Clomipramine. 0.5-1rng/l<g (adult 25-50mg) 12H oral, incr if
reqd to rnax 2mglkg (adult 100mg) 81-1.
Clonazeparn. 1 drop= 0.1mg. 0.01mg/kg (max 0.5mg) 12H
oral, slowly incr to 0.1 mglkg (max 5mg) 6-12H oral. Status
(may be repeated if ventilated), NOT/kg: neonate 0.25mg,
child 0.5mg, adult 1 rng IV; reapeat after 15min if reqd.
Clonidine. Hypertension: 1-5rncg/l<g slow IV, 1-6mcglkg
(adult 50-300mcg) 8-12H oral. Migraine: start with 0.5mcglkg
(adult 50-75mcg) 12H oral. AOHD (NOT/kg): 0.1mg daily
ER-tab oral, incr to max 0.2mg 121-1. Analgesia: 2.5mcg/kg
premed oral, 0.3mcg/kg/hr IV, 1-2mcg/kg local block; ventld
0.5-2mcg/kg/hr <12kg put 50mcg/kg in 50rnl saline at 0.5-
2ml/hr, >12kg put 25mcg/kg in 50ml saline at 1-4ml/hr.
Clopamide 5mg + pindolol10mg. Adult: 1-2 tab (max 3 tab)
daily oral.
Clopidogrel. Child 0.2rng/kg daily, adult 75rng daily oral (note
higher dose in adults). Poor converters to active form (15-
30% CYP2C19 variant) need higher doses, or pasugrel.
Clorazepate. 0.3-2mg/kg (adult 15-90rng) daily at night oral,
or 0.1-0.Smg/kg (adult 5-30rng) SH.
Clostridia antitoxin. See gas gangrene antitoxin.
Ciotrirnazole. Topical: 1% cream or solution 8--12H. Vaginal
(NOT/kg): 1% crearn or 100mg tab daily for 6 days, or 2%
cream or 500mg tab daily for 3 days. Oral candida (NOT/kg):
10mg lozenge dissolved in rnouth x5/day for 14 days.
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Cloxacillin. 15mg/kg (adult 500mg) 6H oral, IM or IV. Severe
inftn: 25-50mg/kg (adult 1-2g) IV 12H (1st wk life), 8H (2-
4wk), 4-6 H (>4wk) or constant infsn (>4wk).
Clozapine. 0.5mg/kg (max 25mg) daily oral, incr over2--3wk to
5mg/kg (max 200mg) daily; max 5rng/kg (adult 300rng) 12H.
Coal tar, topical. 0.5% incr to max 10%, applied 6-SH.
Cobicistat. Adult, NOT/kg: 150rng daily oral. See atazanavir,
darunavir.
Cobicistat 150mg + elvitegravir 150mg + emtricitabine 200
mg + (tenofoviralafenamide 10mg or tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate 300mg). Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Cobimetinib. Adult, NOT/I<g: 60mg daily for 21 of every 28
day cycle oral with vemurafenib.
Cocaine. Topical: 1-3mg/l<g.
Co-cyprindiol. See cyproterone acetate + ethinyloestradiol.
Co-da nth ramer, co-danthrusate. See dantron.
Codeine. Inactive in ~1 0% of adults, poor activity in children
<5yrs. Analgesic: 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 15-60mg) 4-6H oral, IM,
SC. Cough: 0.25-0.5mg/kg (adult 15-30mg) 6H.
Codeine+ guaiacol. 7mg/75mg per 5ml. Adult, NOT/kg: 1Om I
8H oral.
Co-dergocrine mesylate. Adult, NOT/kg: 3-4.5rng doily
before meal oral or subling; 300mcg daily IM, SC or IV infsn.
Coenzyme Q1 0. See ubidecarenone.
Colaspase. Test 2-50u intradermal. Typical dose 6000u/m2
every 3rd day x9 doses IV over 411r, IM or SC.
Colchicine. Acute gout: 0.02mg/kg (adult 1 mg) 2H oral (max
3 doses/day). Chronic use (gout, FMF): 0.01-0.04mg/kg
(adult 0.5-2rng) daily oral.
Colecalciferol. 1mcg = 40iu. NOT/kg. 25mcg (<12mo) 75-100
rncg (>12mo) daily oral. Prophylaxis: 10rncg daily oral.
Colesevelam. 625mg tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 3 tab 12H oral, or 6
tab daily. With stalin: 4-6 tab/day (in 1-2 doses).
Colestipol hydrochloride. 0.1-0.Zg/kg (adult 5-10g) 8H oral.
Colestyramine. See cholestyrarnine.
Colfosceril palmitate (Exosurf Neonatal). Soltn 13.5 rng/rnl.
Prophylaxis: 5ml/kg intratracheal over 5rnin straight after
birth, and at 12hr and 24hr if still ventilated. Rescue: 5ml/kg
intratracheal over 5min, repeat in 12hr if still ventilated.
Colistimethate. See colistin sulfomethate sodium.
Colistin sulphomethate sodium. 2.6mg = 1 rng colistin base
= 30,000u. IM, or IV over 5min: 40,000u/kg (adult 2 million u)
8H, or 1.25-2.5mg/kg of colistin base 12H. Oral or inhaled:
30,000-60,000 u/kg (adult 1.5-3 million u) BH.
Colistin 3mg/ml +neomycin 3.3mg/ml. Otic: 4 drops 8H.
Collagenase. Ointment 250u/g: apply daily.
Colonic lavage, macrogol-3350 and macrogol-4000
(polyethylene glyol) 105g/L. Poisoning, severe constipation: if bowel sounds present, 25ml/kg/hr (adult 1.5Uhr) oral
or NG for 2--4hr (until metal effluent clear). 13efore colo nos--
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copy: clear fluids only to noon, 1 whole 5mg bisacodyl tab
per 10kg (adult 4 tab) at noon, wait for bowel motion (max
6hr), then macrogol 4g/kg (adult 200g) in 40ml/kg fluid (adult
2L) over 2hr oral or NG. See Macrogol 3350 in Gatorade.
Colony stimulating factors. See ancestrim, epoetin, filgrastim, lenograstim, molgramostim, sargramostim.
Coloxyl. See docusate sodium.
Conestat alfa. SOu/kg (max 4200u) IV, may repeat in 24hr.
Conivaptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg over 30min IV, then 20mg
(max 40mg) over 24hr by IV infusion.
Conjugated oestrogens (CO) + medroxyprogesterone
(MP). NOT/kg. CO (NOT/kg): 0.625mg (Q.3 .. 1.25mg) daily
continuously, with MP 1 Omg (up to 20mg) daily oral for last
10-·14 days of 28 day cycle.
Corifollitropin alta. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 OOmcg (:S60kg) 150mcg
(>60kg) SC, GnRH day 5-6, FSH for 6-18 days from day 8.
Corticorelin. 1-2mcg/kg (max 100mcg) IV.
Corticotrophin releasing factor, hormone. See corticorelin.
Cortisone acetate. 1-2.5mg/kg 6-81-1 oral. Physiological: 7.5
mg/m2 81-1. Cortisone acetate 1 mg =hydrocortisone 1.25mg
in mineralo- and gluco-corticoid action.
Cosyntropin (ACTH subunit). NOT/kg: <2yr 0.125mg, >2yr
0.25-0. 75mg IM, IV, or infused over 4-8hr.
Cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim 1mg: sulphamethoxazole
5mg). TMP 4mg/l<g (adult 80-16Dmg) 12H IV over 1hr or
oral. Renal proph: TMP 2mg/kg (max 80mg) daily oral. P
jirovecii: proph TMP Smg/kg daily on 3 days/wk; treatment
(Siber, Rev Infect Dis 1982;4:566-78) TMP 250mg/m2 stat,
then 150mg/m2 8H (<11yr) or 12H (> 10yr) IV in 5%0 over
1 hr; in renal failure dose interval (hr) = serum creatinine
(mmoi/L) x 135 (max 48hr); 1hr post-infsn serum TMP 5-10
mcg/ml, SMX 1 00-200mcg/ml. IV infsn: TMP max 1.6 mg/ml
in 5%0 via central line.
Coumarin. Oral: 1-8mg/kg (adult 50-400mg) daily. Cream
100mg/g: apply 8-12H.
Coxiella burnetti vaccine. Inanimate. 0.5ml SConce.
Crisantaspase. See colaspase.
Crizotinib. Adult, NOT/kg 250mg 12H oral.
Crofelemer. Adult, NOT/kg: 125mg slow-rei tab 12H oral.
Cromoglycate. Inhalation (incr to 3-41-1 if severe): 1 cap
(20mg) 6-81-1, 2ml soltn (20mg) 6-81-1, aerosoi10-20mg 6-8H.
Eye drops 2%: 1 drop/eye 4-61-1. Oral: 5-10mg/kg (max 200
mg) 6H oral. Nasal 2% or 4%: 1 dose to each nostril 3-121-1.
Cromolyn, sodium. See sodium cromoglycate.
Crotamiton. 10% cream or lotion: apply x2-3/day.
Cryoprecipitate. Low factor 8: 1 u/kg incr activity 2% (half life
12hr); usual dose 5ml/kg or 1 bag/4kg 12H IV for 1-2 infsn
(muscle, joint), 3-6 infsn (hip, forearm, retroperitoneal, oropharynx), 7-14 infsn (intracranial). Low fibrinogen: usually
5mllkg or 1 bag/4kg IV. Bag usually 20-30ml: factor 8 about
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5u/ml (100u/bag), fibrinogen about 10mg/ml (200mg/bag).
Cyanocobalamin (Vit 812). 20mcg/kg (adult 1000mcg) IM
daily for 7 days then wkly (treatment), monthly (prophylaxis).
IV dangerous in megaloblastic anaemia. Maintenance treatment (adult NOT/kg): 50-150mcg daily oral; 50mcg (incr if
reqd to 1 OOmcg) daily nasal, or 500mcg wkly nasal. Transcobalamin II deficiency: 1 OOOmcg x3/wk for 1 yr, then wkly.
Cyclizine. 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) SH orai,IM,IV. See morphine.
Cyclizine 30mg + dipipanone 10mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab
6H oral, incr by Y, tab if reqd to max 3 tab 6H.
Cyclizine 50mg +ergotamine 2mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab
stat, then %-1 every 30min; max 4/attack, 6/wk.
Cyclobenzaprine. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 5-15mg) SH oral.
Extended-release (adult, NOT/kg): 15mg or 30mg daily oral.
Cyclopenthiazide. 5-1 Omcg/kg (adult 250-500mcg) 12-24H .
Cyclopentojate. 0.5%, 1%: 1 drop/eye, repeat after 5min.
Pilocarpine 1% speeds recovery.
Cyclophosphamide. A typical regimen is 600mg/m2 IV over
30min daily for 3 days, then 600mg/m2 IV wkly or 1 Omg/kg
twice wkly (if leucocytes >3000/mm3
).
Cycloserine. 5-10mg/kg (adult 250--500mg) 12H oral. Keep
plasma cone <30mcg/ml.
Cyclosporin. 1-3mcg/kg/min IV for 24-48hr, then 5-Smg/kg
12H reducing by 1 mg/kg/dose each mo to 3-4 mg/kg/dose
12H oral. Eczema, juvenile arthritis, nephritic synd, psoriasis:
1.25-2.5mg/kg 12H oral. Usual target trough levels by Abbott
TDx monoclonal specific assay (x 2.5 = non-specific assay
level) on whole blood: 100-250 ng/ml (marrow), 300-400
ng/ml first 3mo then 100-300 ng/ml (kidney), 200-250 first
3mo then 100-125 (liver), 1 00-400ng/ml (heart, lung).
Cyclosporin ophthalmic. 0.05% 1 drop in each eye 12H.
Cyclosporine. See cyclosporin.
Cyproheptadine. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 4mg) 6-BH oral. Migraine
0.1 mg/kg (adult 4mg), repeated in 30m in if reqd.
Cyproterone. 1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8-12H oral. Prec puberty:
25-50mg/m2 8-12H oral. Hyperandrogenism: 50-100mg daily
days 5-14, with oestradiol valerate 1mg daily days 5-25.
Prostate carcinoma (NOT/I<g): 100mg 8-12H oral. See also
oestradiol + cyproterone.
Cyproterone 2mg + ethinyloestradiol 35mcg x 21 tab, + 7
inert tab. In females for acne, contraception, or hirsutism: 1
tab daily, starting 1st day of mensturation.
Cysteamine. 0.05mg/m2 6H oral, incr over 6wk to 0.33
mg/m2
/dose (<50kg) or 0.5m~/kg/dose (>50kg) 6H.
Cytarabine. Usually 1 OOmg/m· daily for 10 days by IV injn or
constant infsn. Intrathecal: 30mg/m2 every 4 days until CSF
normal (dissolve in saline not diluent).
Cytomegalovirus immunoglobn. See immunoglobn, CMV.
Dabigatran. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg 12H or 220mg daily oral.
Dabrafenib. Adult, NOT/kg 150mg 12H oral with trametinib.
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Dacarbazine. 250mg/m2 IV daily for 5 days every 3wl<, or
1000mg/m2 IV every 3wk.
Daclatasvir. Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg + sofosbuvir 400mg ±
ribavirin daily oral12wk (24wk if cirrhosis). See asunaprevir.
Daclizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg every month SC.
Dactinomycin. Usually 400-600mcg/m2 IV daily for 5 days,
repeat after 3-4wk.
Dalbavancin. 15rng/kg (adult 1g) IV over 30min, then 7.5
mg/kg (adult 0.5g) 1 wk later.
Dalfampridine. Slow release (adult, NOT/kg): 10rng 12H oral.
Dalfopristin 350mg + quinupristin 150mg (Synercid IV).
7.5mg/kg (combined) 8H IV over 1 hr.
Dalteparin sodium. Proph (adult): 2500-5000u SC 1-2hr
preop, then daily. Venous thrombosis: 1 OOu/kg 12H SC, or
infuse 200u/kg/day IV (anti-Xa 0.5-1u/ml4hr post dose).
Haernodialysis: 5-1 Ou/kg stat, then 4-5u/kg/hr IV (acute renal
failure, anti-Xa 0.2-0.4u/ml); 30-40u/kg stat, then 10-15
u/kg/hr (chronic renal failure, anti-Xa 0.5-1 u/rnl).
Danaparoid. Prevention: 15u/kg (adult 750u) 12H SC.
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia: 30u/kg stat IV, then 1.2·
2u/l<g/rlr to maintain anti-Xa 0.4-0.Bu/rnl.
Danazol. 2-4mg/kg (adult 100-200mg) 6-121"1 oral.
Dantro len e. Hyperpyrexia: 1 rng/kg/rnin until improves (max
1 Orng/kg), then 1-2rng/kg 6H for 1 "3day IV or oral. Spasticity:
0.5m(J/kg (adult 25rng) 6H, incr over 2wk if roqd to 3mg/kg
(adult 50-1 OOmg) 6H oral.
Dantron + docusate (co-danthrusate). NOT/kg. 50/60mg
cap: 7 -12yr 1 cap, adult 1-3cap at nigl1t 50/60rng in 5rnl: 1-
6yr 2.5ml, 7-12yr 5rnl, adult 5·15ml at night.
Dantron + poloxamer 188 (co-danthramer). NOT/kg. 25/
200mg cap: 7-12yr 1cap, adult 1-3cap at night. 25/200rng in
5ml: 1-6yr 2.5rnl, 7-12yr 5ml, adult 5-15rnl at night.
Dapagliflozin. Adult, NOT/kg: 5-10rng daily oral.
Dapagliflozin + metforrnin. 5/500, 5/1000, 10/500,
10/1 OOOrng ER tabs" 1 ER tab 12H daily oral.
Dapoxetine. NOT/kg: 30rng 1-3hr before sex, rnax x1/day.
Dapsone. 2mg/kg (<10yr) 50rng (10-15yr) 100rng (>15yr)
daily oral. P jirovecii: 2rng/kg (max 1 OOmg) daily oral with
trimethoprirn 5mg/kg 6H. Derrn herpet: 1·6mg/kg (adult 50-
300mg) daily oral.
Dapsone 100mg +pyrimethamine 12.5mg (Maloprirn). 1·
4yr quarter tab wkly, 5-10yr %tab, >10yr 1tab.
Daptomycin. 4mg/kg IV over 30rnin daily. SfJVere inftn: 8-10
rng/kg IV daily.
Daraturnumab. 16rng/kg IV wl<ly for 8wk, then every 2wl< wks
9-24, then every 4wk.
Darbepoetin alia. I ncr or reduce dose if reqd by 25% every
4wk. Renal failure: 0.45mcg/kg wl<ly or 0.75mcg/kg 2wl<ly
(O.l5mcg/kg wl<ly if not on dialysis) SC or IV. Cancer: 6.75
meg/kg every 3wk, or 2.25rncg/l<g every wk, SC or IV.
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Darifenacin. Adult, NOT/kg: 7.5-15rng daily oral.
Darunavir (DRV). Adult, NOT/kg: 600rng 12H with food oral.
Darunavir + cobicistat. Adult, NOT/kg: 800/150rng daily oral.
Darunavir + ritonavir. 20-29kg: 375/50rng 12H with food; 30-
391<g: 450/60rng 12H; 2:40kg: 600/100rng 12H. 2:18yr: 800/
100rng (naNe) 600/1 OOrng (past Rx) daily with food.
Dasabuvir. Adult, NOT/kg: 250rng tab 12H + ornbitasvirparitaprevir--ritonavir 12.5/l5/50rng 2 tab daily± ribavirin
500rng (>75kg 600rng) 12H oral for 12-14wk.
Dasabuvir + ornbitasvir + paritaprevir + ritonavir ER.
200/8.33/50/33.3rng. Adult, NOT/kg: 3 tab daily oral for 12wk.
Dasatinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 70rng (up to 100rng) 12H oral.
D;mnorubicin. 30rng/rn2 wkly slow IV, or 60-90rng/rn2 every
3wk. Max total dose 500rngtrn'-
DDAVP. See desrnopressin.
Decitabine. 15rng/rn2 IV over 3hr 8H for 3 days, repeated
every 6wk (rninirnurn of 4 cycles).
Deferasirox. 20-40rng/kg (Exjade) or 14-28rng/kg (Jadenu)
daily oral; monitor ferritin.
Deferiprone. 25rng/kg 8H (rnax 1 OOrng/kg/day) oral.
Deferoxarnine. See desferrioxarnine.
Defibrotide. 6.25mg/kg 6H IV over 2hr for rninirnurn21 days.
Deflazacort. Usually 0.1-1.5mg/kg (adult 5-90mg) 24-48H
oral. 1.2 mg = 1 mg prednisolone in glucocorticoid activity.
Degarelix. Adult, NOT/kg: 240mg in two SC injections, then
80mg SC every 4wk.
Delavirdine. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg 81-1, or 600mg 121-1 oral.
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. See cannabidiol.
Demecarium bromide. 0.125%,0.25% ophthalmic soltn.
Glaucoma: 1 drop x2/day to x2/wk. Strabismus: 1 drop daily
for 2wk, then 1 drop alternate days for 2-3wk.
Demeclocycline. >8yr: 3rng/kg (adult 150rng) 6H, or 6mg/kg
(adult 300mg) 12H oral. See also chlortetracycline.
Denileukin diftitox. 9-18mcg/kg daily IV over 15rnin for 5
consecutive days every 21 days.
Denosumab. Adult, NOT/kg. Ostoporosis: 60rng every 6mo
SC, with calcium 1 OOOmg daily and at least 400iu vitamin D
daily. Prostate cancer: 120mg SC every 4wlc
Deoxycholic acid. 10mg/ml. NOT/kg: 2mg/crn2 SC 1cm apart.
Dequalinium. NOT/kg: one 0.25mg pastile 4H oral.
Deserpidine. 0.005-0.02mg/l<g (adult 0.25-img) daily oral.
Desferrioxamine. Antidote: 1 0-15mg/kg/hr IV for 12-24hr
(max 6g/24hr) if Fe >60-90urnoi/L at 4hr or 8hr; some also
give 5-10g (NOT/kg) once oral. Thalassaemia (NOT/kg): 30··
60mg/kg daily over 8-12hr 5-7 days a wlc
Desflurane. Usually child 5-10%, adult 3-8% by inhalation.
Desipramine. 2-4mg/kg (adult 1 00-200), occasionally incr up
to 6rng/kg (adult 300mg), daily oral.
Desirudin. 0.3mg/kg (adult 15mg) 12H SC.
Desloratadine. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) daily oral.
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Desmopr~ssin (DDAVP). 1u = 1mcg. NOT/kg. Enuresis, at
night, >6yr: 200-400mcg oral, 120-240mcg subllng, 10-40
meg nasal. Dl: 1-5mcg (1mo-2yr) 5mcg (2-12yr) 5-10mcg
(>12yr) 12H nasal (more at night); 10mcg (<2yr) 50mcg (2-
12yr) 50-100mcg (>12yr) x2-3/day oral; 2-18yr 60mcg 8H
subling; 0.025mcg/kg (max 4mcg) in 1-2 doses/day SC, IM,
IV. IV infsn: 0.5-2mcg in 1 L fluid, and replace urine output+
10% hrly (vasopressin preferable). TY, 1-3hr. More potent
and longer acting than vasopressin.
Desogestrel. Contraception: 75mcg daily oral, starting 1'1 day
of menstruation.
Desogestrel + ethinyloestradiol. 150/30, 150/20mcg x21
tab, + 7 inert tab. Contraception: 1 tab daily, starting 1st day
of mer>struation.
Desonide. 0.05% cream, ointment, lotion: apply 8-12H.
Desoximetasone. See desoxymethasone.
Desoxymethasone. 0.05%,0.25% cream, oint, gel: apply 12H.
Desoxyribonuclease. See fibrinolysin.
Desvenlafaxine. Adult, NOT/kg: 50-100mg daily oral.
Dexamethasone. Biological half life 2-3 days. Mild croup:
0.15mg/kg oral once. Severe croup, extubtn stridor, bronchiolitis: 0.6mg/kg (max 20mg) IV or IM stat, then prednisolone
1 mg/kg 8H oral. Cer oedema: 1 mg/kg (max 12mg) stat, then
0.25mg/kg 6H IM or IV. Meningitis: 0.15mg/kg (max 12mg)
6H IV for 4 days. Antiemetic: 0.5 mg/kg (adult 16mg) daily
IM, IV, oral. BPD: 0.4mg/kg daily for 3 days, then 0.3mg/kg 3
days, 0.2mg/kg 3 days, 0.1 mg/kg 3 days, 0.05mg/kg 7 days.
Gong adr hypopl: 0.27 mg/m2 daily oral. Eye drops 0.1%: 1
drop/eye 3-8H. Dexamethasone has no mineralocorticoid
action; 1 mg = 25rng hydrocortisone in glucocorticoid action.
Dexamethasone 0.5mg/ml {0.05%) + framycetin 5mg/ml
(0.5%) +gramicidin 0.05mg/ml (0.005%) (Sofradex). Eye 1
drop 1-3H, ear 2-3 drops 6-8H, ointment 8-121-1.
Dexamethasone 0.1% +neomycin 0.35% +polymyxin
6000u/g. 1 drop/eye 6-8H.
Dexamethasone 0.1% + tobramycin 0.3%. Usually 1 drop/
eye 4-6H; up to 2H for 2 days after surgery if reqd.
Dexamethasone 20mcg + tramazoline 120mcg per dose.
Aerosol: 1 puff in each nostril 4-8H.
Dexamphetamine. 0.2mg/kg (max 1 Omg) daily oral, incr if
reqd to max 0. 5mg/kg (max 20mg) 12H. See amphetamine.
Dexchlorpheniramine maleate. 0.05mg/kg (adult 2mg) 6-8H
oral. Repetab (adult NOT/kg): 6mg 12H oral.
Dexibuprofen. Adult, NOT/kg: 400rng 12H (max SH) oral.
Dexketoprofen. Adult, NOT/kg: 12.5mg 4-6H, or 25mg 8H
(max 75mg/day) oral.
Dexlansoprazole. 1-2rng/kg (adult 30··60tng) daily oral.
Dexmedetomidine. ICU: 0.4 (0.2-1.0) mcg/kg/hr IV (sometimes after 1 meg/kg load over 20 min). Procedure: 0.5 .. 1
meg/kg IV over 10-20min, then 0.6 (0.2·1) meg/kg/hr. TY, 2hr.
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Dexmethylphenidate. NOT/kg, given as two doses/day 4hr
apart: 2.5mg/dose oral, incr if reqd to 1 Omg/dose. Longacting (NOT/kg): child 5-10mg (adult 5-20mg) daily oral.
Dexpanthenol. 5-1 Omg/kg (adult 250-500mg) IM. 5% cream:
apply 12-24H ·
Dexrazoxane. 1 Omg for each 1 mg doxorubicin IV. Extravasation of anthracyclines: within 6hr give 1 g/m2 (max 2g) IV over
2hr, repeated after 24hr; then 0.5g/m2 48hr after first dose.
Dextran 1 (Prom it). 15% soltn. 0.3ml/kg IV 1-2min before
giving dextran 40 or dextran 70.
Dextran 40. 10% soltn: 1 Oml/kg x1-2 on day 1, then 10
ml/kg/day IV. Half life about 3hr.
Dextran 70.6% soltn: 10ml/kg x1-2 on day 1, then 10
ml/kg/day IV. Half life about 12hr.
Dextroamphetamine. See dexamphetamine.
Dextromethorphan. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) 6-SH oral.
Dextromethorphan 20mg +quinidine 10mg. Adult; NOT/kg:
1 cap daily for 7 days, then 1 cap 12H oral.
Dextromoramide. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) 8H, may incr to
0.5mg/kg (adult 20mg) 8H oral or PR.
Dextrose. Infant sedation (NOT/kg): 1 ml 50%D oral. Hypoglycaemia: 0.5ml/kg 50%D or 2.5ml/kg 1 O%D slow IV, then
!ncr maintenance mg/kg/min. Hyperkalaemia: 0.1 u/kg insulin
+ 2ml/kg 50%D IV. Neonates: 6g/kg/day (about 4mg/kg/min)
day 1, incr to 12g/kg/day (up to 18g/kg/day with hypoglycaemia). lnfsn rate (ml/hr) = (4.17 x Wt x g/kg/day) I %D = (6
x Wt x mg/kg/min) I %D. Dose (g/kg/day) = (ml/hr x %D) I
(4.17 x Wt). Dose (rng/kg/min) = (rnl/hr x %D) I (6 x Wt).
rng/kg/min = g/kg/day /1.44. 0.5rnl/kg/hr of 50%= 6g/kg/day.
Dextrose-heparin (dex-hep). Dextrose soltn (usually 5%)
with heparin 1 u/rnl.
Dezocine. IM: 0.1-0.4rng/kg (adult 5-20rng) 3-6H.IV: 0.05-
0.2rng/kg (adult 2.5-1 Omg) 2-4H.
3,4-Diaminopyridine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg 6-SH oral, incr if
reqd to rnax 20rng x5/day.
Diamorphine. Adult, NOT/kg: 5-10mg 4H IV, IM, SC, oral.
Diazepam. 0.04-0.Zmg/kg (adult 2-10mg) 8-12H oral. Seizure
(repeat after 15min if reqd): 0.1-0.4mg/kg (rnax 1 Orng) IV;
0.3-0.5mg/kg (max 20rng) PR. Do not give by IV infsn (binds
to PVC); emulsion can be infused. Premed: 0.2-0.4mg/kg
oral, PR. 2-3mg = 1 mg midazolarn.
Diazoxide. Hypertension: 1-3mg/l<g (rnax 150mg) stat by
rapid IV injection (severe hypotension may occur) repeat
once if reqd, then 2-5mg/kg IV 6H. Hyperinsulinism: <12mo
5rng/kg 8-12H oral; >12mo 30-100mg/m2 per dose 8H oral.
Dibotermin alfa. 8rnl of 1.5mg/ml spread evenly on matrix.
Dibromopropamidine. 0.15% cream on dressing prn.
Dibucaine. See cinchocaine.
Dichloralphenazone 1 OOmg + isometheptene mucate
65mg + paracetamol 325rng. Adult, NOT/kg: 2 capsules
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stat, then 1/hr if reqd (max 5cap in 12hr),
Dichlorobenzene. See arachis oil + chlorbutoL Dichlorphenamide. 2-4mg/kg (adult 100-200mg) stat, then 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) 12H until response, then 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8-24H oraL Diclofenac. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8-12H oral, I
0 R JIA: 1-
1.5mg/kg (max 75mg) 12H oraL Adult, NOT/kg: IV 37.5rng
6H (max 150rng/d); subrnicron 18mg or 35rng 8H oral; patch
1.3% (180rng) 10x14crn apply 12H. Eye drops 0.1%: preop
1-5 drops over 3hr, postop 1 drop stat, then 1 drop 4-8H.
Topical gel1% (arthritis) 3% (keratoses): apply 2-4g 6-8H.
Diclofenac + misoprostal. Adult, NOT/1<9- 50mg/200mcg tab
8-12H oral; 75mg/200mcg tab 12H oraL
Dicloxacillin. 15-25mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 6H oral, IM or
IV. Severe inftn: 25··50rng/kg (max 2g) IV 12H (1st wk life),
8H (2-4 wk), 4-6H or constant infsn (>4 wk).
Dicobalt edetate. 10rng/kg (adult 300rng) IV over 1-5rnin,
repeat x2 if no response.
Dicyclomine. 0.5mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) 6-BH oraL
Dicycloverine. See dicyclomine.
Didanosine (ddl). <3mo 50mg/m2 12H oral; 3-Brno 100 mg/rn2
(max 200mg) 12H; 9rno-12yr 120rng/rn2 (90-150 mg/m2
)
12H; >12yr 250rng (<60kg) 400rng (<:60kg) daily oral. Adult
with tenofovir: 200mg (<60kg) 250mg (260kg), CNS disease;
150mg/m2 12H.
Dideoxycytidine (ddC). See zalcitabine.
Dienestrol. See dienoestroL
Dienoestrol. 0.01% vaginal cream: 1 applicatorful (5g) 12-
24H for 1-2wk, reducing gradually to x1-3/wk.
Dienogest. Adult, NOT/kg: 2mg daily oraL
Dienogest (Di) +oestradiol valerate OV). Contraception,
daily: day 1-2 OV 3rng; day 3-7 Di 2mg + OV 2rng; day 8-24
Di 3mg + OV 2rng; day 27-28 OV 1mg; (day 25-2.6) placebo.
Diethylcarbamazine. 6rng/kg daily for 12 days oral, or a
single dose of 6rng/kg repeated every 6-12 months.
Diethylpropion. 6-12yr 25mg (NOT/kg) 12H oral. >12yr 25mg
(NOT/kg) 6-8H oral.
Diethylstilboestrol. See stilboestroL
Difenoxin. See atropine+ diphenoxylate.
Diflorasone. 0.05% cream, ointment apply 6-24H.
Diflunisal. 5-10rng/kg (adult 250-SOOrng) 12H oral.
Digitoxin. 4mcg/kfl (max 0.2mg) 12H oral for 4 days, then 1-
6rncg/kg (adult usually 0. 15rng, max 0.3mg) daily.
Digoxin. 15mcg/kg stat and 5mcg/kg after 6H, then 3-5
meg/kg (usual max 200rncg IV, 250rncg oral) 12H slow IV or
oral. Level 6hr or more after dose: 1 .0-2.5 nrnoi/L
(xO. 78c'ng/rnl).
Digoxin immmune FAB (antibodies). IV over 30rnin. Dose
(to nearest 40mg) ~serum digoxin (nmoi/L) x Wt (kg) x 0,3,
or rng ingested x 55. Give if >0.3rng/l<g ingested, or level
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>6.4 nmoi/L (5.0ng/ml).
Dihydrazaline. IV infusion: 0.1 rng/kg/hr titrated to effect (max
3.5mg/kg/day). Oral: 0.25-1 mg/kg 12H.
Dihydroartemisinin 40mg + piperaquine 320mg. Oral daily
for 3 days: dihydroartemisinin 2.5mg/kg (adult 1.6mg/kg) +
piperaquine 20mg/kg (adult 12.8mg/kg).
Dihydrocodeine. 0.5-1 mg/kg 4-6H oral.
Dihydroergotamine mesylate. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 rng IM, SC or
IV, repeat hrly x2 if needed. Max 6rng/wk.
Dihydromorphinone. See hydromorphone.
Dihydrotachysterol (1-0H vitamin D2). Renal failure, vit D
resistant rickets: 20mcg/kg daily oral, incr by 20rncg/kg every
4-Swk according to serum calcium.
Dihydrotestosterone. See stanolone.
Dihydroxyacelone. 5% soltn: apply 1-3 coats 1 hr apart, every
1-3 days.
Diiodohydroxyquin. See di-iodohydroxyquinoline.
Di-iodohydroxyquinoline. 10-13.3mg/kg (adult 650rng) SH
oral for 20 days.
Diloxanide. 1 Omg/kg (adult 500mg) SH oral.
Diltiazem. 1 mg/kg (adult 60rng) 8H, incr if reqd to max
3mg/kg (adult 180mg) 8H oral. Slow release (adult, NOT/kg):
120-240rng daily, or 90-180rng 8-12H oral.
Dimenhydrinate. 1-1.5mg/kg (max 50-75mg) 4-6H orai,IM,IV.
Dimercaprol (BAL). 3rng/kg (max 150mg) IM 4H for 2 days,
then 61-1 for 1 day, then 12H for 10 days.
Dime!hindene. 0.02-0.04mg/kg (adult 1-2mg) SH oral.
Dimethyl fumarate. Adult, NOT/kg: 120mg 12H oral for 1 wk,
then 240mg 12H.
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). 50% soltn: 50ml in bladder for
15 min every 2wl<.
Dimeticone. Infant colic (NOT/kg): 42mg/5ml, 2.5ml with
feeds (max x6/day). 10%, 15% barrier cream: apply prn.
Dinutuximab. 17.5mg/m2 1Vover 10-20hr for4 consecutive
days in 24,32,24,32,24-day cycles.
Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2 alpha). Extra-amniotic: 1 ml of
250mcg/ml stat, then 3ml 2H. Intra-amniotic: 40mg stat, then
10-40mg after 24hr if reqd.
Dinoprostone (Prostaglandin E2). Labour induction: 1 mg
into posterior vagina, may repeat dose 1-2mg after 6l1r (max
60mcg/kg over 6hr). Maintain PDA: 25mcg/kg 1 H (less often
after 1 wl<) oral; or 0.003-0.01 meg/kg/min IV.
Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate. See docusate sodium.
Diphemanil methylsulphate. 20mg/g powder: apply 8-121-1.
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100
mg) 6-BH oral.
Diphenoxylate. See atropine + diphenoxylate (L.omotil).
Diphtheria antitoxin (horse). IM or IV (NOT/kg): 2500u
(nasal), 1 O,OOOu (unilateral tonsillar), 20,000u (bilateral
tonsillar), 30,000u (laryngeal), 50,000u (beyond tonsillar
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fossa), 150,000u (bullneck). Repeat dose may be needed.
See also immunoglobulin, diphtheria.
Diphtheria vaccine, adult (CSL). Inanimate. 0.5miiM stat,
6wk later, and 6mo later {3 doses). Boost every 1 Oyr.
Diphtheria vaccine, child <Byr (CSL). Inanimate. 0.5miiM
stat, in 6wk, then 6mo (3 doses). Boost with adult vaccine.
Diphtheria + hepatitis B + Hib + pertussis (acellular) +
tetanus vaccine [DaPT-hepB-Hib] (lnfanrix Hexa).
Inanimate. 0.5miiM at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo (3 doses).
Diphtheria + hepatitis B + pertussis (acellular) + polio +
tetanus [DaPT-HepB-IPV] (Pediarix). Inanimate. 0.5mi'IM
at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo (3 doses), and (DaPT) 18mo.
Diphtheria + hepatitis B + pertussis (acellular) +tetanus
vaccine [DaPT -hepB] (lnfanrix Hep B). Inanimate. 0.5ml
IM at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo (3 doses), and (without hep B) 18mo.
Diphtheria + Hib + pertussis (acellular) + polio +tetanus
[DaPT -Hib-IPV] (lnfanrix Penta, Pediacel). Inanimate.
0.5miiM at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo (3 doses), and (DaPT) 18rno.
Diphtheria + pertussis (acellular)+ polio +tetanus
vaccine [DaPT -IPV] (Quadracel). Inanimate. 0.5miiM at 2,
4 and 6rno (3 doses).
Diphtheria + pertussis (acellular) + polio +tetanus
vaccine [DaPT-IPV] (lnfanrix-IPV).Inanimate. 16mo-13yr:
0.5ml IM once as booster.
Diphtheria + pertussis (acellular) + polio +tetanus
vaccine [daPT-IPV] (Repevax). Inanimate. >3yr: 0.5mi1M
once RS booster.
Diphtheria + pertussis (acellular) + polio +tetanus
vaccine, adult [daPt-IPV] (Adacel Polio, Boostrix-IPV).
Inanimate. <o1 Oyr: 0.5ml IM once as booster.
Diphtheria+ pertussis (acellular)+ tetanus vaccine [DaPT]
(Tripacel). Inanimate. 0.5rniiM at 2rno, 4mo, 6mo, 18rno
and 4-5yr of age ( 5 doses).
Diphtheria+ pertussis (acellular)+ tetanus vaccine, adult
[daPt] (Adacel, Boostrix). Inanimate. <o1 Oyr: 0.5miiM.
Diphtheria + pertussis (whole cell)+ tetanus vaccine
[OPT] (Triple Antigen). Inanimate. 0.5rn11M at 2mo, 4mo,
6mo, 18rno and 4-5yr of age (5 doses).
Diphtheria+ polio+ tetanus vaccine [dT-IPV] (Revaxis).
Inanimate. >6yr: 0.5ml IM once as booster.
Diphtheria +tetanus vaccine, adult [dt] (ADT Booster).
Inanimate. 0.5ml IM for revaccination after primary course.
Diphtheria +tetanus vaccine, child <8yr [DT] (COT). Inanimate. 0.5ml IM, in 6wk, 6mo laler (3 dose). Boost with ADT.
Dipipanone. See cyclizine.
Dipivefrin. 0.1% soltn: 1 drop per eye 12H.
Diprophylline. Usually 15mg/kg 6H oral or IM.
Dipyridamole. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 6-8H oral. See
also aspirin + dipyridamole.
Dirithromycin. 10mgll<g (adult 500rng) daily oral.
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Disodium clodronate. See sodium clodronate.
Disodium edetate. See trisodium edetate.
Disodium etidronate. See etidonrate.
Disodium levofolinate. Half the dose of calcium folinate.
Disodium pamidronate. See pamidronate.
Disodium tiludronate. See tiludronate.
Disopyramide. Oral: 1.5-4mg/kg (adult 75-200mg) 6H. IV:
2mg/kg (max 150mg) over 5min, then 0.4mg/kg/hr (max
800mg/day). Level 9-15umoi/L (x0.3395 = mcg/ml).
Distigmine. Neurogenic bladder, megacolon: 0.01 mg/kg
(adult 0.5mg) IM daily, 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) oral daily.
Myasth gravis: 0.1-0.Zmg/kg 12-24H (max 20mg/day) oral.
Disulfiram. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mg oral daily for 1-2wk, then
125-500mg daily.
Dithranol. 0.1%-2% cream, ointment: start with lowest
strength, apply daily, wash off after 1Om in incr to 30min.
Divalproex. Dose as for sodium valproate.
Dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. See vitamin E.
DMSA. See suocimer.
Dobutamine. <30kg: 15mg/kg in 50ml saline at 1-3ml/hr (5-
15mcg/kg/min) via CVC or periph IV; >30kg: 6mg/kg in 100
ml saline at 5-15ml/hr (5-15mcg/kg/min). TY, 2min.
Docetaxel. Initially 75-100mg/m2 over 1hr IV every 3wk.
Docosahexaenoic acid. See omega-3 .. acid esters.
Docosanol. 10% cream: apply 5 times a day.
Docusate. NOT/kg: 100mg (3-10yr), 120-240mg (>10yr) daily
oral. Enema (5ml 18% + 155ml water): 30ml (newborn),
60ml (1-12mo), 60-120ml (>12mo) PR.
Docusate 50mg + sennoside 8mg, tab. >12yr: 1-4 tab at
night oral. See also bisacodyl; casanthranol; dantron.
Dofetilide. 1 Omcg/kg (adult 500mcg) 12H oral, less if renal
impairment or increased QTc interval.
Dolasetron. Cancer: 1.8mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) IV 30m in before
chemo, or 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) oral 1 hr before chemo.
Surgery: 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) oral at induction, or 0.25mg/kg
(adult 12.5mg) IV postop.
Dolutegravir. :e40kg: 50mg daily oral. See abacavir.
Domperidone. Oral: 0.2-0.Smg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) 4-Bf-1.
Rectal suppos: Adult, NOT/kg 30-60mg 4-SH.
Donepezil. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg at night oral, incr to 10mg
after 1 mo if reqd.
Donepezil + memantine. 14/10, 28/1 Om g. 1 tab daily oral.
Dopamine. Via CVC <30kg: 15mg/kg in 50ml at 1-3ml/hr (5-
15 meg/kg/min); >30kg: 6mg/kg made up to 100ml at 5-15
ml/hr (5-15mcg/kg/min). TY, 2min.
Dopexamine. IV infsn 0.5--6mcg/kg/min.
Doripenem. 1 Omg/kg (adult 500mg) 8H IV.
Dornase alpha (deoxyribonuclease 1). NOT/kg: usually
2.5mg (max 10rng) inhaled daily (5-21yr), 12-24H (>21yr).
Dorzolamide. 2% drops: 1 drop/eye 8-12H.
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Dorzolamide 2% + timolol 0.5%. 1 drop/eye 12H.
Dosulepin. See dothiepin.
Dothiepin. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 8-12H oral.
Doxacurium. 50-80mcg/kg stat, then 5-10mcg/kg/dose IV.
Doxapram. 5mg/kg IV over 1 hr, then 0.5-1 mg/kg/hr for 1 hr
(max total dose 400mg).
Doxazosin. Usually 0.02-0.1 mg/kg (adult 1-4mg) daily oral.
Doxepin. 0.2-2mg/kg (adult 10-100mg) 8H oral. Insomnia
(adult, NOT/kg): 6mg nocte oral. 5% cream: apply x3-4/day.
Doxercalciferol (1,25-0H D2 analogue). Initially 0.2mcg/kg
(adult 10mcg) oral, or 0.08mcg/kg (adult 4mcg) IV, x3/wk at
end of dialysis. Aim for blood iPTH 150-300pg/ml.
Doxorubicin. 30mg/m2 IV over 15min wkly, or 30mg/m2 daily
for 2-3days every 3-4wk. Max total dose 480mg/m2 (300
mg/m2 if mediastinal irradiation).
Doxorubicin, liposomal. Carcinoma: 50mg/m2 IV every 3wl<.
Kaposi: 20mg/rn2 IV every 2wk.
Doxycycline. >Byr, oral or IV. 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) 12H for 2
doses, then daily. Severe: 2mg/kg 12H. Malaria 2.2mg/kg
(max 100mg) 12H 7 days; proph 2rng/kg (max 100mg) daily.
Acne (NOT/kg): 50mg daily for 6wk, 100mg daily if reqd.
Doxycycline 30mg + 1 Omg slow release. Rosacea in adults
(NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral.
Doxylamine. 0.25-0. 5rng/kg (adult 12 .. 5-25mg) 81-1 oral.
Hypnotic: 0.5·-1 mg/kg (adult 25-50mg).
Doxylamine 10mg +pyridoxine 10mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 2 tab
at night; add 1 tab morning and afternoon if reqd.
D-penicillamine. See penicillamine.
Dronabinol. Initially 5mg/m2 2-4H (max 4-6 doses per day)
oral, slow incr by 2.5mg/m2
/dose to max 15mg/m2 41-1.
Dronedarone. 8mg/kg (adult 400rng) 12H oral.
Droperidol. Antiemetic: postop 0.02-0.05mg/kg (adult 1.25
mg) 4-6H IM or slow IV, chemother 0.02-0.1 (adult 1-5mg) 1·
6H. Psychiatry, neuroleptanalg, IM or slow IV: 0.1 mg/kg
(adult 5mg) stat, incr to max 0.3mg/kg (adult 15 mg) 4-81-1.
Drospirenone + oestradiol. 0.5mg/1 mg, 2mg/1 mg tab. Postmenopause (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral.
Drospirenone 3mg + ethinyloestradiol 20mcg + levome·
folate 451 meg x 24 tab, + 4 tab levomefolate 451 meg.
Contraception: 1 daily starting 1" day of menstruation.
Drospirenone 3mg + ethinyloestradiol 20mcg x 24 tab, + 4
inert tab. Contraceptn: 1 daily starting 1" day of rnenstruatn.
Drospirenone 3mg + ethinyloestradiol 30mcg x 21 tab + 7
inert tab. Contraceptn: 1 daily starting 1" day menstruatn.
Droxidopa. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 OOmg incr every 1-2 days if reqd
to max 600mg oral morning, noon, and late afternoon.
Duaglucide. Adult, NOT/kg 0.75-i.Smg SConce a week.
Duloxetine. Adult, NOT/kg: 20-30mg 121-1. or 60mg daily oral.
Dust mite allergen extract. ?.5yr, NOT/kg: 100 IR day1, 200
IR day2, then 300 IR daily sublingual.
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Dutasteride. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg daily oral.
Dutasteride O.Smg + tamsulosin 0.4mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1
cap daily oral.
Dyclonine hydrochloride. See dyclocaine hydrochloride.
Dydrogesterone. 0.2mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) 12-24H oral.
Dydrogesterone + oestradiol. 5/1 mg, 10/1, 10/2 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg. Postmenopausal: 1 tab daily oral.
Dydrogesterone 10mg tab+ oestradiol patch (40 or 80
mcg/24hr). Adult, NOT/kg. Postmenopausal: apply new
patch every 3-4 days, 1 tab daily oral for last 14days of cycle.
Dyphylline. See diprophylline.
Ecallantide. 0.6mg/kg (adult 30mg) SC, repeat if reqd.
Econazole. Topical: 1% cream, powder or lotion 8-12H.
Vaginal: 75mg cream or 150rng ovule twice daily.
Ecothiopate iodide. 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.125%, 0.25% soltn:
usually 0.125% 1 drop/eye every 1-2 days at bedtime.
Eculizumab. 600mg IV over 35min wkly for 4wk, 900mg the
next wk, then 900mg every 2wk.
Edrophonium. Test dose 20mcg/kg (adult 2mg), then 1 min
later 80mcg/kg (adult Smg) IV. SVT: 0.15mg/kg (max 2mg)
incr to max 0.75mg/kg (max 1 Omg) IV, with atropine if reqd.
EDT A. See sodium calciumedetate.
Efalizumab. 0. 7mg/kg stat, then 1 mg/kg wkly SC.
Efavirenz (EFV). Daily oral10-14kg 200mg, 15-19mg 250mg,
20-24 kg 300mg, 25-32kg 350mg, 33-39kg 400rng, <:40kg
GOOmg (minimum trough 1000 ng/ml).
Efavirenz + fosamprenavir + ritonavir. >18yr: EFV 600mg
daily+ FPV 700rng 12H + RTV 1 OOmg 12H oral. If Rx na'ive,
can use EFV 600mg + FPV 1400mg + RTV 300mg daily.
Efavirenz 600mg + emtricitabine 200mg + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg. ;;,40kg: 1 tab daily.
Efinaconazole. 10% 1 drop (2 for big toe) daily for 48wk.
Eflornithine. 13.9% cream: apply 12H.
Eformoterol + fluticasone. 5/50rncg, 5/125, 10/250. NOT/kg.
2:12yr: 2 inhalations 12H.
Eformoterol. 6mcg or 12mcg cap (max 24mcg) inhaled 12H.
Eicosapentaenoic acid. See omega-3-acid esters.
Elbasvir 50mg + grazoprevir 1 OOmg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab
daily oral.± ribavirin for 12-16wk.
Electrolyte solution. See glucose electrolyte solution.
Eletriptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 20-40mg, repeat after 2hr if reqd
(max 80mg/day).
Eliglustat. NOT/kg: 84mg orai12H (daily if poor metaboliser).
Eloctate. <6yr 40-SOu/kg, 2:6yr 25-65u/kg, IV every 4 days.
Elosulfase alfa. 2mg/kg/wk IV over 4hr.
Elotuzumab. 1 Omg/kg on days 1 ,8, 15,22 for two 28-day
cycles, then on days 1 and 15.
Eitrombopag. Adult, NOT/kg: 25-75mg daily oral.
Eiuxadoline. Adult, NOT/kg: 100rng 12H oral.
Elvitegravir. See cobicistat.
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Emedastine. 0.5mg/ml soltn: 1 drop/eye 12H.
EMLA cream. See lignocaine + prilocaine.
Empagliflozin. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg (up to 25mg) daily oral.
Empagliflozin + linagliptin. 10/5rng, 25/5 tab. Adult, NOT/kg:
10/5 daily oral, incr to 25/5 if reqd.
Empagliflozin + metformin. 5/500rng, 5/1000, 12.5/500,
12.5/1000 tab. 1 tab 12H oral with meals.
Emtricitabine (FTC). 0-3rno: soltn 3mg/kg daily oral; >3mo:
soltn 6mg/kg (adult 240mg), cap (>33kg) 200mg daily oral.
Emtricitabine 200mg + rilpivirine 25mg + tenofovir alafenamide 25mg. NOT/kg. 2:35kg 1 tab daily oral with food.
Emtricitabine 200mg + rilpivirine 25mg + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Emtricitabine 200mg + tenofovir alafenarnide 25mg. 2:12yr,
NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Emtricitabine 200mg + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
300mg. 2:18yr: 1tab daily oral. See also efavirenz, cobicistat.
Enalapril. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 2.5mg) daily oral, incr over 2wk if
reqd to max 0.5mg/kg (adult 5-20mg) 12H.
Enalaprilat. Usually 0.025rng/kg (max 1.25mg) 6H IV, max
0.1 mg/kg (max 5mg) 6H.
Endoxaban. Adult, NOT/kg: :560kg 30mg, >60kg 60mg daily
oral. Lower dose if taking P-glycoprotein inhibitors.
Enflurane. 2-4.5% induction, then 0.5-3% by inhalation.
Enfuvirtide (ENF). ?.6yr: 2mg/kg (max 90rng) 12H SC.
Enoxacin.. 4-Brng/kg (adult 200-400mg) 12H oral.
Enoxaparin (1mg=100u). <3rno 1.8mg/kg, 3-12mo 1.5rng/kg,
1-5yr 1.25mg/kg, >5yr 1 rng/kg (max 40mg) 12H SC; anti-Xa
0.5-1 u/ml 4hr post dose. Prophylaxis SC: <2mo 0.75mg/kg
12H, 2mo-18yr 0.5mg/kg 12H, >18yr 20mg (low risk) 40mg
(high risk) 2-12hr preop, then daily SC. Haemodialysis: 1
rng/kg into arterial line at start 4hr session.
Enoximone. IV: 5-20mcg/kg/min. Oral: 1-3mg/kg (adult 50-
150mg) 8H.
Entacapone. Adult, NOT/kg: 200rng with each 1-dopa/DDC
inhibitor dose (av 800-1400mg/day, max 2000mg) oral. See
also levodopa.
Entecavir. Hepatitis B (adult, NOT/kg): 0.5rng daily oral; 1 mg
daily if refractory to lamivudine.
Entravirine. See etravirine.
Enzalutamide. Adult, NOT/kg: 160mg daily oral.
Enzymes, pancreatic. See pancreatic enzymes.
Ephedrine. 0.25-1mg/kg (adult 12 .. 5·60rng) 4-8H oral, IM, SC,
IV. Nasal (0.25%-1%): 1 drop each nostril 6-SH, max 4 days.
Epinastine. 0.05% ophthalmic: 1 drop/eye 12H.
Epinephrine. See adrenaline.
Epirubicin. Adult: 75 .. 90mg/m2 IV over 1Om in every 3wk.
Eplerenone. 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 12-24H oral.
Epoetin alia, beta, delta, theta, zeta. 50u/kg x3/wk, incr to
75-300u/kg/wk divided into 1-3 doses/wk SC, IV; once Hb
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>100g/L give 25-1 OOu/kg x3/wk (or give single wkly dose).
Epoetin as methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta.
1.2mcg/kg SC monthly, or 0.6mcg/kg SC or IV every 2wk
adjusted to Hb 1 00-120g/L.
Epoprostenol (prostacyclin, PGI2). Dilute to 2-10mcg/ml,
new syringe every 8hr. <8kg: 12mcg/kg in 1Om I diluent at
0.25-0.75ml/hr (5-15ng/kg/min); >8kg: 500mcg in 50ml
diluent at 0.03-0.09ml/kg/hr (5-15ng/kg/ min). ECMO: 5
.ng/kg/min IV. Chronic pul ht: 2ng/kg/min IV, incr to 20-40
ng/kg/min. ns imin.
Eprosartan. 12mg/kg (adult 600mg) daily, incr if reqd to 6-
Bmg/kg (adult 300-400mg) 12H oral.
Epsilon aminocaproic acid. See aminocaproic acid.
Eptacog alta (recombinant factor 7a). See factor 7a.
Eptifibatide. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 80mcg/kg stat IV, then 2
meg/kg/min for up to 72hr.
Erdosteine. Adult, NOT/kg: 300mg 12H oral.
Ergocalciferol (Vitamin 02). 40u = 1 meg = 1 meg cholecalciferol (D3). Cystic fibrosis, cholestasis: 1 0-20mcg daily oral.
Cirrhosis: adult 40-120mcg daily oral. Deficiency: 50-1 OOmcg
daily for 2wk oral, then 1 0-625mcg daily (more if severe
malabs); or 2.5-5mg (100,000-200,000u) every 6-Swk.
Monitor serum calcium; measure alk phos and parathyroid
hormone after 6-Swk. See also doxercalciferol.
Ergoloid mesylates. See co-dergocrine mesylate.
Ergometrine maleate. Adult, NOT/kg: 250 .. 500mcg IM or IV;
500mcg 8H oral, sublingual or PR.
Ergometrine maleate 0.5mg +oxytocin 5u in 1ml. 1miiM;
may repeat after 2hr, rnax 3 doses in 24hr.
Ergonovine maleate. See ergometrine maleate.
Ergotamine tartrate. >1 Oyr (NOT/kg): 2mg sublingual stat,
then 1mg/hr (max 6mg/episode, 10mg/wk). Suppos (1-2mg):
1 stat, may repeat once after 1 hr. See caffeine, cyclizine.
Eribulin. 1.4rng/m2 IV over 5min day 1 and 8 of 21-day cycle.
Erlotinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 150 mg daily oral; reduce to 100mg
then 50rng daily if reqd.
Ertapenem. <12yr 15mg/kg (max 500mg) 12H, >12yr 1g daily
IM, IV over 30min.
Erythromycin. <2mo may cause pyloric stenosis. Oral, slow
IV (max 5mg/kg/hr): usually 1 Omg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 6H;
severe inftn 15-25mg/kg (adult 0.75-1g) 6H. Rheu fever
proph (NOT /kg): 250mg 12H oral. Gut prokinetic: 2mg/kg
8H. 2% gel: apply 12H. Same dose for base, salts and
esters, except ethylsuccinate x1.6 higher dose (max 4g/day).
Erythropoietin. See epoetin.
Escitalopram. NOT/kg. >12yr: 5mg daily oral, incr if reqd to
max 1 Omg (rarely 20mg) daily.
Esketamine. Soe ketamine.
Eslicarbazepine. 8mg/kg (adult 400mg) daily oral, incr to 15
mg/kg (adult 800mg) after 2wk; max 30mg/kg (adult 1800
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mg) daily.
Esmolol. 0.5mg/kg (500mcg/kg) IV over 1min, repeat if reqd.
lnfsn (undiluted 10mg/ml soltn; or 2.5g diluted to 250ml):
0.15-1.8ml/kg/hr (25-300mcg/kg/min); rarely given for >48hr.
Esomeprazole, Base: 0.4-0.Smg/kg (adult 20-40mg) daily
oral, IV. H.pylori, see omeprazole. May lower Mg.
Esomeprazole + naproxen. 375mg/20mg, 500/20 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1 tab 12H before meal oral.
Estazolam. 0.02-0.1 mg/kg (adult 1-4mg) at night oral.
Estradiol. See oestradiol.
Estramustine. 200mg/rn2 8H oral (avoid milk).
Estriol. See oestriol, and oestradiol + oestriol.
Estrogens. See oestrogens.
Estrone. See oestrone.
Estropipate. 1 mg "' 0.83rng piperazine oestrone sulphate.
Not/kg: induction puberty 0.19mg daily oral, incr over 2-3yr to
1.5mg (add progestogen for 12 days per cycle); vasomotor
symptoms or vaginal atrophy 0.75-6rng daily; hypogonadism
1.5-9mg daily for 21 days of 31-day cycle; osteoporosis
0.75rng daily for 25 days of 31-day cycle.
Eszopiclone. Adult, NOT/kg: 1mg (1-3mg) at night oral.
Etamsylate, 12.5rng/kg (adult 500rng) 6H oral.
Etanercept. 0.4mg/kg (max 25mg) x2/wk, or 0.8mgil<g (max
50mg) wkly SC.
Eteplirsen. 30mg/l<g every week IV over 35-60min; trial of
30mg/kg daily in progress.
Ethacrynic acid. IV: 0.5-1rng/kg (adult 25-50mg) 12-24H.
Oral: 1-4mg/kg (adult 50-200mg) 12-24H.
Ethambutol hydrochloride. 25rng/kg daily for Swk oral, then
15 mg/kg daily or 35mg/kg x3/wk. IV: 80% oral dose.
Ethamsylate. 12.5mg/kg (max 500rng) 6H oral, 1M, IV.
Ethanol. 10% ethanol 8ml/kg IV over 1 hr, then O.Sml/kg/hr
(child) 1.4ml/kg/hr (adult) 2rnl/l\g/hr (drinker) so blood
ethanol 1-1.5mg/ml (22-33rnmoi/L) until ethylene glycol
<0.2g/L (3.2mmoi/L) or methanol <0.2g/L (6.2mmoi/L).
Ethanol, dehydrated (1 00%). Vessel sclerosis: inject max of
1 ml/kg.
Ethanolamine oleate. 5% soltn, Adult, NOT/kg: 1.5-Sml per
varix (max 20m I per treatment).
Ethchlorvynol. 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) at night oral.
Eihinyloestradiol. 1 0-50mcg daily for 21 days per month.
See also cyproterone; desogestrel.
Ethinyloestradiol + ethynodiol diacetate. (50mcg/0.5mg or
50/1) x 21 tab, + 7 inert tab. Contraception: 1 tab daily,
starting 1st day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + gestodene. (30/75mcg, 20/75) x 21 tab+
7 inert tab. 1 daily, starting 1st day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + gestodene. 30/50mcg x6 + 40/70 x5 +
30/100 x1 0 +inert x7 tab. 1 tab daily, starting 1st day of
menstruation.
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Ethinyloestradiol + levonorgestrel. (30/150mcg, 50/125) x
21 tab,+ 7 inert tab. Contraception: 1 tab daily, starting 1st
day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + levonorgestrel. 20mcg/0.15mg x42,
25/0.15 x21, 30/0.15 x21, 10/0 x7 tab. Contraception: 1 tab
daily starting 1 '
1 day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiot + levonorgestrel. 30/150mcg x 84 tab,
then either 7 inert or 7 ethinyloestradol 10 meg tab. Contraception: 1 daily, starting 1st day menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + levonorgestrel. 30/50mcg x6 + 40/75 x5
+ 30/125 x10 +inert x7 tab. 1 tab daily, starting 1st day of
menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + norelgestromin. 20/150mcg or
33.9mcg/203mcg or 0. 75mg/6mg patches. Contraception:
apply 1 patch wkly x3, wk 4 patch-free.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. (35mcg/0.25mg, 30/0.5,
35/0.5, 35/0.75, 20/1, 35/1 or 30/1.5) x 21 tab, + 7 inert tab.
Contraception: 1 tab daily, starting 1st day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. 2.5mcg/0.5mg, 5mcg/
1 mg tab. Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. 20mcg/1 mg x 24 tab, +
4 inert tab. Contraception: 1 tab daily, starting 1st day of
menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. 35mcg/0.5mg x7 +
35/0.75 x7 + 35/1 x7+ inert x7 tab. Contraception: 1 tab
daily, starting 1st day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. 35mcg/0.5mg x7 + 35/1
x14 +inert x7 tab. Contraception: 1 daily, starting 1'1 day of
menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol + norethisterone. 35mcg/0.5mg x7 + 35/1
x9 + 35/0.5 x5 +inert x? tab. Contraception: 1 tab daily,
starting 1st day of menstruation.
Ethinyloestradiol 1 OOmcg + levonorgestrel 0.5mg. Postcoital: first dose within 72hr, repeated after 12hr.
Ethinyloestradiol 20mcg + levonorgestrel 90rncg. Contraception: 1 tab daily (with no hormone-free interval).
Ethionamide. TB: 15-20mg/kg (max 1g) at night oral. Leprosy: 5-Bmg/kg (max 375mg) daily.
Ethoheptazine. 3mg/kg (adult 150mg) 6-SH oral.
Ethosuximide. 5mg/kg (max 250mg) daily oral, incr by 50%
each wl< to max 40mg/kg (max 2g) daily. Trough level 0.3-
0.7mmoi/L.
Ethotoin. 5mg/kg (adult 250mg) 6H oral, incr to max 15mg/kg
(adult 750mg) 6H.
Ethyl chloride. Spray on affected area from a distance of 10-
20cm for 3-7sec (bottle) or 4-10sec (aerosol can).
Ethynodiol. See ethinyloestradiol + etl1ynodiol diacetate.
Etidocaine. 0.5%-1.5% soltn: max 6mg/kg (0.6ml/kg of 1%)
parenteral, or 8mg/kg (O.Sml/kg of 1%) with adrenaline.
Etidronate. 5-20rng/kg daily oral (no food for 2hr before and
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I
after dose) for max 6mo. IV: 7.5mg/kg daily for 3-7 days.
Elidonale + calcium citrate. Etidronate 400mg tab daily 14
days, then calcium citrate 500mg daily for 76 days oral.
Etodolac. 4-8mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 6-SH oral.
Etomidate. 0.3mg/kg slow IV.
Etonogestrel. 68mg sub-dermal implant lasts 3yr.
Etoposide. 50-60mg/m2 IV over 1 hr daily for 5 days, repeat
after 2-4wk. Oral dose 2-3 times IV dose.
Etoricoxib. Adult, NOT/kg. 60-90mg daily oral. Gout: 120 mg
daily, max 8 days.
Etravirine (ETR). 4mg/kg (adLrlt 200mg) 12H oral after meal.
Etretinate. 0.25mg/kg 8-12H oral for 2-4wk, then 6H (max
75mg daily) if reqd for 6-Swk, then 12 .. 24H.
Etynodiol diacetate. Contraception: 500mcg daily oral,
starting 1 '
1 day of menstruation.
Everolimus. Adult, NOT/kg:10mg (5mg if toxicity) daily oral.
Evolocumab. 2:12yr, NOT/kg: 140mg every 2wk, or 420mg
monthly SC.
Exemestane. Adult, NOT/kg: 25mg daily oral.
Exenatide. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mcg SC before morning and
evening meals, incr if reqd to 1 Omcg/dose after 1 mo;
extended release 2mg SC wkly.
Ezetimibe. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg daily oral. See atorvastatin.
Ezetimibe + rosuvastatin. 1 0/5mg, 10/10, 10/20, 10/40. 10/5
mg tab daily oral, adjust 4wkly to 1 0/20mg (max 1 0/40) daily.
Ezetimibe + simvastatin. 1 0/20mg, 10/40 or 10/80 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1 0/20mg tab daily oral, incr strength 4wkly if reqd.
See simvastatin for drug interactions.
Factor 2. See factor 9 complex.
Factor 7a, recombinant (rFVIIa). Usually 90mcg/l<g IV 2H
until haemostasis, then 3-6H. See also factor 9 complex.
Factor 8 concentrate (vial 200-250u), recombinant antihaemophilic factor (rAHF). Joint 20u/kg, psoas 30u/kg,
cerebral 50u/kg. 2 x dose(u/kg) %normal activity, eg
35u/l<g gives peak level of 70% normal. See also Von
Willebrand factor I Factor VII concentrate.
Factor 8 inhibitor bypassing fraction. Factors 2,7,8,9,10, IV
max 2u/kglrnin: joint 50u/kg 12H, mucous mem 50u/kg 6H,
soft tissue 100u/kg 12H, cerebral100u/kg 6-12H.
Factor 9. IV infsn (max 2u/kg/min): minor hge 25u/kg daily,
joint 40u/kg 12-24H, surgery 50u/kg stat then 30u/kg 12-
24H, major surgery 85u/kg stat then 50u/kg 12-24H. Pro ph:
25-40u/kg x2/wk (trough >1u/dl). See also factor 9 complex.
Factor 9 complex (Beriplex, Ocatplex). Factors 2, 7, 9, 10,
protein C, protein S: approx 25u/ml. 1 mllkg (INR 2 .. 3.9)
1.4rnl!kg (INR 4-6) 2 ml/kg (INR >6) + phytomenadione (if
reversing warfarin).
Factor 9 complex (Prothrombinex-VF). Factors 2, 9, 10
500u per 20ml vial, antithrombin Ill 25u/vial, low levels factor
5 and 7. 1rnl/kg slow IV daily. Risk of thrombosis in acute
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liver failure. Reverse warfarin: 1-2ml/kg + phytomenadione
(Vit K1) + FFP 5ml/kg.
Factor 10. See factor 9 complex.
Factor 13. Vial250u. Prophylaxis: 10uil<g IV every 4wk. Preop: up to 3u/kg just before surgery, then 1 Ou/kg daily x5.
Severe ~lge: 1 0-20u/kg daily.
Famciclovir. Severe infection: 320mg/m2 (adult 500mg) 8H
oral. Zoster, varicella: 160mg/m2 (adult 250mg) 8H oral for 7
days; immunocompromised 320mg/m2 (adult 500mg) 8H for
10 days. Genital herpes (adult, NOT/kg): 125mg 12H oral for
5 days (treat), 250mg daily (suppress) 12H; immunocompromised 500mg 12H for 7 days (treat), 500mg daily (suppress).
Famotidine. 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 20-40mg) 12·24H oral. 0.5
mg/kg (max 20mg) 12H slow IV.
Famotidine 26.6mg + ibuprofen 800mg. Adult 1 tab SH oral.
Fampridine. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg 121-1 oral.
Fat emulsion 20%. See lipid emulsion.
Febuxostat. Adult, NOT/kg: 80mg (max 120mg) daily oral.
Felbamate. 5mg/kg 6-8H (max 1200mg/day) oral, incr over 2-
3wk to 15mg/kg 6-81-1 (max 3600mg/day).
Felbinac. 3% gel, foam: apply x2-4/day.
Felodipine. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 2.5mg) daily, incr if reqd to 0.5
mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) daily oral.
Fenbufen. 10mg/kg (adult 450mg) 121-1 oral.
Fenofibrate, fenofibric acid. Adult, NOT/kg: 135-200mg daily
oral (better absorption with micronised caps).
Fenoglide. Adult, NOT/kg: 40-120mg daily oral.
Fenoldopam. 0.1 meg/kg/min IV infsn incr gradually if reqd
every 15-30min to max 1 .6mcg/kg/min.
Fenoprofen. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 6-8H oral, may incr
gradually to 12mg/kg/dose (max 800mg).
Fenoterol. Oral: 0.1 mg/kg 61-1. Resp soltn 1mg/ml: 0.5rnl
diluted to 2m I 3-61-1 (mild), ·1 ml diluted to 2m I 1-2H (moderate), undiluted continuous (severe, in ICU). Aerosol
(200mcg/puff): 1-2 puffs 4-BH.
Fentanyl. Not ventltd: 1-2 meg/kg (adult 50-100mcg) IM or IV;
infsn 2-4mcg/kg/hr (<10kg 100mcg/kg in 50ml at 1-2ml/hr;
>10kg amp 50mcg/ml at 0.04 .. 0.08ml/kg/hr). Ventilated: 5-10
meg/kg stat or 50rncg/kg IV over 1 hr; infsn 5-1 Omcg/kg/hr
(amp 50mcg/ml at 0.1-0.2ml/kg/hr). Adult, NOT/kg: patch
(lasts 72hr) 25mcg/hr, incr if reqd by 25mcg/hr every 3 days;
lonsys 40mcg max x6/hr. Transmucosal tabs (adult, NOT/kg):
100mcg between cheek and upper gum until disolved (15-30
min) 4-81-1, incr if reqd to max 800mcg 4H. Buccal film:
200mcg incr to max 1200mcg x4/day. Nasal spray (adult,
NOT/kg): 50, 100 or 200mcg doses titrated to response.
Epidural: 0.5 meg/kg stat, or 0.4mcg/kg/hr.
Fenticonazole vaginal pessaries. 600mg nocte once, or
200mg nocte for 3 nights.
Ferric carboxymaltose. 15mg/kg (max 750mg) IV over 15
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min, repeated after >J days.
Ferric citrate. Adult, NOT/kg: 2g (420mg ferric iron) 8H oral,
titrated to serum phosphate 1.1-1.8mmoi/L (max 12g/day).
Ferrous salts. Prophylaxis 2mg/kg/day elemental iron oral,
treatment 6mg/kg/day elemental iron oral. Fumarate 1 mg = 0.33mg iron. Gluconate 1mg = 0.12mg iron; so Fergon (60
mg/ml gluconate) prophylaxis 0.3ml!kg daily, treatment
1ml/kg daily oral. Sulphate (dry) 1mg = 0.3mg iron; so FerroGradumet (350mg dry sulphate) prophylaxis 7mg/kg (adult
350mg) daily, treatment 20mg/kg (adult 1050mg) daily oral.
Ferumoxides. Fe 11.2mg/ml. 0.05ml/kg (Fe 0.56mg/kg) in
2ml/kg (adult 100ml) 5% dextrose IV over 30min.
Ferumoxytol. 510mg in 17ml, total dose (ml) = 0.08 x Wt in
kg x (15 -- Hb in g/dl) IV over 1 min; adult 51 Omg IV stat and
in 3-8 days.
Fesoterodine, Adult, NOT/kg: 4-Bmg daily oral.
Fexofenadine. NOT/kg: 30mg 121-1 (6-11yr), 60mg 121-1 or
180mg daily (>11 yr) oral.
Fibrin glue. See thrombin glue.
Fibrinogen concentrate. 70mg/kg IV; or mg/kg = (targetmeasured g/L) I 0.017 = (target- measured mg/dL) I 1.7;
usual target 1g/L (1 OOmg/dL), severe hge 1.5g/L. (150mg/dl).
Fibrinolysin 8-10u/ml + desoxyribonuclease 500-667 u/ml.
Ointment or soltn: apply topically 6--241-1.
Fidaxomicin. Gl activity only: 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 121-1 oral.
Filgrastim (granulocyte CSF). Idiopathic or cyclic neutropaenia: 5mcg/kg daily SC or IV over 30m in. Gong neutropaenia: 12mcg/kg daily SC or IV over 1 hr. Marrow trans: 20-
30mcg/kg daily 1Vover4-24hr, reduce if neutrophil >1x109
/L.
Finasteride. Adult, NOT/kg. Prostatic hyperplasia: 5mg daily
oral. Alopecia: 1 rng daily oral.
Fingolimod. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg daily oral.
Flavocoxid. Adult, NOT/kg: 250-500mg 12H oral.
Flavoxate. 2-4mg/l<g (adult 100-200mg) 6-8H, or single dose
at bedtime oral.
Flecainide. 2-3mg/kg (max 1 OOmg) 12H oral, may incr over
2wk to 7mg/kg (max 200mg) 8-121-1. IV in 5%0 over 30min:
0.5-2mg/kg (max 150mg) 12H.
Flibanserin. Adult, NOT/kg: 100mg daily oral.
Floxuridine (FUDR). 100-300mcg/kg/day by constant intraarterial infsn (400-600mcg/kg/day in hepatic artery). Stop if
wee <3500/mm3 or platelets <1 00,000/mm'-
Fiucloxacillin. Oral: 12.5-25mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 6H. IM
or IV: 25mg/kg (adult 1g) 61-1. Severe inftn: 50mg/kg (adult
2g) IV 121-1 (1st wk life), 8H (2-4 wk), 61-1 or constant infsn (>4
wk). Surgery: 50mg/kg at inductn. See also ampicillin + flucl.
Fluconazole. 12mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) daily IV, higher
doses if very severe infection; if haemofiltered 12rng/kg
(adult 600mg) 12H; neonate 12mg/kg 72H (<14 days) 48H
(15-28 days). Superficial inftn: Gmg/kg (adult 200mg) stat,
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then 3mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) daily oral or IV.
Flucytosine (5-fluorocytosine). 400-1200mg/m2 (max 2g) 6H
IV over 30 min, or oral. Peak level 50-1 OOmcg/ml, trough 25-
50mcg/ml (x7.75=umoi!L).
Fludarabine. 25mg/m2 daily x5 IV over 30m in, every 28 days.
Fludrocortisone acetate. 150mcg/m2 daily oral. Fludrocortisone 1 rng = hydrocortisone 125mg in mineralocorticoid
activity, 1 Omg in glucocorticoid.
Flumazenil. 5mcg/kg every 60sec IV until awake (max total
50 meg/kg, adult 2mg); then 2 .. 1 Omcg/kg/hr if overdose.
Flumetasone. See clioquinol + flumetasone.
Flunarizine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg daily oral, reducing to 5
days/wk with two successive days off.
Flunisolide. Asthma (250mcg/puff): 1-2 puffs 12H. Nasal
(25mcg/puff): 1-2 puffs/nostrii8 .. 24H.
Flunitrazepam. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5-2mg at night, oral.
Fluocinolone. See fluocinonide.
Fluocinonide. 0.025%, 0.05% cream or oint: apply 5 .. 12H.
Fluocortolone. 0.25% cream, ointment: apply 8-12H.
Fluorescein. 1%, 2% drops: 1 drop/eye. 10% (1 00 mg/ml),
25% (250mg/ml): 8mg/kg (max 500mg) IV.
Fluorescein 0.25% + oxybuprocaine 0.4%. 1 drop/eye.
Fluoride. 0.25mg (<3yr) 0.5mg (3-6yr) 1 mg (>6yr) daily oral.
See also sodium fluoride.
5-Fluorocytosine. See flucytosine.
9-alpha-fluorohydrocortisone. See fludrocortisone.
Fluorometholone. 0.1% soltn: 1 drop/eye 6-12H.
Fluorouracil. 15mg/kg (max 1 g) IV over 41lr daily until side
effects, then 5-1 Omg/kg wkly. See also adrenaline + fluorouracil; and folinic acid.
Fluothane. Induction 0.5-4%, then 0.5-1.5% inhalation.
Fluoxetine. 0.5mg/l<g (max 20mg) daily, incr to max 1mg/kg
(max 40mg) 12H oral. Weekly 90mg cap: 1 per wk.
Fluoxetine + olanzapine. 25mg/6mg, 25/12, 50/6 or 50/12
tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 cap daily oral.
Fluoxymesterone. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) daily oral.
Flupenthixol. Oral: 0.05-0.2mg/kg (adult 3-9mg) 12H. Depot
IM: usually 0.4-0.Smg/kg (up to 5mg/kg, max 300 mg) every
2-4wk (1 mg flupenthixol deconate = 0.625mg fluphenazine
decanoate = 1.25mg haloperidol).
Flupentixol. See flupenthixol.
Fluphenazine. 0.02-0.2mg/kg (adult 1-10mg) 8-121-1 oral.
Flurandrenolide. See flurandrenolone.
Flurandrenolone. 0.025%, 0.05% cream, ointment or lotion:
apply 6-24H. 4mcg/m2 tape: apply 12H.
Flurazepam. Adult, NOT/kg: 15-30mg at night, oral.
Flurbiprofen. 1-2mgil<g (adult 50-100mg) 8H oral or PR.
0.03% drops: 1 drop/eye every 30min x4 doses.
Flutamide. Adult, NOT/kg: 250mg 8H oral.
Fluticasonefuroate. NOT/kg: inhale 100mcg daily, incr to
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200mg daily after 2wk if reqd.
Fluticasone furoate + vilanterol. NOT/kg 1 00/25mcg inhaled
daily.
Fluticasone propionate. NOT/kg. 50-100mcg (child), 100-
500 meg (adult) 12H inhaled. 0.05% soltn: 1-4 sprays/nostril
daily. 0.05% cream: daily. See also azelastine, eformoterol.
Fluticasone propionate+ formoterol. 50/5mcg, 125/5,
250/10 MDI. e:12yr (NOT/kg): 1-2 puffs 12H inhaled.
Fluticasone propionate+ salmeterol. NOT/kg. Accuhaler:
100/50mcg (child), 250/50 or 500/50 (adult) x1-2 inhltn 12H.
MDI: 50/25 (child), 125/25or250/25(adult) 1-2inhltn 12H.
Fluvastatin. 0.4mg/kg (adult 20mg) nocte oral, incr to 0.8
mg/kg (adult40mg) 12H if reqd. Slow relse: 80mg nocte.
Fluvoxamine. 0.5mg/kg (max 25mg) daily oral, incr slowly if
reqd to max 2mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) 8-24H. Slow-release
(adult, NOT/kg): 100-300mg at night oral.
Folic acid. NOT/kg. Deficiency: 50mcg (neonate), 0.1··0.25mg
(<4yr), 0.5-1mg (>4yr) daily IV, IM, SC or oral. Metabolic dis:
5mg/day. Pregnancy: 0.5mg (high risk 4rng) daily oral. With
methotrexate (NOT/kg): 5mg wkly on different day to MTX.
Folinate or folinic acid. See calciurn folinate.
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Adult, NOT/I<g, monitor
urinary oestrogen. Anovulation: usually 50-150iu SC daily for
9-12 days. Superovulation (2wl< after starting GnRH agonist):
1 00-225iu/kg daily starting day 3 of cycle.
Follitropin alpha, beta. See follicle stimulating hormone.
Follitropin alta 150iu + lutropin alfa 75iu. 1 vial daily SC.
Fomepizole. 15mg/l<g load, then 1 Omg/kg 12H for 48hr, then
15mg/kg 12H IV until ethylene glycol <0.2g/L (3.2mmoi/L) or
methanol <0.2g/L (6.2mmoi/L).
Fomivirsen. lntravitreal injection, Adult, NOT/kg. New
disease: 165mcg/eye wl<ly x3, then every 2wk. Previously
treated: 330mcg/eye stat, in 2wk, then every 4wk.
Fondaparin. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5mg SC 6hr postop, t11en daily
for 5-9 days; HIT 7.5mg daily SC.
Fondaparinux. See fondaparin.
Formestane. Adult, NOT/kg: 250mg 2wkly deep IM.
Formoterol. >4yr (NOT/kg). Powder: 12mcg inhalation 12H.
Solutn: 20mcg in 2ml nebulised 12H. See also budesonide.
Formoterol + glycopyrrolate. 4.8/9mcg MDI. 2 puffs 12H.
Formoterol + mometasone. 5/1 OOmcg, 5/200. MDI2 puffs 12H.
Fosamprenavir (FPV). ?.2yr: 30mg/kg (max 1400mg) 12H
oral. Amprenavir trough ?.400ng/ml. See also efavirenz.
Fosamprenavir + ritonavir. <o6yr: FPV 18mg/kg (max ?00
mg) + RTV 3mg/kg (max 1 OOmg) 12H oral. If >18yr can use
FPV 1400mg + RTV 200mg (na"lve) 100mg (past Rx) daily.
Fosaprepitant. Adult, NOT/kg: 125mg oral or IV over 15min
on day 1, then 80mg on day 2 and day 3.
Foscarnet. 20mg/kg IV over 30min, then 200mg/kg/day by
constant IV infsn (less if creatinine >0.1 i mmoi!L) or 60
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mg/kg 8H IV over 2hr. Chronic use: 90-120mg/kg IV over 2hr
daily.
Fosfestrol. Adult, NOT/kg. Initial: 0.5g IV over 1hr day 1, then
1g x5 days. Maintenance: 120-240mg 8H oral, later reducing
to 120-240mg daily.
Fosfomycin. 5.63g (3g base) sachet mixed with water oral.
Fosinopril. 0.2-0.8mg/kg (adult 1 0-40mg) daily oral.
Fosphenytoin. 75mg = 50mg pheny1oin (qv). Prescribed and
dispensed as phenytoin equivalents.
Fospropofol. Usually 6.5mg/kg IV, then 1.6mg/kg no more
frequently than every 4min (0.3-0.4mg/kg/min).
Fotemustine. IV over 1 hr, or lA over 4hr: 1 OOmg/m2 weekly
x3, rest 4-5wk, then every 3wk.
Framycetin sulfate (Soframycin). Subconjunctival: 500mg in
1 ml water daily x3 days. Bladder: 500mg in 50ml saline 8H
x10 days. 0.5%: eye 1drop 8H, ear 3drops 8H, ointment 8H.
Framycetin sulfate 15m gig + gramicidin 0.05mg/g. Cream,
oint (Soframycin topical): apply 8-12H. See dexamethasone.
Frangula 8% +sterculia 62%. NOT/kg: 1-2 sachets (or 1-2
5ml spoonfuls) 12·24H oral.
Fresh frozen plasma. Contains all clotting factors. 10-20
mlil<g IV. A bag is about 230ml.
Frovatriptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5mg oral (max 7.5tng/day).
Frusemide. Usually 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 20-40mg) 6-24H (daily
if preterm) oral, IM, or IV over 20min (max 0.05mglkglmin
IV). IV infsn: 0.1 .. 1mg/kg/hr (<20kg 25 mg/kg in 50ml 0.9%
saline wiU1 heparin 1 u/ml at 0.2-2 ml/hr; >20kg amp 1 Omg/ml
at 0.01-0.1 mllkg/hr); protect from light.
Fuller's earth. 2g/kg (adult 150g) 15% in water.
Fulvestrant. Adult, NOT/kg: 250mg IM once a month.
Furazolidone. 2rng/kg (adult 100mg) 6H oral7-10day.
Furosemide. See frusemide.
Fusafungine. 125mcg spray: oral1spray/10kg (adult 5
sprays) x5/day, nasal1spray/20kg (adult 3sprays) x5/day.
Fusidate, sodium. See sodium fusidate.
Fusidic acid. Fusidic acid (susp) absorption only 70% that of
sodium fusidate (tabs). Suspension: 15-20mg/kg (adult
750mg) 8H oral. Eye %: 1 drop/eye 12H. For tablets and IV,
see sodium fusidate.
Gabapentin. Anticonvulsant: 1 Omg/kg (adult 300mg) once
day 1 oral, 12H day 2, 8H day 3; then adjusted to 10-20
mg/kg 8H (max 2.4g/day). Premed: 25mg/kg (adult 1200mg)
1 hr preop. Analgesia: 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) 8H, incr if reqd
to 15mg/kg (adult 800mg) or higher BH if tolerated. Adult,
NOT/kg with evening meal oral: restless legs 600mg daily,
postherp neur 300mg incr over 4wl< to 1800mg daily.
Gadobutrol. 0.1 mmol!kg IV.
Gadopentetic acid. Adult, NOT/kg. 2mmoi/L inj: finger 1-2ml,
wrist 4ml, ankle-elbow-hip-·shoulder 1 0-20ml, knee 25-50ml.
Gadoteridol. 0.1 (max 0.3) mmol/kg IV.
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Gadoxetic acid. 0.25mmol (181.43mg) per ml: 0.1ml/kg IV.
Galantamine. Adult, NOT/kg: 4mg 12H for 4wk, then 8mg
12H, incr after 4wk if reqd to 12mg 12H oral.
Gallamine. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) IV.
Gallium nitrate. 1 00-200mg/m2
/day x5days constant IV infsn.
Galsulfase. 1 mg/kg (to nearest 5mg) weekly IV over 4-20hr.
Gamma benzene hexachloride. See lindane.
Gamma globulin. See immunoglobulin.
Gamma hydroxybutyrate See sodium oxybate.
Gamolenic acid, 2-5mg/kg (adult 120-240mg) 12H oral.
Ganciclovir. 5mg/kg 12H IV over 1 hr for 2-3wk; then 5mg/kg
IV daily, or 6mg/kg IV on 6 days/wk, or 20 mg/kg (adult 1 g)
8H oral. Congenital CMV: 7.5mg/kg 12H IV over 2hr.
Ganirelix. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.25mg daily SC from day 6 of FSH
to day of ovulation induction.
Gas gangrene (Clostridia) antitoxin. Prophylaxis: 25,000u
IM or IV. Treatment: 75,000-150,000u IV over 1 hr, repeat x1-
2 after 8-12hr; if severe also give 1 OO,OOOu IM.
Gatifloxacin. 8mg/kg (adult 400mg) daily IV over 1 hr.
Gonorrh: 8mg/kg (adult 400mg) once. 0.3% ophthalmic: 1
drop/eye 2H when awake days 1-2, then x4/day days 3-7.
Gaviscon. See alginic acid.
Gefitinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 250mg daily oral.
Gelatin, succinylated. 1 0-20ml/kg (may repeat). TY, 4hr.
Gemcitabine. 1g/m2 IV over 30m in wkly for 3wk, rest for 1wk,
then repeat 4wk cycle.
Gemeprost (PGE1 analogue). Cervical dilatation: 1 pessary
(1 mg) into posterior vagina 3hr before surgery. Termination:
1 pessary (1 mg) into posterior vagina 3H (max 5 pessaries).
Gemfibrozil. 10mgil<g (max 600mg) 12H oral.
Gemifloxacin. Adult, NOT/kg: 320mg daily oral.
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin. 9mg/m2 IV over 2hr, repeated
after 14 days.
Gentamicin. IV or IM. 1wk-10yr: 8mg/kg day 1, then 6 mg/kg
daily. >1 Oyr: 7mg/kg day 1, then 5mg/kg (max 240·-360mg)
daily. Neonate, 5mg/kg dose: <1200g 48H (0-7 days of life),
36H (8-30 days), 24H (>30 days); 1200-2500g 36H (0-7
days of life), 24H (>7 days); term 24H (0-7 days of life), then
as for 1wk-10yr. Trough level <1.0mg/L.
Gentamicin, eye drops. 0.3% 1 drop/eye every 15m in if
severe, reducing to 1drop 4-6H.
Gestodene. See ethinyloestradiol + gestodene.
Geslrinone. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5mg x2/wk un day 1 and 4 of
menstrual cycle, then on same days each wk.
Gestronol. Adult, NOT/kg: 200-400mg every 5-7 days IM.
Getfitinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 250mg daily oral.
Gimeracil. See tegafur.
Ginkgo biloba. Adult, NOT/kg: 1200mg 12H oral.
Gtatiramer, Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg daily SC.
Glibenclarnide. Adult, NOT/kg: initially 2.5rng daily oral, max
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20mg daily.
Glibenclamide + metformin. Adult, NOT/kg: 1.25/250mg 12-
24H oral, incr if reqd to 2.5/500 or 5/500 (max 10/1000) 12H.
Gliclazide. Adult, NOT/kg: initially 40mg daily oral, max
160mg 12H.
Glimepiride. Adult, NOT/kg: 2-4mg (max 6mg) daily oral.
Glimepiride + pioglitazone. 2/30mg or 4/30 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Glimepiride + rosiglitazone. 1/4mg, 2/4 or 4/4 tab. Adult,
NOT/kg: 1-2 tab daily (max 4mg/8mg) oral.
Glipizide. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg daily oral, max 20mg 12H.
Gliquidone. 0.25-1mg/kg (adult 15-60mg) 8-12H oral.
Globulin. See immunoglobulin.
Glucagon. 1u=1rng. 0.04mg/kg (adult 1-2mg) IV or IM stat,
then 10-50rncg/kg/hr (0.5mg/kg in 50ml at 1-5ml!hr) IV. Betablocker overdose: 0.1 mg/kg IV stat, then 0.3··2rncg/kg/rnin.
Glucarpidase. 50u/kg IV over 5min.
Glucosamine. Adult, NOTII<g: 1500rng daily oral.
Glucose. See dextrose.
Glucose electrolyte solution. Not dehydrated: 1 heaped
teaspoon sucrose in large cup of water (4% sucrose= 2%
glucose); do NOT add salt. Dehydrated: 1 sachet of Gastrolyte in 200ml water; give frequent sips, or infuse by NG tube.
Glutamic acid. 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) oral with meals.
Glutaraldehyde. 10% soltn: apply to wart 12H.
Glyburide. See glibenclamide.
Glycerin. See sorbolene + glycerin cream.
Glycerol. Suppos: 0.7-1g infant, 1.4·2g child, 2.8-4g adult.
Glycerol phenyl butyrate. 1.7-4.1g/m2 (1.5-3.7ml/m2 of
1.1g/rnl) 81-1 with meal, oral. 1g=1.28g sod phenylbutyrate.
Glyceryl trinitrate. Adult, NOT/kg: sublingual tab 0.3-0.9
rng/dose (lasts 30-·GOmin); sublingual aerosol 0.4-1.2 mg/
dose; slow-release buccal tab 1-10mg 8··121-1; transdermal
0.5-5cm of 2% ointment, or 5-15mg patch 8-12H; anal
fissure 2.5crn 0.4% oint 121-1. IV infsn 0.5-5mcg/kg/min
( <30kg 3mg/kg in 50ml at 0.5-5rnl/hr; >30kg 3rng/kg in 1 OOml
at 1-1 Oml/hr); use special non-PVC tubing. TY, 1-4rnin.
Glycopyrrolate. Reduce secretions, treat bradycardia: 5-10
meg/kg (adult 0.2-0.4mg) 6-81-1 IV, IM. With 0.05mg/kg neostigmine: 1 0-15rnc~;/kg IV. Anticholinergic: 0.02-0.04rng/kg
(max 2rng) BH oral. Inhaled (adult, NOT/kg): 50mcg or
15.6mcg cap daily. See fonnoterol.
Glycopyo •alate + indacaterol. 15.6/27.5 mco inhale 1 cap
121-1. 50/11 Orncg inhale 1 cap daily.
Glycopyrronium. See glycopyrrolate.
GM-CSF. See sargramostim.
Gold. See auranofin, aurothioglucose, aurothiornalate.
Golimumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 200rng SC, 100mg after 2wk,
then 1 OOrng every 4wk ..
Gonadorelin (GnRH or LHRH). Pituitary function test, child or
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adult: 1 OOmcg IV. See also leuprorelin.
Gonadotrophin. See chorionic gonadtrn, and menotrophin.
Goserelin. Adult, NOT/kg: 3.6mg SC every 28 days; implant
1 O.Smg SC every 12wk. See also bicalutamide.
Gramicidin 0.025% + neomycin 0.25% + nystatin 100,000
u/g + triamcinolone 0.1 %. Kena·comb ointment: apply 8-
12H. Kenacomb otic oint, drops: apply 8-12H (2-3 drops).
Gramicidin 25mcg/ml +neomycin 2.5mg/ml +polymyxin B
5000u/ml (Neosporin). Eye drops: 1 drop/eye every 15-30
min, reducing to 6-12H. See also dexamethasone.
Granisetron. 0.02-0.04mg/kg (adult 1 mg) daily oral, IV over
5min. Chemotherapy: 0.04mg/kg (adult max 1-3mg) IV over
5min; up to 3 doses/day, at least 10min apart; adult 1 patch
daily for up to 7 days starting 1-2 days before chemo.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM·
CSF). See lenograstim, sargramostim.
Grass allergen extract. Sublingual, NOT/kg. Ora lair <:5yr:
100 IR day1, 200 IR day2, then 300 IR daily sublingual.
Timothy grass: 2800 BAU daily. Ragweed: I tab daily.
Grazoprevir. See elbasvir.
Grepafloxacin. 8-12mg/kg (adult 400-600mg) daily oral.
Griseofulvin (Grisovin, Fulcin). 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g)
daily oral.
Griseofulvin, ultramicrosize (Griseostatin). 5.5-7mg/kg
(adult 330-660mg) daily oral.
Growth hormone. See somatropin.
Guaiacol. See codeine+ guaiacol.
Guaifenesin. See guaiphenesin.
Guaiphenesin. 4-8mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 4H oral.
Guanabenz. 0.1mg/kg (max 4mg) 12H oral, incr to max 0.6
mg/kg (max 32mg) 12H.
Guanadrel. 0.1mg/kg (max 5mg) 12H oral, incr to max 0.5
mg/kg (max 25mg) 8-12H.
Guanethidine. 0.2mg/kg (max 1 Omg) daily oral, incr to 0.5-6
mg/kg (max 300mg) daily. Regnl symp block (adult): cuff 55
mmHg >syst BP, 10-20mg in 10-25ml saline (arm) or 15-30
mg in 15-50ml (leg) IV, wait 10-ZOmin, release cuff over 5
min; >=7 days between injctns (max 12/yr).
Guanfacine. 0.02mg/kg (max 1mg) daily oral, incr over several wks to 0.05-0.0Bmg/kg (max 4mg) daily, sometimes up
to 0.12mg/kg (max 4mg) daily.
Guar gum. 1g/10kg (adult 5g) 8H oral in fluid 40rnl/g gum.
Haem arginate. 3-4mg/kg daily IV over 30-60min.
Haemaccel. See polygeline.
Haemophilus influenzae type b, vaccines. Inanimate.
<12mo: give diphtheria protein conjugate (HibTITER,
ProHIBiT), or tetanus conjugate (Act-1-IIB, Hiberix) 0.5miiM
at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo and 15mo; or meningococcal conjugate
(Pedvax HIB) 0.5rniiM at 2mo, 4mo and 15mo. If 1st dose
>18mo: give 1 dose of HibTITER or Pedvax HIB.
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Haemophilus influenzae type b + hepatitis B vaccine
(Comvax).lnanimate.0.5mi1M 2mo, 4mo, 12-15mo x3 dose.
Haemophilus influenzae type b + meningococcus type c
vaccine (Menitorix). Inanimate. 0.5ml IM 2mo, 3mo, 4mo (3
doses); boost from 12mo.
Halcinonide. 0.1% cream: apply sparingly 8-12H.
Halobetasol. 0.05% cream, ointment: apply 12-24H.
Halofantrine. 1 Omg/kg (max 500mg) 6H for 3 doses oral,
repeat after 1 wk if non immune.
Haloperidol. 0.02mg/kg (max 1 mg) daily, incr up to 0.1 rng/kg
(max 5mg) 12H IV or oral; up to 0.2mg/kg (max 10rng) 121'1
used rarely. Acutely disturbed: 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-1 Orng)
IM. Long-acting decanoate ester: 1-6mg/kg IM every 4wk.
Halothane. 0.5-4% induction, then 0.5 .. 2% inhalation.
Hemin. 1-3mg/kg 12-24H IV over 30min.
Heparin. 1mg=100u. Low dose: 75u/kg'IV stat, then 500u/kg
in 50ml 0.9% saline at 1-1.5ml/hr (10-15u/kg/hr) IV. Full
dose: 75u/kg (adult 5000u) IV stat, then 500u/kg in 50ml
saline at 2-4ml/hr (20 .. 40u/kg/hr) <12mo, 2-3ml/hr (20-30
u/kg/hr) child, 1.5-2rnl/hr (15-20u/kg/hr) adult; adjust to give
APTT 60-85 sec, or anti-Xa 0.3-0. 7u/ml. Hep lock: 1 OOu/ml.
Heparin calcium. Low dose: 75u/kg SC 12H.
Heparin, low molecular weight. See certoparin, dalteparin,
danaparoid, enoxaparin, nadroparin.
Heparinoid 0.2% + lauromacrogol 5%. Oint: apply x1-4/day.
Hepatitis A vaccine (Havrix). Inanimate. 0.5ml (child) or 1 ml
(adult) IM stat, and in 6-12mo (2doses). Boost every 5yr.
Hepatitis A vaccine (VAQTA). Inanimate. 0.5ml (child) or 1rnl
(>17yr) IM stat, and after6-18mo (2 doses).
Hepatitis A+ hepatitis B vaccine (Twinrix). Inanimate. 1-
15yr 0.5ml, >15yr 1miiM stat, after 1mo, and after5mo (3
doses). Boost every 5yr.
Hepatitis B immune globulin. See immunoglobulin, hep B.
Hepatitis B vaccine (Engerix-B, HB Vax II). Inanimate.
Engerix-B 10mcg/dose (<10yr), 20mcg (>9yr); HB Vax II
2.5mcg/dose (<10yr), 5mcg (10-19yr), 10mcg (>19yr),
40mcg (dialysis) IM stat, after 1 rno, and after 6rno (3 doses).
Boost every 5yr. See diphtheria and haemophilus vaccines.
Herpes zoster vaccine (Zostavax). Live. Age 50yr or more:
0.65ml SC once. See also Immunoglobulin, zoster.
Hetastarch. 6% 1 o .. 20rnl/kg IV.
Hexachlorophane. 3% emlsn. >12rno: apply 5ml, scrub 3min.
Hexarnethylmelamine. 150-260mg/m2 daily oral for 14-21
consecutive days of a 28 day cycle.
Hexamidine. See chlorhexidine.
Hexamine hippurate. 20mg/kg (adult 1 g) 6H oral.
Hexaminolevulinate. Adult, NOT/kg: instill100rng in 50ml.
Hexetidine. 0.1% soln: rinse/gargle 15ml (NOT/kg) 8-12H.
Histamine phosphate. 1 mg/ml base: prick, puncture or
scratch testing. 0.1 mg/ml base: intradermal testing.
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Histrelin. Usually 1 Omcg/kg daily SC.
Homatropine. 2%, 5% soltn: 1 drop/eye 4H.
Hormone replacement therapy. With uterus: sequential
combined oestrogen (eg.oestradiol) and progestogen (eg.
norethisterone) if perimenopausal; continuous combined
therapy if postmenopausal. Without uterus: oestrogen.
Human chorionic gonadotrophin. Chorionic gonadotrophin.
Human menopausal gonadotrophin. See menotrophin.
Human papillomavirus vaccine (Cervarix 2-valent,
Gardasil 4· and 9-valent). Inanimate. Females 9-26yr,
males 9-15yr: 0.5m!IM Omo, 1-2mo, 6mo (3 doses).
Hyaluronic acid. Gel 20mg/ml: 0.7-1.4ml injctd in wrinkles.
Hyaluronidase. Hypodermoclysis: add 1-1.5u/ml fluid. Local
anaesthesia: add 50u/ml soltn.
Hydralazine. 0.1 .. 0.2mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) stat IV or IM, then
4-6mcg/kg/min (adult 200-300mcg/min) IV. Oral: 0.4 mg/kg
(adult 20mg) 121-1, slow incr to 1.5mg/kg (max 50mg) 6-81-1.
Hydrochloric acid. Use soltn of i OOmmoi/L (0. 1M = 0.1 N = 1 OOmEq/L); give IV by central line only. Alkalosis: dose (ml)
=BE x Wt x 3 (give half this); max rate 2ml/kg/hr. Blocked
central line: 1.5mlllumen over 2-4hr.
Hydrochlorothiazide. i -1.5mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 12-241-1.
Hydrochlorothiazide+ quinapril. 1 Omg/12.5mg or 20/12.5
tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 10/12.5 tab daily oral, incr if reqd to
20/12.5 tab, max two 10/12.5 tab daily.
Hydrochlorothiazide + telmisarlan. 12.5/40mg, 12.5/80 or
25/80 tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Hydrochlorothiazide + valsartan. 12.5/SOmg, 12.5/160 or
25/160 tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Hydrocodone. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (max 10-·15mg) 4-6H oral. Adult,
NOT/kg: slow-rel10mg 121-1 oral, incr every 3-l days,
extended-rei 20mg daily oral, incr every 3-7 days.
Hydrocortisone. Inflammation, immunosupp, acute adr insuff:
2-4mg/kg (max ·IOOmg) 61-1 IV, reducing as tolerated. Physiological, stress: 1 mg/kg 6H IV, IM. Chronic replacement, oral:
adrenal insuff 3-4rng/m2 (max 1Om g) 8H; congen adr hypo pi
6-8mg/rn2 8H (infant), >12mo 3-6mg/m2 (max 10mg) 8H.
0.5%,1% cream, ointment: apply6-12H. 10% rectal foarn:
125mg/dose. 2.5% eye ointment: apply 6H. See clioquinol.
Hydrocortisone 1% + pramocaine 1%. Cream, foam: apply
8-121-1 after defaecation.
Hydroflumethiazide. 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 25-100mg) 12-481-1.
Hydrogen peroxide. 10 volume (3%). Mouthwash 1:2 parts
water. Skin or ear disinfectant 1:1 part water.
Hydromorphone. Oral: 0.05-0.1mg/kg (adult 2-4mg) 41-1. IM,
SC: 0.02-0.05mg/kg (adult 1 .. 2rng) 4-61-1. Slow IV: 0.01·-0.02
mg/kg (adult 0.5-1 mg) 4-61-1. l"alliative: incr to 40-50mg/day
(up to 500mg/day) oral divided doses. 1 mg 4mg oxycodone.
Hydroquinone. 3-4% cream: apply 121-1.
Hydrotatcite. 20mg/kg (adult 1g) 61-1 oral.
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Hydroxocobalamin (Vit 1312). 20mcg/kg (adult 1 OOOmcg) IM
daily for 7 days then wkly (treatment), then every 2-3mo
(prophyl); IV dangerous in megaloblastic anaemia. Homocystinuria, methylmalonic acidur: 1 mg daily IM; after response, some patients maintained on 1-1 Omg daily oral.
Hydroxyapatite. 20-40mg/kg (adult 1-2g) 8H oral.
Hydroxycarbamide. See hydroxyurea.
Hydroxychloroquine sulphate. Doses as sulphate (200rng =
155mg base). Malaria: 10mg/kg (max 600mg) daily for 3
days; prophylaxis 5mg/kg (max 300mg) once a wk oral.
Arthritis, SLE: 3-6.5mg/kg (adult 200-600rng) daily oral.
Hydroxyethylcellulose. 0.44% 1 drop per eye 6-8H.
Hydroxyethylrutosides. 5mg/kg (adult 250mg) 6-8H for 3-
4wk, then 12-24H; or 10mg/kg (adult 500rng) 12H for 3-4wk,
then daily oral.
Hydroxyprogesterone. Adult, NOT/kg: 250-500mg/wk IM.
Hydroxypropyl (methyl)cellulose. See hypromellose.
Hydroxyquinone. 4% cream: apply 12H.
Hydroxyurea. 80mg/kg oral every 3rd day, or 20-30rng/kg
daily. CNS tumors: 1.5-3g/rn2 oral stat, in 2wk, then every 4-
6wk. Sickle cell: 15mg/kg daily, incr by 5rng/kg every 12wk to
max 35mg/kg daily.
Hydroxyzine. 0.5-2rng/kg (adult 25-100mg) 6-BH oral. 0.5-1
mg/kg (adult 25 .. 100rng) 4-6H if reqd IM.
Hylan. 8rng inj into knee wkly x3; max 6 doses in 6rno.
Hyoscine (scopolamine) butylbromide. 0.5 mg/kg (adult 20-
40rng) 6-8H IV, IM or oral.
Hyoscine (scopolamine) hydrobromide. 6-8mcg/kg (adult
400-600mcg) 6-BH IV, IM, SC. Motion sickness 300mcg tab
(NOT/kg): y,; tab (2-7yr), Y, tab (7-12yr), 1-2 tab (>12yr) 6-
24H oral 30 min before, may repeat in 4hr. Transdermal
(1.5rng patch): >10yr 1 every 72hr.
Hyoscine hydrobromide 0.4mg/ml + papaveretum 20mg
/mi. 0.008 mg/kg (H)+ 0.4 mg/kg (P) = 0.02rnl/kg/dose IM.
Hyoscine methobromide (methscopolamine). 0.2mglkg
(adult 2.5-5mg) 6H oral.
Hyoscyamine (L·alropine). 2-5mcg/kg (adult 100-300 meg)
4-6H oral, sublingual, IM or IV.
Hypromellose. 0.5% soltn: 1 drop/eye prn.
Hypromellose 0.3% + dextran 70 0.1 %. 1 drop/eye prn.
lbandronate (ibandronic acid). Adult, NOT/kg. Hypercalcaemia: 2-4mg IV over 2hr once. Osteoporosis: 2.5mg daily,
or 150mg each month oral; or 3mg IV bolus evey 3mo.
lbopamine. 1.5··3mg/kg BH oral.
lbritumomab. Adult, NOT/kg. Dosimetric dose (after rituximab): 5.5 rnCi of ln-1·11 labelled ibritumomab IV over 1 Ornin.
Therapeutic dose of Y-90 ibritumornab based on response to
dosimetric dose and platelet count.
lbrutinib. Adult, NOT/kg, oral. 420mg (CLL) 560rng (MCL) daily.
Ibuprofen. 1 Omg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 4-BH oral, IV; max
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40mg/kg (adult 3.2g) per day. Arthritis: 1 Orng/kg (adult 400-
BOOmg) 6-8H (max 2.4g/day). Cystic fibrosis: 20-30mg/kg
12H. PDA: 10mg/kg stat, then 5mg/kg after 24 and 48 hr IV
over 15min. See also famotidine + ibuprofen.
lbutilide. 0.017rng/kg (max 1 mg) IV over 1 Ornin, then wait
1Om in and repeat once if reqd.
lcatibant. 15u/kg (to nearest 500u) SC, repeat 6H x2 if reqd.
lcatibant. Adult, NOT/kg: 30mg SC.
lchthammol. 1-10% crearn, ointment. Apply 6-8H.
lcodextrin 7.5% in electrolyte soltn. Adults: 1.5-2.5 litres as
once daily replacemnt for a 6-12hr glucose dialysis.
lcosapent ethyl. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2g 121-1 oral with food.
ldarubicin. 12mg/rn2 IV over 15min daily for 3 days.
ldarucizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 5g IV.
ldebenone. Adult, NOT/kg: 30mg 8H oral.
ldelalisib. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg tab 12H oral.
ldinavir. 500mg/m2 (adult800rng)8H oral, min trough 1 OOng/ml.
ldoxuridine. 0.1% eye drops: 1 drop every 15rnin for 2hr, then
hourly by day and 21-1 at night. 0.1% soltn or 0.5% ointment:
apply hourly first 24hr, then 4H.
ldursulfase. 0.5mg/kg weekly IV over 1-3hr.
Ifosfamide. Usually 1.2-2.0g/rn2 IV over 4hr daily x5, or 5-6
g/m2 (max 1 Og) IV over 24hr once. Repeat every 2-4wk.
lloperidone. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 mg 12H, incr to 6-12mg 12Horal.
lloprost. IV: 0.2ng/kg/rnin incr every 4-6hr to 2ng/kg/min (up
to 1 Ong/kg/rnin rarely). lnhaltn (NOT/kg): 2.5-5mcg x6-9/day.
lmatinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg daily (chronic CML), 600mg
daily (blast crisis) or 400mg 12H (unresponsive blast) oral.
lmidapril. 0.1 rng/kg (adult 5mg) daily oral, incr if reqd to 0.2-
0.3mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) daily.
lmiglucerase. Usual initial dose 60u/kg every 2wk IV over
2hr, adjusted according to response; reduce every 3-6rno.
lmipenem (+ cilastatin). 15mg/kg (adult 500rng) 6H IV over
30rnin. Severe inftn: 25rng/kg IV over 1hr (adult 1g) 12H (1st
wk life), 8H (2-4 wk), 6-8H or constant infsn (4+ wk).
Imipramine. 0.5-1.5mg/kg (adult 25-75mg) SH oral. Enuresis:
5-6yr 25mg, 7-10yr 50rng, >10yr 50-75mg nocte.
lmiquimod. 5% crearn: apply x2-3/wk (max 16wk) before bed;
wash off after 6-10hr. Molluscum: 0.2% cream x3/wk.
Immunoglobulin. See also antivenorns.
Immunoglobulin, anthrax. 60u/50ml vials: <10kg x1, 10-17
kg x2, 18-24kg x3, 25-34kg x4, 35-49kg x5, 50-59kg x6,
"60kg x7 IV at 0.01 rnllkg/min (max 0.5 rnllrnin) for 30rnin,
0.02mllkg/min (max 1 ml/rnin) 30 min, then 0.04mllkg/min
(max 2mllrnin). Severe: double dose if >5kg.
Immunoglobulin, antilymphocyte (thymocyte). Horse
(Atgarn): 10-15mg/kg daily for 3--5 days IV over 4hr; occasionally up to 30mg/kg daily. Rabbit (ATG-r"resenius): 2.5-
5mg/kg daily over 4-6hr IV.
Immunoglobulin, CMV. 100-200mg/kg IV over 2hr. Trans-
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plant: daily for first 3 days, wkly x6, monthly x6.
Immunoglobulin, diphtheria. 250u IM once.
Immunoglobulin, hepatitis B. 400u IM within 5 days of
needle stick, repeat in 30 days; 1 OOu IM within 24hr birth to
baby of Hep B carrier.
Immunoglobulin, human. Hypogammaglobulinaemia: 10-15
ml/kg of 6% soltn (600-900mg/kg) IV over 5-8hr, then 5-7.5
ml/kg (300-450mg/kg) over 3-4hr monthly; or 0.6ml/kg of
16% soltn (100mg/kg) every 2-4wk IM. Sepsis: 0.5g/kg IV
over 4hr. Kawasaki, Guillain-Barre, ITP, myasth gravis, Still's
dis: 35mlikg of 6% soltn (2g/kg) IV over 16hr stat, then if
required 15 ml/kg (900mg/kg) IV over 8hr each month. Prevention hep A: 0.1ml/kg (16mg/kg) IM. Prevent measles: 0.2
ml/kg (32mg/kg) IM (repeat next day if immunocompromisd).
Immunoglobulin, human subcutanoeus (SCIG). Multiply
previous IV lgG dose by 1.37, and divide this into weekly
doses. Usually 1 00-200rng/kg by SC infusion weekly. lgG/
hyaluronidase (100mg/160u): hyaluronidase 480-960u/kg SC
1Om in before 300-600mg/kg lgG every 3-4wk SC.
Immunoglobulin, rabies (Hyperab, lmogam). 20iu (0.133
ml)/kg IM once (half SC around wound), with rabies vaccine.
Immunoglobulin, respiratory syncytial virus. 750mg/kg
every month IV (50rng/ml: 1 .5ml/kg/hr for 15rnin; 3ml/kg/hr
for 15min, then 6ml/kg/hr).
Immunoglobulin, Rh (anti-D). 1ml (625iu, 125mcg) IM within
72hr of exposure. Large transfusion: 0.16ml (100iu, 20mcg)
per ml RH positive red cells (maternal serum should be anti0 positive 24-48hr after injection).
Immunoglobulin, tetanus (TIG). IM preparation, prophylaxis:
250-500iu (1-2amp). IV preparation, treatment: 4000iu ·
(100m!) at 0.04ml/kg/min for 30min, then 0.075 ml/kg/min IV;
intrathecal usually 250iu.
Immunoglobulin, zoster. 1 iu ~ 1.5mg. Within 96hr of exposure: 0-10kg 300mg, 11-30kg 600mg, >30kg 900mg IM.
lncobotulinumtoxin A. NOT/kg: 120u divided between
affected muscles IM, every 12wk if reqd. Blepharospasm:
1.25-2.5u in 3 sites/eye IM max total200u/30days.
lndacaterol. Adult, NOT/kg: 75-120mcg (max 300mcg) cap
daily using special inhaler. See glycopyrrolate.
lndapamide. 0.03-0.05mg/kg (adult 1.5-2.5mg) daily oral.
lndapamide 1.25mg + perindopril 5mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab
daily oral.
lndinavir (IDV). >28 days: 500mg/m2 (adult 800mg) 8H oral.
lndinavir + ritonavir (LPVr). >18yr: IDV 800mg + RTV 100-
200mg 12H oral.
lndocyanine green. IV. Dye dilutn: 0.1 rng/kg (adult 5mg).
Pulsion monitor: 0.25-0.Smg/kg. Liver functn: 0.5mg/kg.
Indomethacin. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 8H (max 6H) oral
or PR; max 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) per day. Submicron (adult,
NOT/kg): 20mg or40mg 8H oral. PDA: 0.1mg/kg (<1kg) or
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0.2mg/kg (>~1 kg) day 1, then 0.1 mglkg daily days 2-.Y oral or
IV over 1hr.
lndoramin. 0.5-1 .5mglkg (adult 25-75mg) 8-12H oral.
lnfliximab. 3mg/kg (arthritis, with methotrexate) 5mglkg
(Crohn's, Ulc Colitis) IV over 2hr, then (if response) after
2wk, 6wk, and then 5-1 Omglkg every 8wk.
Influenza A and B live nasal vaccine {Fiumist). >5yr: 0.25
mllnostril; repeat after 6wk if aged 5-8yr and previously
unimmunised. Boost annually (1 dose).
Influenza A and 8 vaccine. Inanimate. 0. 125rnl (3rno-2yr),
0.25rnl (2-6yr), 0.5rnl (>6yr) SC stat and 4wk later (2 doses).
Boost annually (1 dose).
Influenza A and 8 vaccine (Fiuad, Fluzone HD). ~65yr
(inanimate): 0.5rnl SC annually.
lngenol mebutate. 0.015% gel to head lesions daily x3;
0.05% gel to trunk or limbs daily x2.
Inosine acedoben dimepranol. Herpes, genital warts: 20
rnglkg (adult 1g) 6-8H oral. SSPE: 10-15mg/kg 4H oral.
Inositol nicotinate. 20mglkg (adult 1g) 6-8H oral.
Insulin. Regular insulin IV: 0.025-0.1 ulkg prn, or 0.025-0.1
u/kglhr (2.5u/kg in 50ml at 0.5-2mllhr); later 1 u/1 Og dextrose.
For hyperkalaemia: 0.1ulkg insulin and 2mllkg 50% dextrose
IV. In TPN: 5-25u/250g dextrose. SC insulin (onset/peak/
duration): glulisine, lispro 10-15rnin/1 h/2-511; aspart 15-20
min/1 h/3-5h; inhaled 1 0-15min/1 h/6h; regular Y,-1 h/2h/6-8h;
degludec 4h/9h/42h; detemir 2hlflat/2411; glargine 2h/flat
124h; isophane (NPH) 2-4h/4-12.h/18-20h; zinc (lente) 2-3h/7-
15h/24h; crystalline zinc (ultralente) 4-61111 0-30h/24-36h;
protamine zinc 4-·8h/15-20h/24-36h. If twice daily: % before
breakfast, %before dinner, with% short+% long. If multiple:
20% short-acting before each meal, 40% long··acting in 1-2
divided doses. Inhaled (Afrezza): usually 4 (or 8 or 12)
units/meal (x3/day).
Insulin (Exubera). Initially 30-39kg 1 mg, 40-59kg 2rng, 60-
79kg 3mg, 80-99kg 4mg, inl1aled 10min before meal.
Interferon alfa-2a, recombinant. Haemangiorna: 1 million
u/m2 daily SC or IM incr over 4wk to 2-3 million u/rn2 daily for
16-24wk, then x3/wk. Hep B, C: 3-6 million u/rn2 x3/wk SC or
IM for 4-6mo; higher doses may be reqd in hep B.
Interferon alfa-2a I alfa-2b, pegylated. See peginterferon.
Interferon alfa-2b, recombinant. Condylomata: 1 million unit
into each lesion (max 5) x3/wk for 5wk. Haemangiorna: as
for interferon alfa-2a. Hep B: monotherapy as for interferon
alfa-2a. Hep C (adult, NOT/kg) 3 million unit x3/wk SC, plus
ribavirin 1 g (1.2g if> 75kg) daily oral, for 24-48wk.
Interferon alfacon-1. Hepatitis C (adult, NOT/kg): lJ(lUally 9
meg (7.5mcg if not tolerated) x3/wk SC for 24wk; if relapse
15rncg x3/wk SC tor 6mo.
Interferon alfa-n3. Warts (NOT/kg): 250,000u injected into
base of wart (max 10 doses/session) x2/wk for max 8wl<.
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Interferon beta·1a. Mult scler (adult, NOT/kg): Avonex 30mcg
(6 million IU) once a wk IM, Rebif 44mcg x3/wk SC.
Interferon beta·1b. Mull scler (adult, NOT/kg): 250mcg (8
million IU) SC alternate days.
Interferon gamma-1 b. Chronic granulom dis: 1.5mcg/kg
(body area <=0.5m2
) or 50mcg/rn2 (area >0.5rn2
) x3/wk SC.
lnterleukin-2. See aldesleukin.
lobenguane (iodine 123). 5.8 rnCi per rn2 1V over 2rnin.
Iodine 5% + Kl10%. Oral, NOT/kg. Crisis: 0.1-1mi8H.
Thyroidectomy (Graves): 0.1-0.3ml 8H for l-10 days preop.
lodoquinol. See di-iodohydroxyquinoline.
Ipecacuanha syrup (total alkaloids 1.4mg/ml). 1-2ml/kg
(adult 30rnl) stat oral, NG. May repeat once in 30min.
lpilimumab. 3rng/kg IV plus nivolumab 1 mg/kg IV every 3wk
for 4 doses, then nivolurnab 3rng/kg every 2wk.
lpratropium bromide. Resp soltn (250rncg/rnl): 0.25-1 ml
diluted to 4ml 4-SH; severe attack every 20rnin for 3 doses,
then 4-6H. Aerosol 20mcg/puff: 2-4 puffs 6-8H. Nasal: 84
rncg/nostrii6-12H.
lrbesartan. 3rng/kg (adult 150mg) daily oral, incr to 6mg/kg
(adult 300mg) daily if reqd.
lrinotecan. 350rng/m2 IV over 90rnin every 3wk; reduce to
250··300mg/m2 every 3wk if toxicity.
lrinotecan, liposomal. 70rng/m2 (50··70mgim2 if UGT1 A 1 *28
l10mozygous) IV over 90rnin every 2wk.
Iron. See ferric salts, ferrous salts.
Iron dextran, iron polymaltose, iron sucrose. Fe 50rngiml:
dose (rnl) ~ 0.05 x Wt in kg x (15- Hb in g%) IM (often in
divided doses). IV infsn possible (but dangerous).
lsavuconazonium sulphate. Adult. NOT/kg: 372rng 8H oral
or IV over 1 hr for 6 doses, then daily.
lsocarboxazid. Adult, NOT/kg: 10rng 12H oral, incr over 1wl<
to 20rng 12H; then incr if reqd over 2wk to rnax 30rng 12H.
lsoconazole. 1% cream 12H. Vaginal: 600rng (2 tab) once.
lsoetharine. lnhaltn soltn (1%): 0.5ml diltd to 4rni3-6H (rnild),
1 ml diltd to 4m11-2H (moderate), undiltd constant (severe, in
ICU). Aerosol 340mcg/puff: 1-2 puffs 4-6H.
lsoflurane. 1.5-3% for induction, then 1-2.5% inhalation.
lsometheptene. 2.5rng/kg (max 130mg) stat, then 1.5mg/kg
(max 65rng) 1H to rnax 7mg/kg (max 325rng) in 12hr oral.
See also dichloralphenazone.
Isoniazid (INAH). 10rng/kg (max 300mg) daily oral, IM or IV.
Intermittent: 15mg/kg 3 times a week. TB meningitis: 15··20
mg/kg (max 500rng) daily.
Isoniazid + rifampicin. 30-49kg 150rng/1 OOmg tabs x3 daily,
''50kg 300mg/150mg tabs x2 daily oral.
Isoniazid 50mg +pyrazinamide 300mg +rifampicin 120mg
tab. 30·39kg x3, 40·-49kg x4, 50·-64kg x5, <:65kg x6tab daily.
isoprenaline. IV infsn (start with low dose and increase
gradually): <33kg 0.3mg/kg in 50ml at 0.5-10rnl/hr (0.05-
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1mcg/kg/min); >33kg give 1/5000 (0.2 mg/ml) soltn at 0.015··
0.15ml/kg/hr (0.05-0.5mcg/kg/min). TY, 2min.
Isoproterenol. See isoprenaline.
lsosorbide dinitrate. Sublingual: 0.1-0.2mg/kg (max 10mg)
2H or as needed. Oral: 0.5-1 mg/kg (max 40mg) 6H or as
needed. Slow release tab, Adult, NOT/kg: 20-80mg 12H. IV
infsn 0.6-2mcg/kg/min.
lsosorbide mononitrate. Slow release tab, Adult, NOT/kg:
60-120mg daily oral.
lsotretinoin. 0.5-1mg/kg daily oral for 2-4wk, reducing if
possible to 0.1-0.2mg/kg daily for 15·.ZOwk; total dose 120-
150mg/kg to reduce relapse. Infant: often 1 Omg cap
alternate days. 0.05% gel: apply sparingly at night.
lsoxsuprine. 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 10-20mg) 6-12H oral.
lspaghula husk. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2 x5ml teaspoonfuls 6-12H
oral. Half this dose 6-12yr.
lsradipine. 0.05mg/kg 12H oral, may incr after 2-4wk
gradually to 0.1-0.2mg/kg (max 1 Omg) 12H.
ltraconazole. Oral. Daily: liquid 3-5mg/kg cap 5-7.5 mglkg
(adult 200mg). 12H: Liquid 1.5-2.5mg/kg cap 2.5-4mg/l<g
(adult 1 OOmg). Severe inftn: liquid 5mg/kg (adult 200mg)
12H. Trough level >0.5 mcg/ml at 10-14 days.
lvabradine. 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 12H oral, range 0.05-0.15
mg/kg (adult 2.5-7.5mg) 12H.
lvacaftor. NOT/kg: 150mg 12H with fatty meal oral.
lvacaftor 125mg + lumacaftor 200mg. NOT/kg: 2 tab 12H oral.
lvermectin. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 12-24mg) oral; repeat after 7-
10 days. Onchocerciasis: 0.2mg/kg every 3-12mo (not
curative). Head lice: 0.5% lotion to hair for 10min then rinse;
repeat after 7-10 days. Rosacea: 1% cream to face daily.
lxabepilone. 40mg/m2 IV over 3hr every 21 days for median
of 4 cycles. Vary dose with CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers.
lxazomib. Adult NOT/kg: 4mg oral day 1 ,8, 15 of 28-day cycle.
lxekizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 160mg SC wk 0, then 80mg wk
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, then every 4wk.
Japanese encephalitis vaccine, inanimate. lxiaro: adult
0.5miiM stat and 28 days later. JE-Vax: 0.5ml (1-3yr), 1ml
(>3yr) SC stat, 7-14 days later, and (optionally) 1mo later.
Boost after 1 yr.
Japanese encephalitis vaccine, live. lmojev: <:12mo 0.5ml
SC, boost after 1-2yr (age 1-17yr) or 5yr (adult).
Kanamycin. Single daily dose IV or IM. Neonate: 15mg/kg
stat, then 7.5mg/kg (<30wk) 10mg/kg (30-35wk) 15mg/kg
(term <1wk) daily. 1wk-10yr: 25mglkg day 1, then 18mg/kg
daily. >10yr: 20mglkg day 1, then 15mg/l<g (max 1.5g) daily.
Trough level <5.0mgll..
Kcentra. Factor IX 25u/kg (INR 2-4), 35u/kg (INR 4-6), 50/ukg
(INR >6) at 3u/kg/min (max 210u/min) IV.
Keppra. See levetiracetam.
Ketamine. Sedation, analgesia: 1-1.5mg/kg IV, 3-4mg/kg IM
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(may repeat after 10min); infsn 2-6 meg /kg/min IV (6mg/kg
in 50ml at 1-3ml/hr). Anaesthesia: 5-10mg/kg IM, 1-2mg/kg
IV, infsn 15mg/kg in 50ml at 2-8ml/hr (10-40mcg/kg/min).
Premed: 5mg/kg oral. Incompatible with aminophylline, magnesium and salbutamoiiV.
Ketanserin. IV: 0.5-5mcg/kg/min (max 150mg/day). Oral 0.5
mg/kg (max 20mg), incr to max 1 mg/kg (max 40mg) 121-1.
Ketoconazole. Oral: 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 12-241-1. 2%
cream: apply 12-241-1. 2% shampoo: wash hair, apply liquid
for 5min, wash off.
Ketoprofen. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 6-121-1 (max 4mg/kg
or 200mg in 24hr) oral, IM. PR. Slow-rei, adults (NOT/kg):
200mg daily.
Ketoprofen + omeprazole. 1 00mg/20mg or 200/20 slow-rei
cap. Adult, NOT/kg 1 cap daily oral.
Ketorolac. Oral: 0.2mg/kg (adult 10mg) 4-61-1 (max 0.8
mg/kg/day or 40mg/day). IV or IM: usually 0.2mg/kg (adult
1 Omg) 6H; but may use 0.6mg/kg (adult 30mg) 6H (max
120mg/d) for 5 days, then 0.2mg/kg (adult 10mg) 61-1. Single
dose 1mg/kg (adult 60mg) IM. Nasal15.75mg/spray: adult 1
each nostril (<:65yr 1 nostril). Eye drop 0.5%: 1 drop 81-1.
Ketotifen. Child >2yr (NOT/kg): 1mg 121-1 oral with food.
Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2mg 121-1 oral with food.
Labetalol. Oral: 1 .. 2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 121-1, may incr
wkly to max 10mg/kg (max 600mg) 6H. IV: 0.25-0.5mg/kg
(adult 20mg) over 2min repeated every 10min if reqd, then
0.25-3mg/kg/hr.
Lacidipine. 0.04-0.12mg/kg (adult 2-6mg) daily oral.
Lacosamide. 1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 121-1, incr weekly if reqd to
2-4mg/kg (adult 1 00-200mg) 121-1 IV over 1 hr or oral.
Lactase. See tilactase.
Lactitol. 0.1-0.3g/kg (adult 10-20g) 1-3 times a day oral.
Lactulose. 3.3g/5ml soltn. Laxative: 0.5ml/kg 121-1 oral.
Hepatic coma: 1 ml/kg hrly until diarrhoea, then 6-81-1.
Lamivudine (3TC). Neonate <30 days: 2rng/kg 12H oral.
Child >30 days: 4mg/kg 121-1 oral. Adult <50kg: 2mg/kg 121-1
oral. Adult >50kg: 150mg 121-1 or 300rng daily oral. Hepatitis
B: 3-4 mg/kg (max 1 OOmg) daily oral. See also abacavir.
Lamivudine 150mg + zidovudine 300mg (Combivir). <:30kg
1 tab 121-1 oral.
Lamotrigine. 0.2rng/kg (adult 25mg) oral daily, double dose
every 2wk if reqd to max 1-2.5rng/kg (adult 50-200mg) 121-1.
Beware drug interactions.
Lanreotide, 0.5-1.0mg/kg (adult 30mg) IM every 2wk (adjust
dose and frequency according to response).
Lansoprazole. NOT/kg. 15mg (1yr-30kg) 30mg (>30kg) daily.
Lanthanum carbonate. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5-1g 81-1 with meal.
Lapatinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 1.25g every day oral (plus capecitabine 2g/rn2
/day on days 1-14 of a repeating 21 day cycle).
Laronidase. 0.58mg/kg IV once a week.
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Laropiprant +nicotinic acid. Adult. NOT/kg. 20mg/1g tabs:1
tab daily oral. incr to 2 tab daily after 4wk.
L-asparaginase. See colaspase.
Latanoprost. 50mcg/ml: 1 drop/eye daily.
Latanoprost 0.005% + timolol 0.5%. 1drop per eye daily.
Laureth-9. Spider veins: inject 0.1-0.2ml of 0.5% (1 Omg /2m I).
Small varices: 0.1-0.3ml of 1% (20mg/2ml). Medium varices:
0.5-1 ml of 3% (60mg/2ml). Max 2mg/kg/day.
Lauromacrogol. See heparinoid + lauromacrogol ointment.
L-carnitine. See carnitine, L form.
Ledipasvir 90mg + sofosbuvir 400mg. Adult, NOT/kg 1 tab
daily oral: no cirrhosis 8wk (RNA <6m IU/ml), 12wk (RNA
26m IU/ml); cirrhosis 24wk (12wk with ribavirin).
Leflunomide. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 OOrng daily x3, then 20mg daily
oral.
Lenalidomide. Adult, NOT/kg: 10rng daily oral; or 25mg daily
on days 1-21 of28 day cycles.
Lenograstim (rHuG-CSF, Granocyte). 150rncg/m2 daily se or IV over 30min. Keep wee 5,000-10,000/mm3
.
Lenvatinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 24rng daily oral.
Lepirudin. 0.4mg/kg IV stat, then 0.15mg/kg/hr (adjusted by
Af"TT) for 2-10 days.
Lercanidipine. 0.2mg/kg (adult 10mg) daily oral, incr to 0.4
mg/kg (adult 20mg) daily if reqd.
Letrozole. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5mg daily oral.
Leucovorin. See folinic acid.
Leuprolide. See leuprorelin.
Leuprorelin (GnRH or LHRH). Adult, NOT/kg: 7.5rng depot
injtn monthly IM; or microspheres 11.25rng se every 3mo.
Precocious puberiy: depot 30mg IM every 3mo.
Levalbuterol (levosalbutamol). See salbutamol.
l.evamisole. Antihelmintic: 3mg/kg (adult 150mg) oral once
(ascaris), repeat in 1wk (hookworm). Adenocarcinoma colon
(with 5-fluorouracil 450rng/m2 IV wkly): 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg)
8H oral for 3 days every 2wk.
Levetiracetam. 7mg/kg (adult 500mg) 12H oral, IV, IM, incr
every 2-4wk to max 30mg/kg (max 1.5g) 12H if reqd; higher
doses used in resistant cases. Status: 50rng/kg (max 2.5g)
IV over 10min, then 30·40mg/kg (max 2g) 8H (up to 4H if
reqd) while fitting.
Levobetaxolol. 0.5% soltn: 1drop/eye 12H.
Levobunolol. 0.25%-0.5% soltn: 1drop/eye 12·24H.
Levobupivacaine. See bupivacaine.
Levocabasline. 0.5mg/ml: 1drop/eye 6-12H max Bwk, 2
sprays/nostril 6-12H max 8wk.
Levocarnitine. See carnitine.
l.evocetirizine. NOT/kg: 2.5mg (6-11 yr) 5mg (adult) daily.
Levodopa + benserazide (4: 1 ). Adult, NOT/kg: initially
levodopa 1 OOmg 8H oral; if not controlled, incr wkly by
1 OOmg/day to max 250mg 6H.
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Levodpa + carbidopa n;, immediate < sustained < extended.
Levodopa + carbidopa. Immediate 250/25mg, 100/25 100/10
tab. Adult, NOT/kg: initially one 100/10 tab 8H oral; if not
controlled, substitute one 250/25 tab for one 100/25 tab
every 2nd day; if not controlled on 250/25 8H, incr by one
250/25 tab every 2nd day to max 6-8 tab/day. Sustained
25/100, 50/200 tab: 400-1600rng levodopa daily, divided.
Levodpa + carbidopa. Extended 23.75/95rng, 36.25/145,
48.75/195, 61.25/245 cap. Adult, NOT/kg: 8H oral23.75/95
day1, day4 36.25/145, if reqd 97.5/390 day? (incr up to
x5/day if reqd). Transfer: 1.7 x daily dose of immediate
levodopa divided 8H, then adjust.
Levodopa + carbidopa + entacapone. 50/12.5/200mg,
75/18.75/200, 100/25/200, 125/31.25/200, 150/37.5/200,
175/43.75/200,200/50/200. 1 tab 8H, titrate dose to
response (max entacapone 2g/day, levodopa 1g/day).
Levofloxacin. 5-10mg/kg {adult 250-500mg) 12-241-1 oral or
IV over 1 hr. Eye 5rng/ml: 1 drop x8/day for 2 days, then 6H.
Levofolinate, levofolinic acid, levoleucovorin. Half the
dose of calcium folinate.
Levornepromazine. See rnethotrimeprazine.
Levomethadyl acetate. Adult, NOT/kg: usual starting dose
20-40mg every 2-3 days oral.
Levomilnacipran. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg daily oral, incr by
20rng every 2 days to max 120mg daily.
Levonorgestrel. Contraception: 30mcg daily oral, starting 1st
day menstruation. Intrauterine T-systern 52mg or 13.5mg:
insert within 7 days of start of menstruation, replace after
3yr. Post-coital: 0.75mg stat and in 12hr, or 1.5mg stat oral
preferably within 12hr and no later than 7211r; or 0.5mg +
ethinyloestradiol 1 OOmcg oral witllin 72hr, repeat in 12hr.
See ethinyloestradiol, oestradiol.
Levonorgestrel +oestradiol. 7/50mcg or 15/45 per day
patch. Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1 patch/wk.
Levorphanol. 0.03-0.1 mg/kg 12-241-1 oral or SC.
Levosimendan. 0.3rng/kg {adult 0.15-0.3mg/kg) in 6ml/kg
5%1J (no heparin) and give 1.5ml/kg/hrfor 10min (12.5
meg/kg), then 0.24ml/kg/hr (0.2mcg/kg/min; adult 0.1-0.2
meg/kg/min) for 24hr IV. Via CVC or peripheral IV.
Levothyroxine sodium. See thyroxine.
Lidocaine. See lignocaine.
Lifitegrast. 5% 1 drop per eye 12H.
Lignocaine. IV: 1% soltn 0.1ml/kg (1rng/kg) over 2min, then
0.09-0.3ml/kg/hr (15-50mcg/kg/rnin); or 30mg/kg in 50ml at
50ml/hr for 2rnin, then 1.5-15ml/hr (15-50mcg/kg/min). Nerve
block: without adrenaline max 4mg/kg (0.4ml/kg of 1 %), with
adrenaline 7mg/kg (O.lml/kg of 1 %). Topical spray: max 3-4
mg/kg (Xylocaine 10% spray pack: about 10mg/puff). Topical
2% gel, 2.5% compound mouth paint/gel (SM-33), 2% and
4% soltn. 5% ointment, 10% dental ointment: apply 31-1 prn.
$9.95 +postage from orders@drugdoses.com l
0 age 60
Calculation of drug infusions (50ml syringe pump)
I. Select drug dose to be delivered in meg/kg/min (llrst column)
2. Select syringe pump infusion rate in ml/hour (centre of table)
3. Calculate number of mg of drug in 50ml syringe (top row)
Example: 10 kg child, dose 0.1-2.0 meg/kg/min, at 1-20 ml/hr
-----.-----r----,------- ·---- 0 .15mg/kg 0. 3mg/kg 0. 6mg/kg 1. 5mg/kg 3mg/kg
in SOml in SOml in 50ml in SOml in 50ml
MCG/KG/MIN
0,05
0.1
0' 2
0' 3
0.4
0. 5
ML/HR
1
2
4
6
8
10
ML/HR
1
2
3
0. 12 6
0' ll• 7 0. 16 8
ML/HR
1
1.5
2 ML/HR
1
0.9 18 9 ML/HR
1. 0 20 10 5 2 1
1----- --·--··-------1-------·---- 1.5 15 3 1.5
2. 0 20 10 4 2
3.0 6 3
{~' 0 20 8 4
5. 0 10 5
I-----11---·-+--------c--·------ ---- 6.0 12 6
"/. 0 14 7
8. 0 16 8
9. 0 18 9
10 "0 20 10
--------------------·------------ 12.0 12
~.0 ~
15.0 15
ro.o w 25.0
1-------------- ------.----- ----------· 30.0
40.0
50.0
100.0
150,0
200.0
'-------L...-----'----- --·--- '---·-·--'---
! mg/kg/hr o• 16.7 meg/kg/min~ 50 mg/kg in 50ml at lmllhr.
mg/kg in 50ml ~ 3 x (dose in meg/kg/min) I (rate in mllhr).
0.3 mg/kg (~ 3mg) of the drug in 50ml
6mg/kg 15mg/kg JOmg/kg 60mg/kg
in SOml in 50ml in 50ml in 50ml
-- ~---- ------f-
- - z - "' "' z
" Cl ::J
~ " z f---- "' z "' z ~ "' ,. [------[--------- -----1-'--- H 0 a ~ 0
z ~
0 :>! ~ "' "' "' z H z H
,--- ~ ;j "' ., "' 0
---f---- f-- ffi "'"' " ML/HR ~f!l
"' ~ ::;] <nO
l ~ ;:i 1----- "'"' 1.5
2 ML/HR " ,.,
>:
;::
~f---. ~~ 1 ~ 0 " "' ~~ 1-------· - A
3 "' i:1 10
"' u 8 '" '• "' ,. z 7 z "' ~ ML/HR
~ " 7 5 2 t
"" "' 6
------ 0 '----- "' >- 6 A
7 r--,- 3 1.5 ML/HR
10 4 2 1 '---- '" "' z f---. 1'1 0
5 H
" u F.l 0
15 6 3 1.5 '" z s 20 8 4 2 8 "' ,o H
10 5 L-..L-...
20 10 5
15
20 10
-- ---- ---- L ____
I mg/kg in 50ml at I ml/hr ~ 0.02 mg/kg/hr ~ 0.33 meg/kg/min.
mg/kg in 50ml ~50 x (dose in mg/kg/hr) I (rate in ml!hr).
Lignocaine 2.5% + prilocaine 2.5%. Cream (EMLA): 0.5g
/10cm2 (0-3mo) 1g/10cm2 (3mo-12yr) 1-2g/10cm' (>12yr)
under occlusive dressing for 1-3hr. Patch (EMLA): max 1 for
1 hr (0-3mo), 2 for 4hr (3-12mo), 5 for 4hr (>12mo).
Lignocaine+ tetracaine. Cream 70mg+70mg/g. >18yr: apply
1.3g/1 Ocm2 for 30-60min, max 400cm2
.
Linaclotide. Adult, NOT/kg: 145-290mcg daily oral. ~
Linagliptln. Adult NOT/kg 5mg tab daily. See empagliflozin.
Linagliptin + metformin. Adult, NOT/kg oral. 2.5/1000mg,
2.5/850,5/1500: 1 tab 12H. ER2.5/1000mg, 5/1000: 1 tab daily. ,
Lincomycin. 15mg/kg (adult 600mg) 8H oral, IM or IV over
1 hr. Severe inftn: 15-20mg/kg (adult 1.2g) IV over 2hr 6H.
Lindane. 1% cream, lotion. Scabies: apply from neck down,
wash off after 8-12hr. Lice: rub into hair for 4min, then wash
off; repeat after 24hr (max x2/wk).
Linezolid. 1 Omg/kg SH (child, max 600mg) or 600mg 12H
(adult), IV over 1-2hr or oral.
Linoleic acid. See fatty acids.
Liothyronine sodium (L T3). Oral: 0.2mcg/kg (adult 1 Omcg)
SH, titrated to 0.4mcg/kg (adult 20mcg) 8H. IV: 0.1-0.4
meg/kg (adult 5-20mcg) 8-12H. Septic sl10ck: 0.1-0.2
rncg/kg/hr (adult 1D0-200mcg/day) IV. l.T4, see thyroxine.
Liotrix (L T3/LT4). Adult, NOT/kg: 12.5/50mcg to 25/100 daily
oral.
Lipase, lipolytic enzymes. See pancreatic enzymes.
Lipegfilgrastim. Adult, NOT/kg: 6mg SC day 2 of chemo cycle.
Lipid. 20%: 1-3g/kg/day IV (rnl/hr = g/kg/day x Wt x 0.21).
Liraglutide. Adult, NOT/kg SC: diabetes 0.6mg for 1wk, then
1.2-1.8mg daily; obesity 0.6mg incr over 5wk to 3mg daily.
Lisdexamphetamine. NOT/kg. 6-12yr: 30mg daily oral, incr
over 2-3wk to max 70rng daily.
l..isinopril. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) daily oral, may incr over 4-
6wk to 0.2-1 rng/kg (adult 1 0-20rng) daily.
Lithium. 5-20mg/kg 8-24H oral. Slow release tab 450mg
(adult, NOT/kg): 1-2. tab 12H. Maintain trough level 0.8 ..
1.6mrnoi/L (>2mmoi/L toxic).
Lixisenatide. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omcg daily SC for 2wk, then
20mcg daily.
L-methylfotate. Adult, NOT/kg: 7.5-15rng daily oral.
Lodoxamide. 0.1% soltn: 1 drop/eye 61-1.
Lofepramide. Adult, NOT/kg: 70rng am, 70-'140mg night oral.
Lofexidine. 2-8rncg/kg (adult 10Q .. 400rncg) 6-12H oral.
Lomefloxacin. Srng/kg (adult 400mg) daily oral.
Lomita pi de. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg daily oral, incr every 4wk to
max 60rng daily if tolerated.
Lomustine (CCNU). 100-130rng/m2 oral every 6 wk.
Loperamide. 0.05-0.1 rng/kg (adult 2-4mg) 8-12H oral, incr if
reqd to max 0.4rng/kg (max 4mg) 8H.
Lopinavir + ritonavir (LPV/r). ~2wk: 230/57.5 mg/m2 (max
400/100 rng) 1211 oral. With efavirenz, fosamprerwvir, nelfin-
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avir or nevirapine (if ;e6mo): 300/75 mg/m2 (max 600/150mg)
121-1. Trough lopinavir ~1 OOOng/ml.
Lopinavir + ritonavir + saquinavir. 7 -15yr: l.PV 400mg/m2 +
RTV 100mg/m2 + SQV 750mg/m2 121-1 oral.
Loprazolam. Adult, NOT/kg: 1mg (max 2mg) bedtime oral.
Loracarbef. 4-8mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 121-1 oral.
Loratadine. NOT/kg: 2.5mg (1yr-12kg) 5mg (12-30kg), 10mg
(>30kg) daily oral.
Lorazepam. 0.02-0.06mg/kg (adult 1-3mg) 8-24H oral. IV:
0.05-0.2mg/kg IV over 2min, then 0.01-0.1 mg/kg/hr.
Lorcaserin. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg 12H oral.
Lormetazepam. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg (max 1.5mg) at bedtime oral.
Losartan. 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 25-100mg) daily oral.
Loteprednol. NOT/kg. 0.5% 1-2 drops/eye 61-1.
Lovastatin. 0.4-0.8mg/kg (adult 20-40mg) 12-24H oral. Slow
release (adult, NOT/kg): 10-60mg at bedtime.
Lovastatin +niacin. 20/500mg, 20/750, 20/1000 or 40/1000
slow-rei tab. 20mg/500mg at bedtime oral, incr if reqd every
4wk by 500mg niacin to max 40mg/2000mg.
Loxapine. 0.2-1mg/kg (adult 10-60mg) 6-12H oral, IM.
Inhaled (adult, NOT/kg): 1 Omg daily.
Lopinavir + ritonavir (LPV/r). 2:2wk: 230/57.5 mg/m2 (max
400/1 OOmg) 121-1 oral. With efavirenz, fosamprenavir, nelfinavir or nevirapine (if 2:6mo): 300/75 mg/m2 (max 600/150mg)
121-1. Trough lopinavir 2:1 OOOng/ml.
Lopinavir + ritonavir + saquinavir. 7-15yr: LPV 400mg/m2 +
RTV 100mg/m2 + SQV 750mg/m2 12H oral.
Loprazolam. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 mg (max 2m g) bedtime oral.
Loracarbef. 4-8mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 12H oral.
Loratadine. NOT/kg: 2.5mg (1yr-12kg) 5mg (12-30kg), 10mg
(>30kg) daily oral.
Lorazepam. 0.02-0.06mg/kg (adult 1-3mg) 8-24H oral. IV:
0.05-0.2mg/kg IV over 2min, then 0.01-0.1mg/kg/hr.
Lorcaserin. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg 121-1 oral.
Lormetazepam. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg (max 1.5mg) at bedtime oral.
Losartan. 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 25-100mg) daily oral.
Loteprednol. NOT/kg. 0.5% 1-2 drops/eye 6H.
Lovastatin. 0.4-0.Bmg/kg (adult 20-40mg) 12-241-1 oral. Slow
release (adult, NOT/kg): 10-60mg at bedtime.
Lovastatin + niacin. 20/500mg, 20/750, 20/1000, 40/1000
slow-rei tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 20/500 at bedtime oral, incr if
reqd every 4wk by 500mg niacin to max 40/2000rng.
Loxapine. 0.2-1mg/kg (adult 10-60mg) 6-121-1 oral, IM.
Inhaled (adult, NOT/kg): 1 Omg daily.
L-tryptophan. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2g 8H oral.
Lubiprostone. Adult, NOT/kg: 8-24mcg 12H oral with food.
Luliconazole. 1% cream. Apply daily.
Lumacaftor. See ivacaftor.
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Lumefantrine (benflumetol). See artemether.
Lurasidone. Adult, NOT/kg: 40mg daily oral with food, incr to
max 80mg daily if reqd.
Lutropin alfa (luteinising hormone). Adult, NOT/kg: 75iu
daily SC, with 75-150iu follicle stimulating hormone.
Lymecycline. 408mg = 300mg tetracycline base. Adult,
NOT/kg: 408mg 121-l oral.
Lymphocyte immune glob. See immunoglobulin, lymphocyte.
Lynestrenol. Mentrual disorders (NOT/kg): 5mg (max 15mg)
daily oral. Contraception: 0.5-2.5mg daily.
Lypressin (lysine-8-vasopressin). 1 spray (2.5iu) in 1 nostril
4-81-l, may incr to 1 spray both nostrils 4-81-l. T:/, 15min.
Lysuride. Migraine: 0.5mcg/kg (adult 25mcg) 8H oral.
Parkinson's, adults (NOT/kg): 0.2mg daily, incr by 0.2mg
daily each wk to max 1.6mg 81-l oral.
Macitentan. NOT/kg: 10mg daily oral; gradual introdtn in child.
Macrogol3350, 105g/L. 2-11yr 6.563g in 60ml water, >11yr
13. 125g in 125m I water: 1 sachet daily oral, incr to 2-3/day if
reqd. Faecal impactn >2yr: one 13. 125g sachet in 125ml
water per 5kg body wt (adult 8 sachet) consumed in <6hr
(max 3 days therapy). See also colonic lavage.
Macrogol 3350 powder 255g in 2L Gatorade. Adult 1 L oral
over 1 hr night before, 1 L next morning 5hr pre-colonoscopy.
llilacrogol 400 (polyethylene glycol) 1% + tetrahydrozoline
0.05%. 1 drop/eye 8-121-1.
Macrogol 4000. ;eayr (NOT/kg): 1 0-20g daily oral.
Mafenide acetate. 8.5% cream: apply 2mm layer 12-241-l. 5%
soltn: apply 4-81-1 to keep dressings wet.
Maggots of Lucilia sericata, sterile. Packs: standard (for
standard wound), boot (toe, amputation stump), boot (foot),
sleeve (limb wound). Change after 3 days; sooner if reqd.
Magnesium alginate. See alginic acid.
Magnesium aspartate (Magmin). 500mg tab= 1.5mmol Mg.
Low Mg: 5 tabs per m2 per day in divided doses.
Magnesium chloride 10%. 0.48g/5ml = Mg 1mmollml. Low
Mg: 0.4ml/kg slow IV, then 0.3ml/m2
/hr. My infarct (NOT/kg):
5mllhr IV for 6hr, then 1 ml/hr for 24-48hr. VF: 0.06ml/kg IV.
Magnesium hydroxide. 58rng = Mg 1mmol. Low Mg: 7.5
mrnol/m2
/day oral (1.4 ml/m2 61-1 of 78mg/ml soltn). Antacid:
10-40mg/kg (max 2g) 61-l oral. Laxative: 50-100mg/kg (max
5g). See also AI hydroxide+ Mg hydroxide+ simethicone.
Magnesium oxide. 40rng = Mg 1 rnmol. Low Mg: 7.5
mmol/m2
/day oral (1.4 ml/m2 61-l of 55mg/ml soltn).
Magnesium sulphate 50% (2mmol/ml). Low Mg: 0.2mllkg IM
or slow IV, then 0. 16ml/m2
/hr. Asthma, digoxin tachycardia,
eclampsia, prem labour, pul ht: 0.1 mlll<g (50 mg/kg) IV over
20rnin, then 0.06 mllkg/hr (30rng/kg/hr); keep serum Mg 1.5-
2.5mmoi/L (pul ht 3-4mmoi/L). Myoc infarct (NOT/kg): 2.5
ml/hr (5mmol/hr) IV for 6hr, then 0.5 mllhr (1 mmol/hr) for 24-·
48hr. VF: 0.05-0.1 ml/kg (0.1-0.2 mmol/kg) IV. Incompatible
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with aminophylline, ketamine, salbutamol. Laxative: 1 mllkg =
0.5g/kg (max 15g) as 10% soltn 8H for 2 days oral.
Malathion. See maldison.
Maldison. 0.5% liquid: 20ml to hair, wash off after 12hr.
Mannitol. 0.25-0.5g/kg IV (2-4ml/kg of 12.5%, 1.25-2.5ml/kg
of 20%, 1-2mlll<g of 25%) 2H prn, if ser osmolal <330mmoi/L.
Maprotiline. 0.15-1mg/kg (adult 10-50mg) 8-24H oral.
Maraviroc (MVC). ?: 16yr: 150mg (with strong CYP3A inhibitors, incl protease inhibitors), 300mg (with tipranavir or ritonavir), 600mg (with CYP3A inducers, incl efavirenz) 12H oral.
Resistant HIV-1 trough >50 ng/ml.
Marimastat. Adult, NOT/kg: 5-25mg (usual 10mg) 12H oral.
Mazindol. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg daily oral, up to 3mg daily.
Measles vaccine (Attenuvax). Live. ?:12mo: 0.5rnl SConce.
Measles+ mumps vaccine (Rimparix). Live. ?:12mo: 0.5ml
SConce.
Measles+ mumps+ rubella vaccine (MMRII, Priorix). Live.
?:12mo: 0.5ml SC.
Measles + mumps + rubella +varicella vaccine (PriorixTetra). ?:9mo: 0.5ml SC, if 9mo-12yr boost after 6-12wk.
Mebendazole. Oral, NOT/kg: 50mg (6mo-10kg) 100mg
(>10kg) 12H x3 days (hook, round, whip) or single dose
repeated after 2wk (thread).
Mebeverine. 135mg tab: Adult, NOT/kg 1-3 tab daily oral.
Mebhydrolin. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 8-12H oral.
Mecamylamine. 0.05mg/kg (adult 2.5mg) 12H oral; may incr
to max 0.5mg/kg (adult 25rng) 6H oral.
Mecasermin. 40-SOmcg/kg (max 120mcg/kg) 12H SC.
Mechlorethamine. See mustine HCI.
Meclizine. See meclozine.
Meclofenamate. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 6-8H oral.
Meclozine. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 12-24H oral.
Mecysteine. Adult, NOT/kg: 200mg 8-12H oral.
Medroxyprogesterone. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg daily for 5-10
days per month oral; precocious puberty 5-1 Omg daily; to
achieve amenorrhoea 1 0-20mg daily; uterine hge 60mg daily
reducing over 10 days to 1 Omg; malignancy 0.5g daily IM or
oral for 4wk, then 1 g wkly. Depot contraceptive: 150 mg
deep IM during 1" 5 days of cycle, then repeat every 12wk.
See also conjugated oestrogens.
Medroxyprogesterone +oestradiol. 2.5/1rng, 5/0.625, 5/1,
5/2 tabs. Post-menopausal: 1 tab daily oral.
Medroxyprogesterone 10mg tab+ oestradiol 4mg patch.
NOT/kg: 10rng tab daily oral for first 10-14 days of each 28
day cycle, and 4mg patch x2/wk continuously.
Medrysone. 1% soltn: 1 drop/eye 6-12H.
Mefenamic acid. 1 Orng/kg (adult 500rng) 8H oral.
Mefloquine hydrochloride. 15mg/kg (max 750mg) stat, then
10mg/kg (max 500mg) after 6-12hr. Prophylaxis: 5mg/kg
(adult 250mg) wkly. 15rng hydrochloride= 13.7mg base.
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Mefruside. 0.5-1mg/kg (up to 2mg/kg for 3 days) daily 10-14
days. then 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) every 2-3 days.
Megestrol acetate. NOT/kg: 80mg per dose 12H oral.
Meglumine antimonate. Soltn 85mg/ml of pentavalent
antimony. Same dose as sodium stibogluconate, deep IM.
Melatonin. Usually 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) at night oral. Slowrei (NOT/kg): 2mg tab at night. Sack NEJM 2010;362:440.
Meloxicam. 0.1-0.3mg/kg (adult 5-15mg) daily oral, PR.
Melphalan. Usually 6mg/m2 daily x5, repeat every 6wk.
Memantine. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg daily oral, incr by 5mg wkly
to max 10mg 12H. See donepezil.
Menadiol, menadione. See menaphthone sod bisulphate.
Menapthone sodium bisulphite (vitamin K3). NOT/kg: 5-
10mg x1-2/wk (infant) 10mg daily (child) 10mg 8H (adult)
oral. Mitochondrial dis (all ages, noUkg): 1 Omg 6H oral.
Meningococcus gp A, C, W135, Y conjugate vaccines.
Inanimate. Menactra 2-55yr 0.5miiM. Menveo 11-55yr 0.5ml
IM. Menomune 2:2yr 0.5rnl SC.
Meningococcus gp A, C, W135, Y vaccine (Mencevax
ACWY). Inanimate. >2yr: 0.5ml SC. Boost 1-3yrly.
Meningococcus gp B, conjugate vaccine (Bexsero).
Inanimate. 0.5mi1M: 2mo, 3mo, 4mo, boost 12-23mo; 6-11
rno x2 doses <:2mo apart, boost 12-23mo; 1-10yr x2 doses
;,2mo apart; 11-50yr x2 doses 2:1 mo apart.
Meningococcus gp B, conjugate vaccine (Trumenba).
Inanimate. 10-25yr 0.5ml x3 doses: stat, 2mo, 6mo IM.
Meningococcus gp C, conjugate vaccine (Meningitec,
Menjugate, NeisVac-C). Inanimate. 0.5miiM: 3 doses 1-
2mo apart (6wk-6mo), 2 doses (6-12mo), 1 dose (>12mo).
Menopausal gonadotrophin. See rnenotrophin.
Menotrophin (FSH + LH activity). Females (NOT/kg): 75+
75iu or 150+150'1u IM daily for 9-12 days until oestrogen
levels rise, then give HCG. Males (NOT/kg): 75+75iu IM x2-
3/wk with HCG 7000iu IM x2/wk.
Mepenzolate. Adult, NOT/kg: 25-50mg 6H oral.
Meperidine. See pethidine.
Mephenytoin. See methoin.
Mephobarbital. See rnethylphenobarbitone.
Mepivacaine. Max dose 5-7mg/kg.
Mepolizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 100mg every 4wk SC.
Meprobamate. 5-1 Omg/kg (max 800mg) 8-12H oral.
Meptazinol. 4mg/l<g (adult 200mg) 3-6H oral.
Mepyramine. 2-4mg/l<g (adult 100-200mg) 8H oral.
Mequitazine. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) 12H oral.
Mercaptamine. See cysteamine.
Mercaptopurine (6MP). 75-1 00mg/m2 daily oral.
Meropenem. 1 0-20mg/kg (adult 0.5·1 g) 8H IV over 5 .. 30min.
Severe inftn: 20-40mg/kg (adult 1-2g) 12H (1st wk life) 81-1
(>1wk) or constant infsn.
Mesalazine (mesalamine). Usually high initial dose, lower
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maintenance. Mesasal, Salofalk: 15-20mg/kg (adult 500mg)
8H, deer to 10mg/kg (adult 250rng) 8H oral. Adult, NOT/kg:
0.4-1.6g 8H (Asacol, Coltec); 0.5-1g 6H (Pentasa); slowrelease 1.5g (Apriso) 2.4-4.8g (Lialda) daily oral. Suppes:
0.5-1g 81-1. Enema: 1-4g nocte.
Mesna. IV over 30min: 20% of cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide dose at 0, 4 and 6 hr. Oral: 40% of dose of cytotoxic
at -2, 2 and 6hr. Nebulisr: 0.6-1.2g (NOT/kg) 4-61-1.
Mesoridazine. Oral: 0.25-3mg/kg (adult 25-150mg) 8H. IM:
0.5mg/kg (adult 25mg, max 200rng/day).
Mesterolone. 0.5rng/kg (adult 25mg) 6-12H oral.
Mestranol 50rncg + norethisterone 1rng. Contraception:
tab daily from 5th to 25th day of menstrual cycle.
Metaproterenol. See orciprenaline.
Metaraminol. IV: 0.01 mg/kg stat (repeat prn), then 0.15
mg/kg in 50ml 5% dextrose (no heparin) at 1-10ml/hr (0.05-
0.5rncg/kg/min) and titrate dose against BP. SC: 0.1mg/kg.
Metaxalone. 15mg/l<g (max 800mg) 6-81-1 oral.
Metformin. NOT/kg: 250mg (8-10yr) 500mg (>10yr) daily oral;
incr slowly 1-2wkly to max 1 g 81-1. See also alogliptin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, glibenclamide.
Metformin + rosiglitazone. 500/2, 1000/2 or 1 000/4mg tab.
Adult: 1000/2 (1000/4 after 8wk if reqd) 1 tab 121-1 oral.
Metformin + saxagliptin. 500/5, 1000/5 or 1 000/2.5mg
extended-release tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily oral.
Metformin + sitagliptin. 500/50 or 1 000/50mg cap. 1-2 cap
121-1 (max 2000mg/1 OOmg per day) oral.
Metformin + vildagliptin. 50/850mg or (if tolerated) 50/1000
121-1 oral.
Methacycline. NOT/kg: 150mg (>By) 300mg (>12y) 121-1 oral.
Methadone. 0.1-0.Zrng/kg (adult 5-10mg) 6-121-1 oral, SC, IM.
Methamphetamine. See methylamphetamine.
Methazotamide. 1-2mg/l<g (adult 50-100mg) 8-12H oral.
Methdilazine. 0.1-0.3mg/l<g (adult 4-16mg) 12-241-1 oral.
Methenamine hippurate or mandelate. See hexamine.
Methenolone. Adult, NOT/kg. Oral: 5-10mg 121-1. IM: 100mg
every 1-2wl< or 200mg every 2-3wk (carcinoma); 50-100mg
every 2wk, then every 3-4wl< (osteopor).
Methimazole. 0.3-1mg/kg (adult 20-60mg) daily oral, reducing
to 0.1-0.5mg/kg (adult 5-30mg) daily.
Methionine. 50mg/kg (max 2.5g) oral 4H for 4 doses.
Prophylaxis: 1 mg to paracetarnol 5mg.
Methocarbamol. Oral: 30mg/kg (adult 1.5g) 6H for 3 days,
then 15-20mg/kg (adult 0.75-1g) 6-81-1. IV over 5-10 min or
IM: 15mg/kg (adult 750mg) 61-1.
Methohexital. See methohexitone.
Methohexitone. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-120mg) slow IV.
Methoin. 1 rng/l<g (adult 50mg) daily oral, may incr by 1 mg/kg
each wk to max 1 Omg/kg (adult 600mg) dailt
Methotrexate. Leukaemia: typically 3.3rng/m IV daily for 4-
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6wk; then 2.5mg/kg IV every 2wk, or 30mg/m2 oral or IM
x2/wk; higher doses with folinic acid rescue. Intrathecal: 12
mg/m2 wkly for 2wk, then monthly. Arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn:
15mg/m2 (max 25mg) wkly oral, IV, IM or SC until response,
then reduce.
Methotrimeprazine. 0.25·1mg/kg (adult 12.5-50mg) 6-8H
oral, IM or IV. Up to 1g/day in severe psychosis.
Methoxamine. 0.1-0.4mg/kg (adult 5-20mg) IM, or 0.1-0.2
mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) IV over 5-10min (at least 15min
between doses). Nose drop 0.25%: 1··3drop/nostrii6-12H.
Methoxsalen. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg 2hr before UV exposure.
1% lotion: wkly before 1 min of UV light.
Methoxyflurane. Adult: 0.2-0.7% max 6ml/day or 15ml/wk.
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta. See epoetin.
Methoxypsoralen. See methoxsalen.
Methscopolamine. See hyoscine methobromide.
Methsuximide. 5mg/kg (adult 300mg) daily, may incr to max
10mg/kg (adult 400mg) s .. 12H oral.
Methyclothiazide. 0.05-0.2mg/kg (adult 2.5-10mg) daily oral.
Methyl aminolevulinate. See aminolevulinic acid.
Methylcellulose. Constipation: 30-60mg/kg (adult 1.5-3g) with
at least 1 Oml/kg (adult 300ml) fluid 12H oral. Obesity:
30mg/kg (adult 1.5g) with 5ml/kg water %hr before a meal.
Methylcysteine. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 5 .. 12H oral.
Methyldopa. 3mg/kg (adult 150mg) 8H oral, may incr to max
15mg/kg/dose (adult 750mg).
Methyldopate. 5-20mg/kg (adult 0.25-1g) 6H IV over 1hr.
Methylene blue. 1-2mg/kg (G6PD deficiency 0.4mg/kg) IV
prn. Septic shock: 2mg/kg stat IV, then 0.25-2mglkg/hr.
Methylergometrine. Adult, NOT/kg: 200rncg IM, IV over
5min, or oral; rnay repeat in 2hr, then 4-6H.
Methylergonovine. See methylergometrine.
Methylnatrexone. 0.15mglkg (max 12mg) 48H SC.
Methylphenidate. 5mg (<12yr) 10mg (>12yr) oral Sam, noon
and (occasionally) 4pm; incr wkly if reqd to max 0.4mg/kg
per dose (adult 20mg). Long acting (NOT/kg): child 1 0-60mg
(adult 1 0-80mg) in morning. Transdermal patch: apply for up
to 9hr; start with 12.5crn2
, and incr to 18. 75cm2
, 25cm2
, and
3"1.5cm2 if rqd.
Methylphenobarbitone. 4-12mglkg (adult 200-600mg) daily.
Methylprednisolone. Asthma: 0.5-1 mg/kg 6H oral, IV or IM
day 1, 12H day 2, then 1 mglkg daily, reducing to minimum
effective dose. Severe croup: 4mg/kg IV stat, then 1 mglkg
SH. Pulse therapy: 500mglm2 (max 1 g) IV daily for 3 days;
several wkly pulses may be reqd. Lotion 0.25%: apply sparingly 12 .. 24H. Methylpred 1 mg ~ hydrocort 5mg in gluco ..
corticoid activity, 0.5mg in mineralocorticoid.
Methylprednisolone aceponate. 0.1% cream, ointment:
apply 12 .. 24H.
Methyltestosterone. NOT/kg: 2.5-12.5mg/day buccal.
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Methylthioninium chloride. 0.5-0.5mg/kg (<3mo) 1-2mg/kg
(>3mo) IV over 5min, repeat after 1hr if reqd.
Methysergide. 0.02mg/kg (adult 1 mg) 12H oral, incr if reqd to
max 0.04mg/kg (adult 2mg) 8H for 3-6mo.
Metipranolol. 0.1%, 0.3%, adult: 1 drop/eye 12H.
Metirosine. 5-20mg/kg (adult 0.25-1g) 6H oral.
Metoclopramide. 0.1-0.3mg/kg (adult 10-15mg) 8H IV, IM,
oral; 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) 8H PR. Periop: 0.5 mg/kg
(adult 15-20mg) IV stat, then 0.2mg/kg (adult 10mg) 4-6H if
reqd. With chemotherapy: up to 1--2mg/kg 4H IV.
Metocurine iodide. ICU: 0.4mg/kg IV prn. Theatre: 0.1-0.4
mg/kg stat, then 0.01-0.02mg/kg/dose.
Metolazone. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) daily oral. Up to
0.5mg/kg (adult 30mg) daily short term.
Metoprolol. IV: 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) over 5 min, repeat every
5 min to rnax 3 doses, then 1-5mcgil<gimin. Oral: 1-2rng/kg
(adult 50-100mg) 6-12H.
Metreleptin. 0.06mg/kg (max 5mg) SC daily, incr if reqd to
0.13mg/kg (max 1Om g) daily.
Metronidazole. Avoid alcohol. 15mg/kg (max 1 g) stat, t11en
7.5mg/kg (max 1g) 12H in neonate (1st maintenance dose
48hr after load if <2kg, 24hr in term baby), 8H (4+ wk) IV, PR
or oral. Giardiasis: 30mg/kg (adult 2g) daily x3 oral. Amoebiasis: 15mg/kg (adult 750-800mg) 8H oral x10 days, follow
with paromycin. 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 8H oral x10 days.
C.difficile: 10 mg/kg (adult 500mg) 8H oral. Topical gel 0.5%:
apply daily. Level 60-300umol/rnl (x0.17mcg/ml).
Metyrapone. Diagnosis: 15rng/kg (minimum 250mg) 4H x6
dose oral. Cushing: 1-20rng/kg (max 1 g) 4H.
Metyrosine. See metirosine.
Mexiletine. IV infsn: 2-5mg/kg (max 250rng) over 15 min, then
5-20mcg/kg/min (max 250mg/hr). Oral: 8mg/kg (max 400mg)
stat, then 4-8mg/kg (max 400mg) 8H starting 2hr after load.
Mezlocillin. 50mg/kg 6-8H (1st wk life), 4-6H (2+ wk) IM or IV.
Serious inftn: 60mg/kg (max 3g) 4H.
Mianserin. 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 1 0-40mg) 8H oral.
Micafungin. IV over 1hr. Infant 10mg/kg, child 8mg/kg, adult
50-150mg daily. Proph: 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) daily.
Miconazole. Topical: 2% cream, powder, lotion, tincture or gel
12-24H. Vaginal: 2% cream or 100mg ovule daily x?. Oral
candida (NOT/kg): buccal tab 50mg apply to gum above
upper incisor on alternate sides daily x14.
Micro lax, Micolette enema. See saline laxatives.
Midazolam. Sedation: usually 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5mg) IV or
IM, up to 0.5mg/kg used in children; 0.2rng/kg (repeated in
1 Ornin if reqd) nasal; 0.5 mg/kg (max 20mg) oral. Infusion
(ventltd): 3mg/kg in 50ml at 1-4ml/hr (1-4mcg/kg /min); fitting
usually 2-4 ml/hr (range 1-24ml/hr). 1 mg = 2-3mg diazepam.
Midodrine. 0.06mg/kg (adult 3rng) morning and 4-6pm oral,
incr slowly if reqd to rnax 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg)
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morning, noon and 4-6pm. Beware supine hypertension.
Mifamurtide. 2mg/m2 IV x2/wk for 12wk, then wl<ly lor 24wk.
Mifepristone. Adult, NOT/kg. Termination: 200mg oral once,
then in 24-48hr misoprostol 800mcg buccal or 400mcg oral.
Cushing's syndrome: 300mg daily oral with meal, incr every
2wk if reqd to max 1200mg daily.
Miglitol. Adult, NOT/kg: 25mg 8-241-1 incr over 3-6rno to usual
maintenance dose of 50mg (max 1 OOmg) 8H oral.
Miglustat. Y, dose wk1, Y, dose wk2, then 110mg/m2 (adult
200mg) BH oral if tolerated.
Milnacipran. 0.25mg/kg (adult 12.5mg) daily oral incr over 7
days to 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) 121-1.
Milrinone. <30kg: 1 .5mg/kg in 50ml, 2.5ml over 1 hr (75
meg/kg), then 1-1 .5 ml/hr (0.5-0.75rncg/kg/min). >30kg: 1.5
mg/kg made up to 100m I, 5ml over 1 hr (75mcg/kg), then 2-3
rnllhr (0,5-0.75mcg/kg/min). TY, 2-3hr.
Miltefosine. Male 80mg/m2 (max 50mg), female 70mg/m2
(max 50mg) divided into 3 doses per day oral.
Mineral mixture (Aminogram). <5.5kg: 1 .5g/kg daily oral,
mixed with feed. >5.5kg: 8g daily (NOT/kg).
Mineral oil. See paraffin liquid.
Minocycline. Over 8yr: 4mg/kg (max 200mg) stat, then
2mg/kg (max 100mg) 121-1 oral or IV over 1hr. Sustained
release tabs (NOT/kg): 45mg (45-59kg), 90mg (60-89kg),
135mg (90kg or more) daily oral. Acne (NOT/kg): 50mg 12H
or 1 OOmg daily oral.
Minoxidil. 0.1 mg/kg (max 5mg) daily, incr to max 0.5mg/kg
(max 25mg) 12-241-1 oral. Baldness: 2% soltn (male and
female) 5% soltn (males only) 1mi12H to dry scalp.
Mipornersen. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) SC weekly.
Mirabegron. Adult, NOT/kg: 25-100mg daily oral.
Mirtazapine. 0.3-1mg/kg (adult 15-60mg) daily oral.
Misoprostol (PGE1 analogue). 5mcg/kg (max 200mcg) 4-61-1
oral. 1" trimester spont abortion: 800rncg vaginal, repeat in
24-72hr if tissue passage incomplete. See also mifepristone.
Mitomycin-C. 2m§im2 IV daily x1 0 days, repeat only if leucocytes >3000/mm + platelets >75,000.
Mitotane. 10-BOmg/kg (adult 0.5-4g) 61-1 oral.
Mitoxantrone. See mitozantrone.
Mitozantrone. Breast cancer or lymphoma: 10-14mg/rrr2 IV
over 10min every 3wk. Leukaemia: 10-12mg/m2 1V over
1 Omin daily for 3-5 days. MS: 12mg/m2 IV every 3mo.
Mivacurium. 0.15mg/kg stat, then 0.1mg/kg/dose IV. lnfsn: 5-
15mcg/kg/min.
Mizolastine. Adult, NOT/kg: slow rei tab, 1 Omg daily oral.
Moclobemide. 2-3mg/kg (adult 50-150mg) 6-121-1 oral.
Modafinil. 2-4mg/kg (adult 1 00-200mg) 121-1 oral. Adult,
NOT/kg: 200mg morning (obs sleep apnoea), 1hr before shift
(night worl( sleep disorder) oral.
Moexipril. 0.15-0.2mg/kg (adult ·r.5-10mg) 8··241-1 oral.
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Molgramostim. 5-1 Omcg/kg daily SC or IV over 6hr.
Molindone. 0. H .5mg/kg (adult 50--75mg) 8H oral.
Mometasone. 50mcg spray: 1spray/nostril (2-12yr) 2spray/
nostril (>12yr) daily. 0.1% cream or oint: apply daily.
Montelukast. NOT/kg: 4mg (1-5yr) 5mg (6-14yr) 10mg
(>14yr) daily at bedtime, oral. 2hr before exercise: 5mg (6-
15yr) 10mg (>15yr) oral, max 1 dose daily.
Moracizine. 4-6mg/kg (adult 200-300mg) 8H oral.
Moricizine. See moracizine.
Moroctogog alfa. Recombinant human factor 8; see factor 8.
Morphine. Half life 2-4 hr. IM: neonate 0.1 mg/kg, child 0.1-0.2
mg/kg, adult 1 0-20mg; half this IV over 10 min. IV (ventltd):
0.1-0.Zmg/kg/dose (adult 5-10mg). lnfsn of 1mg/kg in 50ml:
ventltd neonate 0.5-1.5 ml/hr (1 0-30mcg/kg/hr), child or adult
1-4ml/hr (20-80mcg/kg/hr). Patient controlled: 20mcg/kg
boluses (1 ml of 1 mg/l<g in 50ml) with 5min lockout time + (in
child) 5mcg/kg/hr. Oral double IM dose; slow release: start
with 0.6mg/kg 12H and incr every 48hr if reqd.
Morphine+ cyclizine. 1 Omg/50mg or 15/50. Adult, NOT/kg:
10-20mg morphine SC,IM,IV max 4hrly; max 3 doses/day.
Morphine + naltrexone. 20mg/0.8mg, 30/1.2, 50/2, 60/2.4,
80/3.2 or 100/4 cap. 1 cap 12-24H oral.
Morrhuate sodium. Adult, NOT/kg: 50-250mg per injtn.
Moxifloxacin. 20mg/kg (max 400mg) daily oral or IV. 0.5%
ophthalmic: 1 drop/eye SH for 7 days.
Moxisylyte. Adult, NOT/kg: 40-SOmg 6H oral.
Moxonidine. 4mcg/kg (adult 200mcg) 8-24H oral.
Mumps vaccine (Mumpsvax). Live. >12mo: 0.5ml SConce.
See also measles + mumps + rubella vaccine.
Mupirocin. 2% ointment: apply 8-12H.
Muromonab·CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3). 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg)
daily for 10-14 days IV over 1min.
Mustine HCI (nitrogen mustard). 0.1 mg/kg IV daily for 3-4
days. Hodgl<ins: 6mg/m2 IV day 1,8 of 14 day cycle with 14
days rest. Gel 0.016%: apply daily.
Mycophenolic acid. 400mg/m2 (max 720mg) 12H oral.
Mycophenolate mofetil. 12H oral or IV over 2hr: 400mg/m2
(max 1g) + tachrolimus, 600mg/m2 (max 1g) + cyclosporin.
Mycophenolate sodium. 720mg = 1g mofetil. With cyclosporin: 400-450mg/m2 (max 720mg) 12H oral.
Nabilone. Adult, NOT/kg: 1mg 12H, up to 2mg 8H oral.
Nabixirnols. THC/CBD 27/25mg/ml. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 oral
spray daily, incr over 2wk to max x5 morning + x7 evening.
Nabumetone. 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 12-24H oral.
Nadolol. 1-5mg/kg (adult 40-240mg) daily oral.
Nadroparin. Venous thrombosis: 90anti-XaU/kg 12H SC.
Prophylaxis: genrl surgery 2850anti-XaU (adult, NOT/kg)
daily SC; orthopaedics 40anti-XaU/kg 24H (star!' 12hr pre ..
surgery) SC, then 55anti-XaU/kg daily. Haemodialysis:
65anti-XaU/kg into arterial line at start 4hr session.
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'Nafarelin. Adult, NOT/kg: 200mcg spray to 1 nostril 12H.
Nafcillin. Oral: 15-30mg/kg 6H. Severe inftn (slow IV, IM):
40mg/kg (max 2g) 12H (1st wk life), 8H (2nd wk), 6H or
constant infsn (>2wk).
Naftidrofuryl. 2-4mg/kg (adult 100-200mg) 8H (oral) or 12H
(IM, or IV or lA infsn over 2hr).
Naftifine. 1% cream, gel: apply daily.
Nalbuphine. 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 20-30mg) 3-6H SC, IM or IV.
Anaesthesia: 0.3-1 mg/kg IV over 15min, then 0.2-0.5mg/kg
every 30min.
Nalidixic acid. 15mg/kg (adult 1 g) 6H oral, reducing to
7.5mg/kg (adult 500mg) 6H after 2wk.
Nalmefene. Opiate intoxication: 0.007mg/kg IV, and 0.0014
mg/kg after 2-5min (15min if IM, SC) if reqd. Postop sedtn:
0.25mcg/kg every 2-5min (max 4 doses). Half life 10hr.
Naloxegol. Adult, NOT/I<g: 12.5-25rng daily oral.
Naloxone. Postop sedatn: 0.002mg/kg/dose (0.4rng diluted to
20ml, give 0.1 rnl!kg/dose) repeat every 2rnin x4 if reqd, then
0.3mg/kg in 30m I at 1 ml/l1r (0.01 mg/kg/hr) IV. Opiate overdose (including newborn): 0.01 mg/kg (adult 0.4mg) (0.4mg
diluted to 10ml, give 0.25ml/kg/dose), repeated every 2min
IV (15rnin if IM or SC) x4 if reqd, then 0.3mg/kg in 30ml at 1
ml/hr (0.01mg/kg/hr) IV; intranasal (NOT/kg) 1mg mist per
nostril, or 4mg in one nostril, repeated if reqd after 3-5 min.
Naltrexone. 0.5mg/kg (adult 25mg), then 1rng/kg (adult 50mg)
daily oral. Adult, NOT/kg slow-rei: 380mg every 4wk IM.
Nandrolone decanoate. Anaemia: 1-4rng/kg (adult 50--
200mg) wkly deep IM. Osteoporsis: Adult, NOT/kg 50mg
deep IM every 3wk.
Naphazoline. 0.012-0.1%: 1-2drop/nostril, 1drop/eye 3-4H.
Naproxen.1mg = 1.1mg naproxen sodium. >1mo: 5-10mg/kg
(adult 250-500rng) 8-12H oral. Adult: 500mg 12H PR.
Naproxen + esomeprazole. See esorneprazole + naproxen.
Naproxen 500mg + sumatriptan 85mg. Adult, NOT/kg:1 tab
oral, may repeat after 2 hours (max 2 tab per day).
Naratriptan. 0.05mg/kg (adult 2.5mg), repeat after 4hr if reqd.
Natalizumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 300mg IV over 1 hr every 4wk.
Natamycin. 5%: 1 drop in eye x6-8/day for 14-21 days.
Nateglinide. Adult, NOT/kg: 60-120mg 8H oral.
Nebivolol. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) daily oral, incr to max
1 mg/kg (adult 40mg) daily.
Nebivol 5mg + valsartan 80mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 tab daily.
Nedocromil. lnhltn: 4mg (2 puffs) 6H, reducing to 12H when
imporoved. 2% eye drops: 1 drop/eye 6-24H.
Nefazodone. 1 mg/kg (adult 50 mg) 12H oral, incr by 1 mg/kg
per dose (adult 50mg) each wk to 4-6mg/kg (adult 200-300
mg) 12H. Slow release: daily dose.
Nefopam. Oral: 0.5-2rng/kg (adult 30-90mg) 8H. IM: 0.4mg/kg
(adult 20rng), may repeat in 6hr.
Neisseria meningitidis vaccine. See meningococcal vacc.
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Nelarabine. Child: 650mg/m2 IV over 1 hr daily for 5 days;
repeated every 21 days. Adult: 1500mg/m2 IV over 2hr on
days 1, 3 and 5; repeated every 21 days.
Nelfinavir (NFV). 45-55mg/kg (adult 1250mg) 12H oral, or 25-
35mg/kg (adult 750mg) 81-\. MS metabolite trough <:SOOng/ml.
Neomycin. 1 g/m2 4-6H oral (max 12g/day). Bladder washout:
40-2000mg/L. See also colistin; dexamethasone; gramicidin.
Neomycin 0.5% +prednisolone sodium phosphate 0.5%.
1 drop/eye 4-6H.
Neostigmine. Reverse relaxants: 0.05-0.07mg/kg (adult 0.5-
2.5mg) IV; suggested dilution: neostigmine (2.5mg/ml) 0.5ml
+atropine (0.6mg/ml) 0.5ml +saline 0.5ml, give 0.1 mlikg IV.
Myasth gravis (NOT/kg): neonate 0.05-0.25mg, child 0.2-0.5
mg, adult 1-2.5mg 2-41-1 IM, SC.
Nepafenac. 1 mg/ml (NOT/kg): 1 drop/eye 81-1.
Nesirilide. 2mcg/kg IV, then 0.01mcg/kg/min (range 0.005-
0.03mcg/kg/min).
Netilmicin. IV or IM. 1wk-10yr: 8mg/kg day 1, then 6mg/kg
daily. >1 Oyr: 7mg/kg day 1, then 5mg/kg (max 240-360mg)
daily. Neonate, 5mg/kg dose: <1200g 48H (0-7 days of life),
361-1 (8 .. 30 days), 24H (>30 days); 1200-2500g 36H (0-7
days of life), 24H (>7 days); term 241-1 (0-7 days of life), then
as for 1wk-10yr. Trough level <1.0mg/L.
Netupitant 300mg + palonosetron 0.5mg. 1 cap 1 hr prechemo; + dexamethasone 12mg day1 ± 8mg days 2-4 oral.
Nevi rapine (NVP). <Syr: 200mg/m2 (max 200mg) daily oral for
2wk, then 12H if no rash; 28yr: 120-150mg/m2 (max 200mg)
daily for 2wk, then 12H if no rash. Min trough 3000 ng/ml.
Niacin. Adult, NOT/kg: 1.5-Z.Og daily oral.
Niacin + lovastatin. See lovastatin + niacin.
Niacin + simvastatin. 500mg/20mg, 750/20 or 1000/20 slowrei tab. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mg/20mg at bedtime oral, incr by
500mg every 4wk to max 2000/40mg.
Niacinamide. Gel, cream: apply 12H.
Nicardipine. 0.4-0.Srng/kg (adult 20-40rng) 8H oral. 1-
3mcg/kg/rnin (max 20mg/hr) IV.
Niclosamide. 50mg/kg (adult 2g) oral.
Nicorandil. 0.1-0.6mg/kg (adult 5-30mg) 12H oral.
Nicotinamide. 4% gel: apply sparingly 12-24H
Nicotine. <:12yr (NOT/kg). Gum 2-4mg: chewed over 30min if
inclined to smoke; usually 16-24mgiday, max 60mg/day.
Lozenge 2mg, 4mg: 8-12/day oral, max 15/day. Subling tab
2mg: 1-2/hr, max 40/day. Oral spray 1 mg: max 64/day,
reduce over 3mo. Inhaler 10-15mg cartridges: 10mg max
12/day, 15mg max 6/day for 3mo, then reduce over 6-Swk.
Nasal 500mcg/spray: 1/nostril prn max 64/day for 8wk,
reducing over max 3mo. Transdermal patch 7mg, 10, 14, 15.
21: if smol<ed >20cig/day apply strongest patch daily 3-4WI<,
medium patch daily 3-4wk (initial dose if' smoked :520cig
/day), weakest patch daily 3-4wk.
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Nicotinic acid. Hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia: 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 8H. gradually incr to 20-30
mg/kg (adult 1-2g) BH oral. See also laropiprant.
Nicotinyl alcohol tartrate. Adult, NOT/kg: 25-50mg 6H, slow
release tab 150-300mg 12H oral.
Nicoumalone. 0.2mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) day 1, 0.12m/kg (adult
6mg) day 2, then 0.02-0.25mg/kg (adult 1-12mg) daily oral.
INR 2-2.5 for prophylaxis, 2-3 for treatment.
Nifedipine. Caps 0.25-0.Smg/kg (adult 10mg) 12H, tabs 0.5
mg/kg (adult 20mg) 12H oral or sublingual; incr gradually if
reqd to max 1 rng/kg (max 40mg) 8H oral.
Nilotinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg 12H oral.
Nilutamide. Adult, NOT/kg: 300mg daily oral for 4wk, then
150mg daily.
Nimodipine. 1 0-15mcg/kg/hr (adult 1 rng/hr) IV for 2hr, then
1 0-45rncg/kg/hr (adult 2 mg/hr). Adult: 60mg 4H oral.
Nintedanib. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg 12H with food oral.
Nisoldipine. Slow release: 0.2 mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) daily oral,
incr to 0.4-0.Brng/kg (adult 20·-40rng) daily.
Nitazoxanide. 100mg (12-4lmo) 200rng (4-11yr) 500rng
(>11 yr) 12H for 3 days oral.
Nitisinone. 0.5rng/kg incr after 1rno to 0.75mg/kg (max
1 rng/kg) 12H oral.
Nitrazeparn. Child epilepsy: 0.125-0.Srng/kg 12H oral. Hypnotic (NOT/kg): 2.5-5rng (child) 5-10rng (adult) nocte.
Nitric oxide. 1-40pprn (up to 80pprn used occasionally). 0.1
1/rnin of 1 OOOppm added to 10 1/rnin gas gives 1 Opprn. [NO] =
Cylinder [NO] x (1 -(Patient Fi02 / Supply Fi02)). [NO]=
Cylinder [NO] x NO flow I Total flow.
Nitrofurantoin. 1.5mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) 6H oral. Prophylaxis: 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) at night.
Nitrofurazone. 0.2% cream, soltn: 'apply every 1 .. 3 days.
Nitrogen mustard. See rnustine HCI.
Nitroglycerine. See glyceryl trinitrate.
Nitroprusside. See sodium nitroprusside.
Nivolurnab. 3mg/kg IV every 2wk. See ipilimumab.
Nizatidine. 3-5mg/kg (adult 150rng) 12H oral for max 8wk,
then daily. H pylori (adult): 300mg 12-24H.
Nomegestrol + oestradiol. 2.5mg/1.5mg x24 + inert x4-7 tab.
Contraception: 1 tab daily, starting 1st day menstruation.
Nonacog alfa, gamma. Recomb human factor 9, see factor 9.
Nonoxynol-9. 2% (Ortho), 5% (Delfen) cream: 1 applicatorful
just before intercourse. 12.5% (Delfen) foam: 1 applicatorful
<60min before intercourse.
Noradrenaline. Flows <2ml/hr may cause swings in blood
pressure. eve: for 0.02-0.2mcg/kg/min put 0.06mg/kg in 50
mi5%D at 1-10ml/hr; for 0.1-0.5mcg/kg/min put 0.15mg/kg in
50mi5%D at 2-10rnl/hr. Periph IV (short-term): 0.15mg/kg in
500ml at 10-20ml/hr (0.05-0.1mcg/kg/rnin). H\ 1-2min.
Norelgestromin. See ethinyloestradiol + norelgestromin.
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Norepinephrine. See noradrenaline.
Norethindrone. See norethisterone.
Norethisterone. Contraception: 350mcg daily. starting 1" day
of menstruation: or 200mg oily soltn IM in 1'1 5 days of cycle.
repeated once after 8wk. Menorrhagia: 1 Omg 3H until hge
stops, then 5mg 6H for 1 wk, then 5mg 8H for 2wk; or 5mg 8-
12H on days 19-26 of cycle. See also ethinyloestradiol,
mestranol, and oestradiol with norethisterone.
Norethisterone +oestradiol patches. Post-menop, NOT/kg:
none/4mg (50mcg/24hr) patch x2/wk for 2wk, then 30mg/
10mg (170/50 or 250/50mcg per 24hr) patch x2/wk for 2wk;
0.14mg/0.05mg or 0.1410.25 per day patch: 1 patch x2/wk.
Norelhisterone +oestradiol. 0.1/0.5mg, 0.5/1, 0.7/2, 112 tab.
Post-menopause (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily.
Norfloxacin. 1 Omglkg (adult 400mg) 12H oral.
Norgestimate. See ethinyloestradiol + norgestimate.
Norgestrel. See levonorgestrel.
Normacol granules. 6mo-5yr halfteasp 12H, 6-10yr 1 teasp
12H, >1 Oyr 1 teasp 8H.
Nortriptyline. 0.5-1.5mgll<g (adult 25-75mg) 8H oral.
Noscapine. NOT/kg: 7.5mg (1-6yr) 15mg (6-12yr) 15-30mg
(adult) 6-8H oral.
Noxythiolin. 1-2.5% soltn into body cavity 12-24H; left at least
30min. Max daily dose 200mglkg (max 1 Og).
NTBC (nitro-trifluoromethylbenzoyl cyclohexanedione).
0.5mglkg 12H oral.
Nystatin. <12mo 100,000u, >12mo 500,000u (1 tab) 6H NG
or oral. Prophylaxis <12mo 50,000u, >12mo, 250,000u 8H.
Topical: 1 OO,OOOu/g gel, cream or ointment 12H. Vaginal:
1 OO,OOOu 12-24H. See also gramicidin + neomycin + nystatin
+ triamcinolone cream and ointment.
Obidoxime. 4mglkg (adult 250mg) slow IV, then 0.6mg/kg/hr
(adult 30mglhr). See also atropine.
Obinutuzumab. Adult, NOT/kg. Cycle 1: 1 OOmg IV day 1,
900mg day 2, 1g day 8,15. Cycle 2-6: 1g IV day 1.
Ocriplasmin. NOT/kg: 0.125mg intravitreous into one eye:
wait at least 1 wk if other eye requires treatment.
Octocog alfa (recombinant factor 8). See factor 8.
Octoxinol (octoxynol). 1% jelly (Ortho-Gynol): 1 teaspoonful
on diaphragm before intercourse.
Octreotide. Diarrhoea: 1mcglkg (adult 50mcg) 12-24H SC,
may incr to 1 Omcg/kg (adult 250mcg) 8H. IV: 1 meg/kg stat,
then 1-5mcglkg/hr. Chyle: 5mcg/kglhr IV. Acromegaly (NOT
/kg): 0.05-0.1mg 8-12H SC incr if reqd to max 0.5mg 8H for
4wk, then slow release 20mg (10-30mg) every 4wk deep IM.
17-beta-Oestradiol. 2mg vaginal ring, replace every 3mo.
Oestradiol. NOT/kg. Post-menopausal (add a progestogen for
14 days/mo if uterus intact): tab 1-2mglday oral; patch 0.1%
(release 25, 37.5, 40, 50, 75, 80, 100mcg/day) to H1igh x1-
2/wk: metered··dose pump (0.52mgldose of 0.06%; 1.53
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mg/dose of 1 .7%) 1-3 doses/day to arm; vaginal tab 25mcg:
1 tab daily for 2wk, then 1 tab x2/wk. Oesteoporosis: every
wk apply a patch releasing 12.5mcg/day. Induction puberty:
O.Smg alternate days oral, incr over 2-3yr to 2mg/day (add
progestogen for 14 days/mo when dose 1.5mg/day or when
bleeding occurs). Tall stature: 12mg/day oral until bone age
>16yr (add progestogen for 14 days/ cycle). Gonadal failure:
2mg/day oral (add progestogen for 14 days/cycle). See also
bazedoxifene, dienogest, dydrogesterone, levonorgestrel,
medroxyprogesterone, and norethisterone with oestradiol.
Oestradiol patch, and oestradiol + norethisterone patch.
Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): oestradiol patch (50mcg/24hr)
x2/wk for 2wk, then oestradiol + norethisterone patch
(50/170 or 50/250 mcg/24hr) x2/wk for 2wk.
Oestradiol patch, and oestradiol+ levonorgestrel patch.
Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): oestradiol patch (50mcg/24hr)
x1/wk for 2wk, then oestradiol+ levonorgestrel patch (50/10
mcg/24hr) x1/wk for 2wk.
Oestradiol 0.6mg +oestriol 0.27mg +oestrone 1.4mg.
Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1-2 tab daily oral. Add a progestogen for 14 days/mo if uterus intact.
Oestradiol1mg (x11 tab), oestradiol+ levonorgestrel
1mg/0.25mg or 2mg/0.5mg (x10 tabs). Post-menopausal
(NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral for 21 days, then no tab 7 days.
Oestradiol1mg (x16 tab), oestradiol1mg + norethisterone
1 mg (x12 tab). Post-menopausal (NOT/l<g): 1 tab daily oral.
Oestradiol 2mg (x11 tab), oestradiol2mg +cyproterone
1mg (x10 tab). Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily for
21 days (start 5th day of menstruation), then 7 days no tab.
Oestradiol2mg (x16 tab), oestradiol 2mg + levonorgestrel
0.75mg (x12 tabs). Postmenopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily.
Oestradiol2mg (x16 tab), oestradiol2mg + norethisterone
1·2mg (x12 tab). Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily.
Oestradiol 2mg (x70 tab), oestradiol 2mg + medroxyprogesterone 20mg (x14 tab), placebo (x7 tab). Postmenopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral.
Oestradiol2mg or 4mg (x12 tab), oestradiol1mg (x6 tab),
oestradiol + norethisterone 2mg/1 mg or 4mg/1 mg (x1 0
tab), Post-menopausal (NOT/kg): 1 tab daily oral.
Oestriol. lnductn puberty: 0.25 mg/day incr to 2rng/day (+
progestogen12days/cycle) oral. Epiphyseal maturation: 10
mg/day (+progestogen 12days/cycle). Vaginal: 0.5mg daily,
reducing to x2/wk. Patch (Menorest) 37.5 (3.28mg), 50
(4.33mg), 75 (6.57rng), 100 (8.66mg): apply 1 patch x2/wk
(adjust dose monthly), with medroxyprogesterone acetate (if
uterus intact) 10mg x10 days/mo.
Oestrogen. See ethinyloestradiol.
Oestrone. Adult, NOT/kg. Menopause: oral 0.625-5rng daily;
vaginal 0.1-1 mg daily, deer to 1mg x2-3/wlc Hypogonadism:
1 .25-7.5mg daily oral.
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Oestropipate. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.625-7.5mg daily starting 1st
day menstruation, for 3 of every 4wk oral. Menopause: 1.5-
3mg daily oral. Intravaginal: 2-4g cream daily.
Ofatumumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 300mg IV, then 2g wkly for
7wk, then 2g every 4wk.
Ofloxacin. 5mg/kg (adult 200mg) 8-12H, or 10mg/kg (adult
400mg) 12H oral or IV over 1 hr. 0.3%: 1 drop/eye hrly for 2
days (4H overnight), reducing to 3-6H.
OKT3. See muromonab-CD3.
Olanzapine. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) daily oral; slow incr
to 0.4mg/kg (adult 20mg) daily if reqd. See also fluoxetine.
Olmesartan. 0.3mg/kg (max 1 Omg) daily oral; if reqd incr
2wkly to max 0.8mg/kg (max 40mg) daily oral. See also
amlodipine + olmesartan.
Olodaterol. NOT/kg: 2.5mcg inhaled once daily.
Olodaterol + tiolropium. NOT/kg: 2.5/2.5mcg inhaled daily.
Olopatadine. 0.1-0.2% soltn: 1 drop/eye twice a day. 0.6%
soltn: 1-2 sprays/nostrii12H.
Olpadronate. O.Smg/kg daily oral.
Olaparib. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg 12H oral.
Olsalazine. NOT/kg: 250mg 12H, incr to max 500mg 6H oral.
Maintenance: 500mg 12H.
Omacetaxine. 1.25mg/m2 12H SC day1-14 of 28 day cycle
until remission, then day1-7 of 28 day cycle.
Omalizumab. 2:6yr (NOT/kg) 150-375mg SC every 2-4wk depehding on body weight and serum lgE level.
Ombltasvir 12.5mg + paritaprevir 75mg + ritonavir 50 mg.
Adult, NOT/kg: 2 tab daily± dasabuvir 250mg 12H ± ribavirih
500mg (>75kg 600mg) 12H oral for 12-14wk. See dasabuvir.
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (1g cap). Adult, NOT/kg. Post-MI:
1' cap daily oral. Hypertriglyceridaemia: 2 cap 12H oral.
Omeprazole. Usually 0.4-0.8mg/kg (adult 20-40mg) 12-24H
oral. ZE synd: 1 mg/kg (adult 60mg) 12-24H oral, incr up to
3mg/kg (adult 120mg) 8H ifreqd. IV: 2mg/kg (adult 80mg)
stat, then 1 mg/kg (adult 40mg) 8-12H. H.pylori quadruple
therapy (adult NOT/kg): 20mg 12H +bismuth subcitrate
potassium 420mg 6H + metronidazole 375rng 6H + tetracycline hydrochloride 3l5mg 6H oral for 10-14 days. 1-i.pylori
triple therapy (adult, NOT/kg): 20mg + amoxycillin 500mg +
clarithromycin 500mg 121-1 oral for 7 days. May lower Mg.
See also ketoprofen + omeprazole.
Ondansetron. IV: proph 0.15mg/kg (adult 4mg); treatment
0.2mg/kg (adult 8mg) over 5 min, or 0.2-0.Smcg/kg/min.
Chemotherapy: 0.15mg/kg (max 16mg) 4H x3 doses IV.
Oral: 0.1-0.2mg/kg (usual max 8mg) 6-12H.
Oprelvekin (IL-11). 2mg/m2 (adult 50mcg/kg) SC daily.
Oral rehydratn soltn (ORS). See glucose electrolyte soltn.
Orciprenaline. Oral: 0.25-0.Smg/kg (adult 20mg) 6H. Resp
soltn (2%): 0.5ml diltd to 4rnl 3-6H (mild), 1ml diltd to 4ml
(moderate), undiluted continuously (severe, in ICU). Aerosol
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750mcg/dose: 2 puffs 4-6H.
Oritavancin. Adult, NOT/kg 1.2g IV over 3hr once.
Orlistat. 1.5-3mg/kg (adult 60-120mg) with each main meal
containing fat (max 3 doses/day).
Ornipressin (POR 8). IV: 0.1 u/kg/hr (max 6u/hr) for max 4hr,
then 0.03u/kg/hr (max 1.5u/hr). SC: 5u in 30ml saline, max
total dose 0.1 u/kg.
Orphenadrine. 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-1 OOmg) 8H oral.
Osalazine. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mg 6H oral.
Oseltamivir. Prem <38wk 1 mg/kg, >38wk-8mo 3rng/kg, <:9mo
3.5rng/kg (max 75mg) 12H for 5 days oral. Prophylaxis:
same dose, daily.
Osimertinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 80mg daily oral.
Ospemifene, Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg daily oral.
Oteracil. See tegafur.
Oxacillin. 15-30rng/kg 6H oral, IV, IM. Severe inftn: 40 mg/kg
(max 2g) 12H (1st wk life), 81-1 (2nd wk), 61-1 or infsn (>2wk).
Oxaliplatin. 85mg/m2 every 2wk over 2-6hr IV before 5-FU.
Oxandrolone. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 2.5-20mg) daily oral.
Turner's synd: 0.05-0.img/kg daily.
Oxaprozin. Usually 20mg/kg (max 1200mg), range 10-
26mg/kg (max 1800mg), daily oral.
Oxazepam. 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 10-30mg) 6-81-1 oral.
Oxcarbazepine. 4-5mg/kg (max 150rng) 12H oral; incr wkly
by max 5mg/kg/dose (max 300rng) to usually 15mg/kg/dose
(adult 750rng), max 25mg/kg/dose (adult 1200mg).
Oxerutin. 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 121-1 oral.
Oxethazaine. 1 Omg/5ml (with AI hydrox + Mg hydrox): Adult,
NOT/kg 5-10ml 6-81-1 oral.
Oxiconazole. 1% cream, lotion: apply 12-24H.
Oxitropium. lnhaltn: 200mcg (NOT/kg) 8-121-1.
Oxpentifylline. Adult, NOT/kg: slow release tab 400mg 8-121-1
oral.
Oxprenolol. 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 30-120mg) 8-121-1 oral.
Oxtriphylline. See choline theophyllinate.
Oxybuprocaine. 4mg/ml (0.4%): 1 drop/eye 8-121-1. Deep
anaes: 1 drop/eye every 90sec x3 doses. See also fluorescein + oxybuprocaine.
Oxybutynin. <5yr: 0.2mg/kg 8-12H oral. >5yr (NOT/ kg): 2.5-
5mg 8-121-1 oral. Slow rei: adult 5··30mg daily oral. Adult,
NOT/kg: apply 39cm2 patch (3.9mg/day) x2/wk; apply 100
mg gel sachet daily.
Oxycodone. 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-iOmg) 4-6H oral, SC or IV
(beware hypoventilation); incr if reqd. IV infsn: 0.05mg/kg/hr
(adult 2mg/hr) adjusted. Slow release: 0.6-0.9mg/kg (adult
10mg) 121-1 oral, incr if reqd. Suppos: adult 30mg 6-81-1 PR.
Oxycodone + naloxone. 5mg/2.5mg, 10/5, 20/10, 40/20 tabs.
If >80mg oxycodone/day, supplement with oxycodone.
Oxymetazoline. 0.25mg/ml = 0.025% (<6yr), 0.5mg/ml =
0.05% (>6yr): 2-3 drops or sprays in each nostril 8-121-1.
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Oxymetholone. 1-2mglkg (up to Smg/kg) daily oral.
Oxymorphone. Usually 0.02-0.03mg/kg (adult 1-1.5mg) 4-6H
IM or SC. Slow IV: 0.01mglkg (adult 0.5mg) 4-6H. Oral: 0.1-
0.4mglkg (adult 5-20mg) 4-6H; slow-release adult 5mg 12H.
PR: 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 4-6H.
Oxytetracycline. >8yr (NOT/kg): 250-500mg 6H oral, or 250-
500mg 6-12H slow IV.
Oxytocin. Labour, NOT/kg: 1-4mUimin IV, may incr to 20
mU/min max. Lactation: 1 spray (4iu) into each nostril 5min
before infant feeds.
Packed cells. 4ml/kg raises Hb 1 g%. A bag is about 300m I.
Paclitaxel. 175mg/m2 IV every 3wk, x3-6 doses. Albuminbound: 260mglm2 IV every 3wk.
Palbociculib. Adult, NOT/kg: 125mg daily oral for 21 days of
28 day cycle, with letrozole 2.5mg daily on all 28 days.
Palifermin. 60mcg/kg IV daily for 3 days before chemo, and
for 3 days after.
Paliperidone. 3mg, 6mg or 9mg slow-rei tab. Adult (NOT/ kg):
6mg daily oral; may incr by 3mg every 5-7 days; Injection
slow-rel234mg IM, 156mg after 1wk, then 117mg monthly.
Paliperidone palmitate. 78mg (=273mglmo), 117mg (=410mg
/mo), 156mg (=546mglmo), 234mg (=89mglmo) every3mo IM.
Palivizumab. 15mg/kg IM once a month.
Palonosetron. Adult: 0.25mg IV 30min before chemo.
Pamidronate. Osteoporosis, 01: 3-7mg/kg daily oral, 1 mg/kg
(adult 15-90mg) IV over 4hr daily x3 every 4mo, or once
every 3-4wk. Hypercalcaemia 20-50mglm2 (depending on Ca
level) IV over 4hr every 4wk.
Pancreatic enzymes. Cotazyme, Creon, Nutrizym, Pancrease, Pancrex, Ultrase, Viokase. NOT/kg: usually 1-5 caps
with meals. Max lipase 1 O,OOOu/kg/day.
Pancuronium. ICU: 0.1-0.15mg/kg IV prn. Theatre: 0.1 mg /kg
IV, then 0.02mglkg prn. lnfsn: 0.25-0.75mcglkg/min.
Panitumumab. 6mglkg IV over 1-2hr every 14 days.
Panobinostat. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg oral day 1,3,5,8,10,12 of
21 day cycle for 8-16 cycles.
Pantoprazole. 1mg/kg (adult 40mg) 12-24H oral, IV. Gl hge,
adult: 80mg stat, then 8mglhr. ZE: 80mg 8-12H adjusted to
achieve acid <1 Ommoi/L. May lower Mg.
Papaveretum (Omnopon). 0.2mg/kg IV, 0.4mg/kg IM (half
life 2-4hr). ICU: 0.3mglkg IV, 0.6mg/kg IM. See also hyoscine + papaveretum.
Papaverine. Adult, NOT/kg: 150-300rng 121-1 oral, 12-40 mg
x1-2/wk intracavernosal. lA lines: 0.12mg/ml.
Para-aminobenzoic acid. See aminobenzoate.
Para-aminohippuric acid. See aminohippuric acid.
Paracetamol. Oral, IV: 20mg/kg stat, then 15mglkg 4-61-1
(max 4glday); child usual daily max 60mg/kg (up to 90mglkg
for 48hr). Neonate: 7.5mg/kg (<10 days) 15mg/kg (>10 day)
6H. Rectal: 40mg/kg stat, then 30rng/kg 6H (max 5g/day).
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Paraffin. Liquid: 1ml/kg (adult 30-45ml) daily oral. Liquid 50%
+ white soft 50%, ointmnt: apply 6-12H. See also agar.
Paraldehyde. IM: 0.2ml/kg (adult 1Om I) stat, then 0.1 ml/kg 4-
6H. IV: 0.2ml/kg (adult 1Om I) over 15 min, then 0.02ml/kg/hr
(max 1.5ml/hr). Rectai,NG: 0.3ml/kg (adult 10ml) dilute 1:10.
Parathyroid hormone. 1 meg/kg (adult 50 meg) incr if reqd to
max 2mcg/kg (adult 100mcg) daily SC. See also teriparatide.
Parecoxib. Adult, NOT/kg: 40mg statIM or IV, then 20-40mg
6-12H; max 80mg/day.
Paricalcitol. 0.04-0.1 meg/kg x2-3/wk IV during dialysis, incr
every 2-4wk if reqd to max 0.24mcg/kg. Or dose in meg=
[iPTH picomoi/L]/ 7.
Paritaprevir. See ombitasvir.
Paromomycin. Amoebiasis: 10mg/kg 8H oral for 5-10 days.
Hepatic coma: 20mg/kg (adult 1 g) 6H oral.
Paroxetine. 0.4mg/kg (adult 1 Omg) daily oral, incr if rqd over
4wk to 1 mg/kg (adult 20-60mg) daily. Hot flushes (NOT/kg)
7.5mg at night oral.
Pasireotide. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.6-0.9mg 12H SC.
Pasugrel. Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg stat, then 5mg (<60kg) 10mg
("60kg) daily oral.
Paliromer. Adult, NOT/kg: 8.4g daily oral, incr to max 25.2g/d.
Pazopanib. Adult, NOT/I<g 800mg (400mg if toxicity) daily oral.
Pegademase. 10u/kg IM wkly, incr to 20u/l<g wkly.
Pegaptanib sodium. Adult: 1.65mg (0.3mg of free acid form)
by intravitreous inj every 6wk.
Pegaspargase. 82.5iu/kg (<0.6m2
) or 2500iu/m2 (>0.6m2
) IM,
or IV over 2hr, every 14 days.
Pegfilgrastim. >44kg: 6mg SC 24hr after chemo.
Peginesatide. 0.04mg/kg monthly IV or SC.
Peginterferon alfa-2a. Hep C, Adult, NOT/kg: 180mcg wkly
SC, plus ribavirin 1 g (1.2g if >l5kg) daily oral, for 48wk.
Peginterferon alfa-2b. Hep C: 1.5mcg/kg wkly SC, plus
ribavirin 15mg/kg (adult 800mg) daily oral, for 48wk.
Melanoma: 6mcg/kg/wk SC for Swk, then 3mcg/kg/wk.
Peg interferon beta-1a. Adult, NOT/kg: 63mcg SC day1,
94mcg day15, 125mcg day29 and every 14 days.
Pegloticase. Adult, NOT/kg: Smg every 2wk IV over 2hr.
Pegvisomant. 40mg SC stat, then 1 Omg daily adjusted up or
down by 5mg (max 30rng/day) every 4-6wk based on serum
IGF-1 concentration.
Pembrolizumab. 2mg/kg IV over 30m in every 3wk.
Pemetrexed. 500mg/m2 IV over 1Om in every 3wk.
Pemoline. >6yr (NOT/kg): 20-120mg daily oral.
Penbutolol. 0.4-1.5mg/kg (adult 20-80mg) daily oral.
Penciclovir. 1% cream (1 Omg/g): apply x6/day for 4 days.
Penicillamine (d-penicillamine). Arthritis: 1.5mg/kg (adult
125mg) 12H oral, incr over 3mo to max 3mg/kg (adult 375
mg) 6-8H. Wilson's dis, lead poisoning: 5-7.5 mg/kg (adult
250-500mg) 6H oral. Cystinuria: l.5mg/kg (adult 250-1000
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mg) 6H oral, titrated to urine cystine <100-200mg/day.
Penicillin V. See phenoxymethylpenicillin.
Penicillin, benzathine +procaine. 900mg/300mg in 2ml: 0-
2yr half vial, 3yr or more 1 via liM once.
Penicillin, benzathine. 1mg = 1250u. Usually 25mg/kg (max
900mg) IM once. Venereal disease: 40mg/kg (max 1.8g) IM
once. Strep proph: 25mgikg (max 900mg) IM 3-4wkly, or 10
mg/kg IM 2wkly.
Penicillin, benzyl (penicillin G, crystalline). 1 mg = 1667u.
30mg/kg 6H. Severe inftn: 50mg/kg (max 2g) IV 12H (1st wk
life), 6H (2-4 wk), 4H or constnt infsn (>4 wk).
Penicillin, procaine. 1mg = 1000u. 25-50mg/kg (max 1.2-
2.4g ) 12-24H IM. Single dose: 1 OOmg/kg (max 4.8g).
Penicilloyl polylysine (Prepen). 0.00006 molar. Scratch: 1
drop. Intradermal: 0.01-0.02ml (NOT/kg).
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate. 0.2-1mg/kg (adult 10-60mg) 6-
SH oral.
Pentagastrin. 6mcg/kg SC, or 0.6mcg/kg/hr IV.
Pentamidine isethionate. 3-4mg/kg (1.7-2.3mg/kg base) IV
over 2hr or IM daily for 10-14 days (1 mg base= 1 .5mg
mesylate = 1.74mg isethionate). Neb: 600mg/6ml daily for
3wk (treatment), 300rng/3ml every 4wk (prophylaxis).
Pentastarch. 10% soltn: 1 0-40mg/kg IV.
Pentazocine. Oral: 0.5-2.0mg/kg (adult 25-100mg) 3-4H. SC,
IM or slow IV: 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 30-60mg) 3-4H. PR: 1mg/kg
(adult 50mg) 6-12H.
Pentetate calcium trisodium. 14mg/kg (adult 1g) IV.
Pentetate zinc disodium. 14mg/kg (adult 1g) IV.
Pentobarbital. See pentobarbitone.
Pentobarbitone. 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 30-60mg) 6-BH oral, IM,
slow IV. Hypnotic: 2-4mg/kg (adult 100-200mg).
Pentosan. 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) 8H oral.
Pentostatin. 4mg/m2 IV wkly.
Pentoxifylline. See oxpentifylline.
Pentoxyverine. 0.3mg/kg (adult 15mg) 3-6H oral.
Peppermint oil. Adult, NOT/kg. 0.2ml cap: 1-2 8H oral.
Peramivir. 1 Omg/kg (max 600mg) IV over 30min once.
Perampanel. ;,12yr (NOT/kg): 2mg at night oral, incr by 2mg
wkly to max 12mg daily.
Pergolide. Parkinson's: 1 meg/kg (max 50mcg) daily, incr to
max 25mcg/kg (max 2mg) 8H oral. Hyperprolactinaemia:
0.5-3mcg/kg daily.
Perhexiline. 2mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) daily oral; adjust every 2-
4wk to max 6-Bmg/kg (adult 300-400mg) daily. Maintain
plasma level 150-600mcg/L.
Periciazine. 0.5mg/yr of age (1-10yr) 10mg (>10yr) daily oral,
incr if reqd to max 1mg/yr (1-10yr) 25mg (>10yr) 8H.
Pericyazine. See periciazine.
Perindopril. 0.05-0.15mg/kg (adult 2-8mg) daily oral. See
also amlodipine, indanapamide.
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Permethrin. 1% creme rinse (head lice): wash hair, apply
creme for 1 Omin, wash off; repeat in 7 days. 5% cream
(scabies): wash body, apply to whole body except face,
wash off after 12-24hr; repeat in 7 days.
Perphenazine. 0.1-0.3mg/kg (adult 5-20mg) 8-12H oral.
Pertussis. See diphtheria +tetanus + pertussis vaccine.
Pertuzumab. Adult, NOT/kg: 840mg IV over 1 hr stat, then
420mg over 30m in every 3wk.
Pethidine. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) IV, 0.5-2mg/kg (adult
25-1 OOmg) IM (half life 2-4hr). lnfsn: 5mg/kg in 50ml at 1-
4ml/hr (0.1-0.4mg/kg/hr). PCA 5mg/kg in 50ml: usually bolus
2ml with lockout 5min, optional background 0.5ml/hr.
Phenacemide. 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 8H oral.
Phenazocine. 0.1-0.4mg/kg (adult 5-20mg) 4-6H oral or
sublingual.
Phenazone. See benzocaine + phenazone.
Phenazopyridine. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 6H oral for 2 days.
Phendimetra:zine. 0.4-1.4mg/kg (adult 20-70mg) SH oral.
Phenelzine. 0.3-2mg/kg (adult 15-90mg) 8H oral.
Phenindamine. 0.5-1mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 8-12H oral.
Phenindione. 2mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) 12H day 1, 1 mg/kg
(adult 50mg) 12H day 2, then 0.25-1 mg/kg (adult 12.5-50mg)
12H oral. INR for prophylaxis 2-2.5, treatment 2-3.
Pheniramine. 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 6-8H oral. Slow
release tab 75mg at night.
Phenobarbital. See phenobarbitone.
Phenobarbitone. Loading dose in emergency: 20mg/kg IM or
IV over 30min stat. Ventilated: repeat doses of 1 0-15mg/kg
up to 120mg/kg or more in 24hr (beware hypotension). Usual
maintenance: 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) daily IV, IM or oral, incr
to 3-Bmg/kg daily. Level 60-172 umoi/L (x0.23 = mcg/ml).
Phenolphthalein. 0.5-5mg/kg (adult 30-270mg) at night oral.
See also agar+ paraffin + phenolphthalein.
Phenoperidine. 0.03-0.05mg/kg (adult 1 mg) every 40-60min.
Ventilated: 0.1-0.15mg/kg (adult 2-5mg) every 40-60min.
Phenothrin. Apply; shampoo after 30m in (0.5% mousse) 2hr
(0.2% lotion), 12hr (0.5% emulsion); comb hair when wet.
Phenoxybenzamine. 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 1 0-40mg) 8-12H
oral. Cardiac surgery: 1 mg/kg IV over 1-4hr stat, then 0.5
mg/kg 8-12H IV over 1hr or oral.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V). 10-15mg/kg (adult
250-500mg) 6H oral. Proph: 250mg (1mo-12yr) 250mg
(>12yr) 12H.
Phentermine. Adult, NOT/kg: 30-40mg daily oral, reducing to
15-40mg daily.
Phentermine resin. Adult, NOT/kg: 15-30mg daily oral.
Phentermine + topiramate. 3. 75mg/23mg, 7.5/46, 11.25/69,
15/92 cap. Adult, NOT/kg: incrto 7.5/46 or 15/92 cap daily.
Phentolamine. 15mg/kg in 50ml saline at 1-1 Oml/hr (5-50
meg/kg/min) IV. TV, 19min, longer if renal impairment.
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Phenylbutazone. Initially 2mg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) 4H, reducing
to 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-1 OOmg) 6-SH oral.
Phenylephrine. IV: 2-10mcg/kg stat (adult 500mcg), then 1-
5mcg/kg/rnin. SC or IM: 0.1-0.2rng/kg (max 1Om g). Oral: 0.2
mg/kg (max 10mg) 6-SH. 0.15%, 10% eye drops: 1 drop/eye
6-8H. 0.25%, 0.5% nose drops: 1-3 drops/sprays per nostril
6-8H. See also chlorpheniramine.
Phenylephrine 0.12% +prednisolone acetate 1%. 1 drop
per eye 6-12H.
Phenyltoloxamine. 1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8H oral.
Phenytoin. Loading dose in emergency: 15-20mg/kg (max
1.5g) in saline IV over 1 hr. Initial maintenance, oral or IV:
2mg/kg 12H (preterm); 3mg/kg 12H (1st wk life), 8H (2wk4yr), 12H (5-12yr); 2mg/kg (usual max 100mg) 8H >12 yr.
Level 40-80 umoi/L (x0.25 = mcg/ml).
Pholcodine. NOT/kg: 2.5-5mg (6-12yr) 10-15mg (>12yr) 6-8H
oral.
Phosphate, as potassium dihydrogenphosphate (1mmol/
ml). Usually 0.06mmol/kg/hr for 6hr IV, max 0.2mmol/kg/hr
(max 70mmol/day).
Phosphate, sodium. Laxative, diluted, NOT/kg: 250mg (2-
4yr) 250-500mg (>4yr) 6H oral.
Phosphate, sodium (Fleet enema). Na 1.61 mEq/L + P04
4.15 mEq/L + P 1.38mEq/L: 33ml (2-5yr), 66ml (5-11yr),
133ml (adult) rectal.
Phosphatidylcholine. Usually 60mg/kg (max 3g) daily oral.
Phosphocol P32. Adult, NOT/kg. Peritoneum: 370-740 MBq
(10-20 mCi). Peritoneal: 222-444 MBq (6-12 mCi). Interstitial:
3.7-18.5 MBq (0.1-0.5 mCi) per gram of tumor.
Phosphocysteamine. 1 Omg/kg 6H oral, incr by 2.5mg/kg per
dose every 2wk to 1 0-20mg/kg 61-l so leukocyte half-cysteine
<2nmol per mg protein 6hr after dose.
Physostigmine. 0.02mg/kg (max 1 mg) IV every 5 min until
response (max 0.1mg/kg), then 0.5-Z.Orncg/kg/min.
Phytomenadione (vitamin K1 ). Deficiency with hge: FFP
10ml/kg, then 0.3mg/kg (max 10mg), IM or IV over 1hr.
Prophylaxis in neonates (NOT/kg): 1mg (0.1ml) IM at birth.
Warfarin reversal: 0.02mg/kg (max 1 mg) IV, SC, oral (repeat
if reqd); if severe hge 0.3mg/kg (max 1Om g) with FFP 10
ml/kg. Mitochondrial disease (NOT/kg): 1 Omg 61-l oral. Cystic
fib: 2.5mg (<2yr) 5mg (2-5yr) 10mg (>5yr) x2/wk.
Phytonadione. See phytomenadione.
Picibanil (OK-432). 1 Klinishe Einheit = 0.1 mg. 1 mg into
tumour 1-2wk preop, then 0.5mg/2wk ID for 1yr postop.
Pilocarpine. 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 4-81-l oral. 0.5%, 1%, 2%,
3%,4% eye drops: 1 drop/eye 6-12H.
Pimavanserin. Adult, NOT/kg: 34mg daily oral.
Pimecrolimus. 1% cream: apply 12H.
Pimozide. 0.04mg/kg (adult 20mg) daily oral, incr if reqd to
max 0.4mg/kg (adult 20mg) daily.
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Pindolol. 0.3mg/kg (adult 15mg) 8-24H oral.
Pine tar. Gel, solution: 5ml to baby bath, 15-30ml to adult
bath; soak for 1Om in.
Pioglitazone. Adult, NOT/kg: 15-45mg daily oral. See also
alogliptin, glimepiride.
Pipamperone. Adult, NOT/kg: 40mg (max 120mg) BH oral.
Pipecuronium. 20-85mcg/kg IV stat, then 5-25rncg/kg prn.
Piperacillin. 1 OOmg/kg (adult 2-4g) 8H (<6mo) 6-BH (e:6rno);
consider constant infsn for severe inftn.
Piperacillin 4g + tazobactam 0.5g. As for piperacillin.
Piperaquine. See dihydroartemisinin + piperaquine.
Piperazine. 75mg/kg (max 4g) oral daily for 2 days (ascaris),
7 days (pinworm).
Piperazine oestrone sulphate. See estropipate.
Piperonyl butoxide bioallethrin. Apply enough to wet scalp
or body, leave 30min, wash off.
Pipotiazine. Oily injtn: initially 0.5mg/kg (adult 25mg), then
gradual incr to 1-4mg/kg (adult 50-200mg) every 4wk IM.
Piracetam. 15mg/kg (max 800mg) 8H oral, IM or IV.
Pirbuterol. Oral: 0.2-0.3mg/kg (adult 10-15mg) 6-BH. lnhaltn
(NOT/kg): 0.2-0.4mg 4-6H.
Pirfenidone. 267mg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1cap BH oral for 1wk,
2cap 81-1 1 wk, then 3cap BH.
Piroxicam. 0.2-0.4mg/kg (adult 10-20mg) daily oral. Gel
5mg/g: apply 1g (3cm) 6-8H for up to 2wk.
Pitavastatin. Adult, NOT/kg: 2mg (max 4mg) daily orai.
Pivampicillin. 15mg/kg (adult 500rng) 8-12H oral.
Pivampicillin 1.25mg + pivmecillinam 1mg. 10mg/kg per
dose (adult 250mg) of pivampicillin 12H oral.
Pivmecillinam. 5-1 Omg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 6-8H oral.
Pixantrone. 50rng/m2 IV over 60min on days 1, 8 and 15 of
each 28 day cycle.
Pizotifen. NOT/kg: 0.5mg daily oral, incr if reqd to max 0.5mg
morning and 1 mg at night.
Plague vaccine (CSL). Inanimate. Adult (>11 yr): 0.5ml SC
stat, and 1-4wk later (2 doses); boost every 6mo. Child:
0.1ml (6rno-2yr), 0.2ml (3-6yr), 0.3ml (7-11yr) SC stat, 1-4wk
later, and 1-4wk later (3 doses); boost every 6mo.
Platelets. <10kg 10ml/kg (max 1 paed pack); 10-20kg 10
rnl/kg (or 2 paed pack); 20-30kg 1 Oml/kg (or 3 paed pack);
>30kg 1 adult pack (max 1 Oml/kg). Packs: paed 40-60ml,
apheresis ~200m I (1 00-400ml), pooled 160-300rnl.
Plerixafor. 0.24mg/kg (rnax 40mg) daily SC for up to 4 days.
Plicamycin. Testicular tumours: 25-30mcg/kg daily for 8-10
days IV over 6hr, repeat monthly if response. Hypercalcaemia: 25mcg/kg daily for 3-4 days, then x1-3/wk.
Pneumococcal vaccine, CRM conjugate (Prevenar) or
H.influenzae conjugate (Synflorix). Inanimate. 0.5miiM.
:56mo: 2rno, 3mo, 4mo, 12-15rno (4 doses). 7-11 mo: 6rno,
'Trno, 12-15mo (3 doses). 12-23rno: 2 doses 2mo apart.
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>23mo: 1 dose.
Pneumococcal vaccine, polysaccharide (Pneumovax 23).
Inanimate. >2yr: 0.5ml SC or IM once. Boost every 5yr.
Podofilox. See podophyllotoxin.
Podophyllotoxin. 0.5% paint: apply 12H for 3 days, then
none for 4 days; 4wk course.
Podophyllum. 15%-25% soltn, oint: apply to wart x2/day.
Polidocanol. 0.5%, 1%: 0.1-0.3ml/dose IV, max 10mllday.
Polifeprosan. See carmustine wafers.
Poliomyelitis vaccine, oral (Sabin). Live. 2 drops oral at
2mo, 4mo and 6rno (3 doses). Boost at 5yr, and if going to
epidemic area.
Poliomyelitis vaccine, SC (I POL). Inanimate. 0.5ml SC stat,
8wk later, and 8wk later (3 doses). Boost 12mo later, and at
school entry. See also diphtheria combination vaccines.
Poloxalkol. See poloxarner.
Poloxamer. 10% soltn: <6mo 0.3ml, 6-18mo 0.5ml, 18mo-3yr
0.8ml 8H oral. >3mo use docusate.
Polyethylene glycol. See colonic lavage, macrogol.
Polygeline. 1 0-20ml/kg (may be repeated). Half life 2hr.
Polymyxin B. See bacitracin; dexamethasone.
Polynoxylin. 10% gel: apply 12H.
Polystyrene sulphonate. See sodium polystyrene sui ph.
Polythiazide. 0.02-0.1mg/kg (adult 1-4mg) daily oral.
Polyvinyl alcohol. 1.4%, 3% soltn: 1 drop/eye prn.
Pomalidomide. Adult, NOT/kg: 4mg daily on days 1-21 of 28
day cycle; use 1-3mg dose if toxicity.
Ponatinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 45rng (30rng if neutropaenia,
thrombocy1opaenia or liver toxicity) oral daily.
POR 8. See ornipressin.
Poractant alfa (porcine surfactant, Curosurf). 80mg/ml.
Intratracheal: 1.25-2.5ml/kg stat, then up to 2 extra doses of
1.25ml/kg 12H if reqd.
Porfimer. 2rng/kg IV, then 630nm laser light after 40-50hr and
96-120hr; max 3 courses at least 30 days apart.
Posaconazole. Invasive inftn: oral with fatty meal 150mg/m2
(max 200mg) 6H, or 300mg/m2 (max 400mg) 12H; IV over
90min 230mg/m2 (max 300mg) 12H day1, then daily. Oral
candida (adult NOT/kg): 200mg stat, then 100rng daily. Prophylaxis: 230mg/m2 (max 300mg) 12H oral with fatty meal .
Potassium citrate. See citric acid + potassium citrate.
Potassium guaiacolsulfonate. 1-3mg/kg (adult 50-160 mg)
4-6H oral.
Potassium. Deficiency: usually 0.3mmol/kg/hr (max 0.4
mmol/kg/hr) for 4-6 hr IV, then 4mmol/kg/day. Max oral dose
1 mmol/kg (<5yr), 0.5mmol/kg (>5yr). Maintenance 2-4
mmollkg/day. If peripheral IV, max 0.05 mmol/ml. 1g KCI =
13.3mmol K, 7.5% KCI = 1mmol/rnl.
Potassium iodide. Nuclear accident (NOT/kg): 16.25mg
(<1mo), 32.5mg (1mo-3yr), 65mg (4yr-18yr and <70kg),
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130mg (adult) daily oral.
Potatoes, roast. Oven 230°C (210°C fan-forced), pan with
5mm peanut oil in oven; peel potatoes, boil 20-30min until
friable on outside, drain, put in hot oil, cook on top shelf of
oven for 60-100min until crisp (baste every 20min).
Povidone-iodine. Cream, oint, paint, soltn: apply 6-12H.
Pralatrexate. 30mg/m2 IV wkly for 6wk in 7wk cycle.
Pralidoxime. 50mg/kg (adult 2g) over 30min, then 20
mg/kg/hr (adult 1g/hr) for 48hr, then 20mg/kg (adult 1g) 4H.
Pramipexole. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.125mg 8H incr by 0.125-0.25
mg every 5-7 days to 0.5-1.5mg 8H oral. Restless legs:
0.125mg (max 0.5mg) 2-3 hours before bedtime. Sustained
release: 0.26mg daily oral, incr if reqd to max 3.15mg daily.
Pramlintide. Reduce insulin dose by 50% initially. Adult,
NOT/kg. Type 1 diabetes: 15mcg SC before meals (x4/day),
incr if tolerated to 30-60mcg/dose. Type 2: 60mcg SC before
meals (x4/day), incr if tolerated to 90-120mcg/dose.
Pramocaine. See hydrocortisone+ pramocaine cream.
Pramoxine. 1% cream, lotion: apply 6-81-1.
Prasugrel. Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg load, then 5mg ( <60kg)
1 Omg (<:60kg) daily oral.
Pravastatin. Adult, NOT/kg: 20-80mg at bedtime oral.
Praziquantel. 25mg/kg oral once (dwarf tapeworm), 4H x3
doses (schistosomiasis), 8H x6 doses (other flukes), 8H 14
days (cysticercosis). Adult tapeworm 10mg/kg once.
Prazosin. 5mcg/kg (max 0.25mg) test dose, then 0.025-0.1
mg/kg (adult 1-5mg) 6-12H oral.
Prednisolone. Oral. Alopecia, autoimm liver, Crohn, epilepsy,
JIA, Kawasaki, MS, SLE, ulc col: 1-2mgll<g (max 60mg)
daily, gradually reducing. Asthma: 0.5-1mg/kg GH for 24hr,
12H x2, then 1mg/kg daily. Croup: 1mg/kg stat and in 12hr;
severe 4 mg/kg stat, then 1mg/kg 8H. ITP: 4mg/kg daily.
Transpl reject, nephrotic synd: 60mg/m2 (max 80mg) daily,
reducing over several mont11s. Physiological: 4-5mg/m2 daily.
Eye 0.5%: initially 1drop/eye 2H, then 6-121-1. 1mg =hydrocortisone 4mg in glucocorticoid activity, 0.8mg in mineralocorticoid. See also methylprednisolone, neomycin + prednisolone, phenylephrine + prednisolone.
Prednisolone sodium phosphate. 0.5%: ear 2-3 drops/ear,
eye 1 drop/eye 2-61-1.
Prednisone. Action equivalent to prednisolone.
Pregabalin. Adult, NOT/kg: 50mg 8H oral, incr gradually if
reqd to max 200mg 8H.
Pridopidine. Adult, NOT/kg: 45mg 12.H oral.
Prilocaine. Max dose 6mg/kg (0.6mllkg of 1%). With adrenaline max dose 9mg/kg (0.9ml/kg of 1%).
Primaquine base. 7.5mg base= 13.2mg phosphate. Oral. 0.5
mg/kg (adult 30mg) daily for 14 days (>70kg 30mg daily until
6mg/kg given); if nausea 0.25mg/kg (max 15mg) 12H 14-21
days. Proph: 0.5mg/kg (max 30mg) daily. Gameteocyte: 0. 7
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mg/kg (adult 45mg) once.
Primidone. Initially 2.5mg/kg (adult 125mg) at night, incr if
reqd to max 15mg/kg (adult750mg) 12H oral. Trough level
(phenobarbitone) 60-120umoi/L.
Pristinamycin. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5-1g 8-12H oral.
Probenicid. 25mg/kg (adult 1g) stat, then 10mg/kg (adult
500mg) 6H oral.
Probucol. 1 Omg/kg (adult 500mg) 12H oral.
Procainamide. IV: 0.4mg/kg/min (adult 20mg/min) for max
25min, then 20-80mcg/kg/min (max 2g/day). Oral: 5-8mg/kg
4H. Level3-10mcg/ml.
Procaine. Max dose 20mg/kg (1 ml/kg of 2%).
Procarbazine. 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) daily oral, incr over 4-6
days to 4-6mg/kg (adult 200-300mg) daily until remission,
then 1-2ml!{kg (adult 50-100mg) dail~ Suspend if leucocytes
<3000/mm or platelets <80,000/mm .
Prochlorperazine. 1 rng base = approx 1.5mg edisylate, maleate or mesylate. Only use if >10kg. Oral (salt): 0.2mg/kg
(adult 5-10mg) 6-8H, slow incr if reqd to max 0.6mg/kg (max
35mg) 6H in psychosis. IM, slow IV (salt): 0.2mg/kg (adult
12.5mg) 8-12H. Buccal (salt): 0.05-0.1mg/kg (max 6mg) 12-
24H. PR (base): 0.2mg/kg (adult 25mg) 8-12H.
Procyclidine. 0.05-0.Zmg/kg (adult 2.5-1 Omg) 6-8H oral.
Progesterone. Adult, NOT/kg. Post-menopausal: 100mg daily
on days 1-25 of cycle, or 200mg daily on days 15-26.
Premenst syn: 200-400mg PV or PR 12-24H (last half of
cycle). Dysf ut hge: 5-10mgiday IM for 5-10 days before
menses. Prevent abrtn: 25-1 OOmg IM every 2-4 days.
Proguanil. 3.5mg/kg (adult 200mg) daily oral after food. See
also atovaquone + proguanil.
Promazine. Oral: 2-4mg/kg (adult 1 00-200mg) 6H. IM
0.7mg/kg (max 50mg) 6-SH.
Promethazine. Antihist, antiemetic: 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 10-
25mg) 8H IV, IM or oral. Sedative, i1ypnotic: 0.5-1.5mg/kg
(adult 25-1 OOmg).
Propacetamol IV preparation: 1 g = 0.5g paracetarnol.
Propafenone. Oral: 70mg/m2 (adult 150mg) SH, incr if reqd to
max 165mg/m2 (adult 300mg) 8H. IV: 2mg/kg over 2hr, then
4mcg/kg/min incr if reqd to max 8mcg/kg/rnin.
Propamidine. 0.1%: 1 drop/eye 6H for up to 2 days.
Propantheline. 0.3-0.6mg/kg (adult 15-30mg) 6H oral.
Propiverine. 0.3mg/kg (adult 15mg) 5 .. 12H oral.
Propofol. Sedation in ICU: 1-3mg/kg/hr (max 4mg/kg/hr) IV,
for no longer than 48 hr. Short-term anaesthesia: child 2.5-
3.5mg/kg stat, then 7.5-15mg/kg/hr IV; adult 1-2.5mg/kg stat,
then 3-12 mg/kg/hr IV.
Propranolol. Oral: 0.2-0.5mg/kg (adult 1 0-25mg) 6-8H, incr to
max 1.5mg/kg (max 80mg) 6-BH if reqd. Haemangioma 5wk5mo old: 0.6mg/kg wk1, 1.1mg/kg wk2, then 1.7mg/kg 12H
oral with feed. IV: 0.1 rng/kg (adult 5mg) over 10min (repeat
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x1-3 prn), then 0.1-0.3 mg/kg (adult 5-15mg) 3H.
Propylthiouracil. 50mg/m2 8H oral, reduce with response.
Proscillaridin. 10-15mcg/kg (adult 500-750mcg) 8-12H oral.
Prostacyclin. See epoprostenol.
Prostaglandin. See alprostadil (PGE1), carboprost (15-MePGF2-alpha), dinoprost (PGF2-alpha), dinoprostone (PGE2),
epoprostenol (PGI2, prostacyclin), gemeprost (PGE1
analogue), and misoprostol (PGE1 analogue).
Protamine. IV 1 mg/1 OOu heparin (0.5mg/1 OOu if >1 hr since
heparin dose) slow IV stat; subsequent doses 0.25-0.5mg/kg
(max 50mg). 1 mg per 1 OOu of heparin infused in last 2hr.
1 mg per 25m I pump blood. Monitor APTT 30min after prot.
Protein C. 60-BOu/kg to achieve 100% protein C activity,
maintain >25%, measure 6hrly until stable, then 12hrly.
Protein C and S. See factor 9 complex (Beriplex, Octaplex).
Prothionamide. TB: 15-20mg/kg (adult 0.75-1g) at night oral.
Leprosy: 5-Smg/kg (adult 250-375mg) daily.
Prothrombin complex. See factor 9 complex.
Protionamide. See prothionamide.
Protirelin. NOT/kg: 200mcg IV stat.
Protriptyline. 0.1-0.4mg/kg (adult 5-20mg) 6-SH oral.
Proxymetacaine. 0.5% soltn: 1 drop/eye stat, t11en 1 drop
every 1Om in for 5-7 doses.
Prucalopride. Adult, NOT/kg: 1-2mg daily oral.
Pseudoephedrine. 1mg/kg (adult 60mg) 6-SH oral. Slow
release (adult, NOT/kg): 120mg 12H.
Pseudoephedrine 60mg + triprolidine 2.5mg (Actifed).
10m! elixir=1tab. NOT/kg: 2.5ml (<2yr), 2.5-5ml (2-5yr),
0.5tab (6-12yr), 1tab (>12yr) 6-SH oral.
Psyllium. Usually 0.1-0.2g/kg (adult 5-10g) 8-24H oral.
Pumactant (ALEC). Preterm babies (NOT/kg): disconnect
ETT, rapidly inject 1 OOmg in 1 ml saline via catheter at lower
end ETT, flush with 2ml air; repeat after 1 hr and 24hr.
Prophylaxis if unintubated: 1 OOmg into pharynx.
Pyrantel. Threadwm, roundwm: 10mg/kg (max 1g) once oral,
may repeat wkly x2-3. Hookwm: 1 Omg/kg (max 1 g) daily x3.
Pyrazinamide. 35mg/kg (max 2g) daily oral, or 75 rng/l<g (max
3g) x2/wk.
Pyrethrins + piperonyl butoxide. Lice: apply enough
shampoo to wet hair, wash off in 15min: repeat in 10 days.
Pyridostigmine. Myas gravis: 1mg/kg (adult 60mg) 4-6H oral,
incr to max 2-3mg/kg (adult 120-180mg) 4-6H if reqd. 180mg
slow rei tab (Timespan), Adult, NOT/kg: 1-3 tab 12-24H oral.
1 mg IV, IM or SC = 30mg oral.
Pyridoxine. With isoniazid or penicillamine (NOT/kg): 5-10mg
daily IV, oral. Fits: 1 0-15mg/kg daily IV or oral. Siderobl an: 2-
8mg/kg (max 400mg) daily IV or oral. Premenstrual synd: 50-
1 OOmg daily oral. See also doxylamine.
Pyrilamine. See mepyramine.
Pyrimethamine. Adult, NOT/kg: 25mg tab weekly oral.
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Pyrimethamine 25mg + sulphadoxine 500mg (Fansidar).
<4yr Y, tab once, 4-8yr 1 tab, 9-14yr 2 tab, >14yr 3 tab.
Prophylaxis: <4yr% tab wkly, 4-8yr Y, tab, 9-14yr% tab,
>14yr 1 tab. See also artesunate, chloroquine, dapsone.
Q fever vaccine (Q-Vax). See Coxiella burnetti vaccine.
Quazepam. 0.15-0.6mg/kg (adult 15-30mg) at night oral.
Quetiapine. >12yr (NOT/kg) 12H oral per dose: 25mg day 1,
50mg day 2, 100mg day 3, 150mg day 4, then 150-250mg
(range 75-400mg) 12H. Beware long QTc interval.
Quinagolide. 0.5mcg/kg (adult 25mcg) nocte, incr to 1.5-3
meg/kg (adult 75-150mcg) nocte oral.
Quinalbarbitone. Sedative 5mg/kg. Premed 1 Omg/kg.
Quinapril. 0.2-0.8mg/kg (adult 1 0-40mg) daily oral. See also
hydrochlorothiazide.
Quinidine, base. 1 Omg/kg stat, then 5mg/kg (max 333mg) 4-
6H oral. IV: 6.3mg/kg (1 Omg/kg of gluconate) over 2hr, then
0.0125mg/kg/min (0.2mg/kg/min of gluconate). IM: 15mg/kg
stat, then 7.5mg/kg (max 400mg) 8H. NOTE: 1 mg base=
1.2mg sulphate = 1.3mg bisulphate = 1.6mg gluconate.
Quinine, base. Oral: 8.3mg/kg (max 542mg) 8H for 3-7 days.
Parenteral: 16. 7mg/kg IV over 4hr or IM, then 8.3mg/kg (max
542mg) 8H IV over 2hr or IM. NOTE: 1mg base= 1.7 mg bisulphate = 1.2mg dihydrochloride = 1.2mg ethyl carbonate =
1.3mg hydrobromide = 1.2mg hydrochloride = 1.2mg sulph.
Quinine dihydrochloride or sulphate. Malaria. Oral: 10
rng/kg (max 650mg) 8H for 3-7 days. Parenteral: 20mg/kg IV
over 4hr or IM, then 10mg/kg (max 650mg) IV over 2hr or IM.
Quinupristin. See dalfopristin + quinupristin.
Rabeprazole. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg daily oral4-8wk (DU), 6-
12wk (GU), 4wk then 10-20mg daily (reflux). ZE: 60mg daily,
incr if reqd to 12H. H.pylori, see omeprazole. May lower Mg.
Rabies vaccine. Inanimate. 1 miiM days 0, 7 and 21 or 28 (3
doses). Boost every 2yr, or if antibody low. Postexposure:
immune 1mi1M days 0, 3 (2 doses); non-immune 1mi1M
days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30, 90 (6 doses), with immunoglobln.
Racecadotril. NOT/kg: 10mg (3mo-8kg) 20mg (9-12kg) 30mg
(13-27kg) 60mg (27-40kg) 100mg (adult) 8H oral.
Radium-223. 50 kBq/kg IV every 4wk for 6 injections.
Raloxifene. 1 mg/kg (adult 60mg) daily oral.
Raltegravir. 8mg/kg (adult 400mg, max 600mg) 12H oral.
Raltitrexed. Initially 3mg/m2 IV over 15min every 3wk.
Ramelteon. Adult, NOT/kg: 8mg at bedtime oral.
Ramipril. 0.05mg/kg (adult 2.5mg) oral daily, may incr over 4-
6wk to 0.1-0.2mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) daily.
Ramucirumab. 8mg/kg IV over 1hr every 2wk.
Ranibizumab. 0.5mg (diabetic 0.3mg) by intravitreous
injection every month.
Ranitidine. IV: 1 mg/kg (max 50mg) 6-8H, or 2mcg/kg/min.
Oral: 2-5mg/kg (max 150mg) 8-12H, or 300mg (adult) nocte.
Ranitidine bismuth citrate. Bmg/kg (adult 400mg) 12H oral.
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H.pylori, see omeprazole.
Ranolazine. 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 12H incr if reqd to
20mg/kg (adult 1g) 12H oral.
Rapacuronium. Initially 2mg/kg (child), 1.5mg/kg (adult),
2.5mg/kg Caesar); maintenance 33-50% initial.
Rasagiline. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5-1mg daily oral.
Rasburicase. 0.15-0.2mg/kg IV daily for 5-7 days.
Raxibacumab. IV over 135min once: 80mg/kg (<15kg),
60mg/kg (15-SOkg). 40mg/kg (>50kg).
Razoxane. 2mg/kg (max 125mg) 8-24H oral; or 7.5-15mg/l(g
(max 750mg) daily for 2-3 days every 1-4wk. Kaposi sarc,
leukaemia: max 0.33g/m2 8H oral.
Reboxetine. Adult, NOT/kg: 2-4mg 12H oral, incr gradually if
reqd to max 1 Omg 12H.
Recombinant antihaemophilic factor. See factor 8.
Recombinant human antithrombin. See antithrombin.
Regorafenib. Adult, NOT/kg: 160mg daily oral for 21 of every
28 day cycle.
Remifentanil. 0.05-0.2mcg/kg/min. Ventilated: usually 0.5-1
meg/kg/min; occasionally' up to 8mcg/kg/min if reqd.
Repaglinide. Adult, NOT/kg before main meals, oral: initially
0.5mg, incr every 1-2wk to 4mg (max 16mg/day).
Reproterol. Aerosol 0.5mg/puff: 1-2 puffs 3-8H.
Reserpine. 0. 005-0.01 mg/kg (adult 0.25-0.Smg) 12-241-·1 oral.
Residonrate. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg daily oral; slow release
35mg once a week.
Reslizumab. 3mg/kg IV over 20-50min every 4wk.
Resonium. See sodium polystyrene sulphonate.
Retapamulin. 1% ointment: apply 12H for 5 days.
Reteplase. Adult, NOT/kg for myocard infarct: give heparin
5000u IV + aspirin 250-350mg oral; then reteplase 1 Ou IV
over 2m in + 2nd dose 30min later; then heparin 1 OOOu/hr for
24-72hr and aspirin 75-150mg/day until discharge.
Retigabine. Adult, NOT/kg: 200-AOOmg 8H oral.
Retinol A. See vitamin A.
Reviparin. Child >2mo: 100u/kg 12H SC. Adult, NOT/kg:
1432u 211r before surgery, then daily SC.
Ribavirin. lnhltn (Viratek nebulizer): 20mg/ml at 25ml/hr
(190mcg/L of gas) for 12-18hr/day for 3-7 days. Oral: 7.5
mg/kg 12H. Hepatitis C, oral: 23-33kg 200mg 12H, 34-46 kg
200mg am+ 400mg pm, 47-59kg 400mg 12H, 60 .. 74kg
400mg am • 600mg pm, 2:75kg 600mg 12H; see daclatasvir,
elbasvir, interferon alfa-2b, ledipasvir, ornbitasvir, simeprevir.
Riboflavine. NOT/kg: 5-1 Omg daily oral. Organic acidosis
(NOT/kg): 50-200mg daily oral, IM or IV.
Rifabutin. Pulmonary TB: 3-5 rng/kg (adult 150-300mg) daily
oral. Resistant pul TB: 5-7.5 mg/kg (adult 300-450mg) daily.
Mycobact avium complex: 7.5-12mg/kg (adult 450-600mg)
daily; prophylaxis 5mg/kg (adult 300mg) daily.
Rifampicin. 15mg/kg (max 600rng) daily oral fasting, or IV
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over 3hr (monitor AST): staph 1 Omg/kg (max 600mg) 12H
IV. Leprosy: 15mg/kg (max 600mg) monthly. Cholestasis
itch: 10mg/kg (max 600mg) daily. Prophylaxis: N.meningitidis
10 mg/kg daily (neonate), 10 mg/kg (max 600mg) 12H for 2
days: H.influenzae 1 Omgil<g daily (neonate), 20mg/kg (max
600mg) daily for 4 days.
Rifampin. See rifampicin.
Rifapentine. Usually 10-15 mg/kg (adult 600mg) x2/wk for
2mo, then wkly for 4 months.
Rifaximin. Gl activity only. 7.5-10mg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 8H
oral. Adult, NOT/kg: hepatic enceph 550mg 12H oral, irritable bowel diarrhoea: 550mg 8H oral14 days.
Rilonacept. Adult, NOT/kg: 320mg, then 160mg wkly SC.
Rilpivirine. Adult, NOT/kg: 25mg daily oral. See also
emtricitabine.
Riluzole. 1mg/kg (adult 50mg) 12H oral.
Rimantadine. 2.qmg/kg (adult 1 OOmg) 12H oral.
Rimexolone. 1%. 1drop/eye 6H. Uveitis: 1drop 1H in daytime
for 1wk, 2H for 1wk, 6H for 1wk, daily 1wk.
Riociguat. Adult, NOT/kg: 1mg 8H oral, incr by 0.5mg every
2wk to max 2.5mg 8H.
Risedronate. Osteoporosis: 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) daily oral;
slow release (adult): 35mg weekly, 75mg twice a month,
150mg monthly. Paget's: 0.5mg/kg (adult 30mg) daily oral.
Risperidone. 0.01mg/kg (adult 0.5mg) daily, incr if reqd to
max 0.15mg/kg (adult 2-4mg, max 8mg) 12H oral.
Ritodrine. Prem labour (NOT/I<g): 50mcg/min, incr to 150-
350mcg/min IV: then oral 1 Omg 2H for 24hr, 1 0-20mg 4-6H.
Ritonavir (RTV). See atazinavir, darunavir, efavirenz,
fosamprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, maraviroc, ombitasvir.
Ritonavir + saquinavir. 5-14kg: RTV 3mg/kg + SQV 50
mg/kg 12H oral with food: 15-39kg: RTV 2.5mg/kg + SOV
50rng/kg 12H; ;;,4Qkg: RTV 100mg + SQV 50mg/kg (adult
1 OOOmg) 12H.
Ritonavir + tipranavir. ;;,zyr: RTV 150mg/m2 (max 200rng) +
TPV 375 mg/m2 (max 500mg) 12H oral with food.
Rituximab. Leukaemia: 370mg/m2 by IV infsn day1, then
500rng/m2 wi<IY x5. Rheumatoid arthritis (adult, NOT/kg): 1 g
IV twice, 2wk apart.
Rivaroxaban. Adult, NOT/kg: 10rng daily oral.
Rivastigmine. Adult, NOT/kg: initially 1.5mg 12H, incr every
2wk to max 6rng 12H oral. Patch: apply 4.6mg (5crn2
) daily
for 4wk, then 9.5mg (10cm2
) daily.
Rizatriptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg oral, may repeat x1 in 2hr.
Rocuronium. 0.6-1.2mg/kg IV stat, then 0.1-0.Zmg/kg boluses or 5-15mcg/kg/min.
Roflumilast. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mcg daily oral.
Rolapitant. Adult, NOT/kg: 180rng oral 1-2hr before cherno.
Romidepsin. 14mg/m2 IV over 4hr on days 1, 8 and 15 of a
28-day cycle.
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'Romiplostim. 1-1 Omcg/kg weekly SC.
Ropinirole. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.25mg daily for 2 days, 0.5mg for
5 days, then 1 mg daily; incr wkly to max 4mg daily oral.
Restless legs: 0.25mg (max 4mg) 2hr before bedtime.
Ropivacaine. 2-3mg/kg (adult max 200-250mg). Intrathecal:
1mg/kg (0.1ml/kg of 1%). Postop infusion 0.2-0.4mg/kg/hr
(0.1-0.2ml/kg/hr of 0.2%).
Rosiglitazone. Adult, NOT/kg: 4mg daily oral, incr after 6-8
wk to 4mg 12H if reqd. See also glimepiride, metformin.
Rosuvastatin. 1 Omg daily oral, incr if reqd to 20mg then 40
mg at 4wk intervals.
Rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix). Live, monovalent. 1.5ml oral at
6-14wk, and at least 4wk later at 14-24wk (total 2 doses).
Rotavirus vaccine (Rotateq). Live, pentavalent. 2m I oral at
6-12wk, then at 4-1 Owk intervals (total 3 doses).
Rotavirus vaccine, human-bovine (RotaTeq). Live, pentavalent. 2ml oral at age 2mo, 4mo, 6mo (3 doses).
Rotigotine. Adult, NOT/kg. Parkinson's 2mg patch daily for
1wk, then 4mg daily; incr if reqd to 6-Smg daily. Restless
legs 1-3mg daily.
Roxithromycin. <40kg: 4mg/kg (max 150mg) 12H oral. 2:40kg
(NOT/kg): 150mg 12H or 300mg daily oral.
Rubella vaccine (Ervevax, Meruvax II) Live. >12mo: 0.5ml
SC once. See also measles + mumps + rubella vaccine.
Rufinamide. 10mg/kg (adult 400mg) daily oral, incr over 1-2
wk to 45mg/kg (adult 3200mg). Lower dose if on valproate.
Rupatadine. Adult, NOT/kg: 10mg daily oral.
Ruxolilinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 15mg (up to 25mg) 12H oral.
Sacrosidase. s15kg 1 ml or 1 full scoop (8500-u), >15kg 2m I
or 2 full scoops (17000u) oral with each meal or snack.
Sacubitril + valsartan. 24/26mg, 49/51, 97/103. 1 tab 12H oral.
Salbutamol (and levalbuterol). 0.1-0.15mg/kg (adult 2-4mg)
6H oral. lnhaltn: mild resp soltn (5mg/ml, 0.5%) 0.5ml diluted
to 4ml, or nebule 2.5mg/2.5ml (0.1 %) 3-6H; moderate 0.5%
soltn 1ml diluted to 4ml, or nebule 5mg/2.5ml (0.2%) 1-2H;
severe (in ICU) 0.5% soltn undiluted continuous. Aerosol
100mcg/puff: 1-2 puff 4-6H; acute 4-8puff (<6yr) 8-12puff
(>6yr). Powder 90mcg/inh: 1-2 inh 4-6H. Rotahaler: 200-400
rncg 6-BH. IM or SC: 10-20mcg/kg (adult 500mcg) 3-6H. IV
in child: amp 1 mg/ml at 0.3-0.6 ml/kg/hr (5-1 Omcg/kg/min) for
1hr, then 0.06-0.12ml/kg/hr (1-2mcg/kg/min). Preterm labour:
(adult, NOT/kg): 200mcg/ml in 5%D at 3ml/hr (10 meg/min),
incr until contractions cease (usually at 3-15ml/hr), then
halve dose every 6hr; max duration usually 48hr. IV infsn
incompatible with aminophylline, ketamine and magnesium.
Salcatonin. Hypercalcaemia: 5u/l<g 12-24H IM, SC or IV over
6-12hr. Paget's: adult 50-100u daily. Cancer bone pain: 4
u/kg (adult 200u) up to x4/day.
Salicylic acid. Cradle cap: 6% soltn (Egocappol) 12H 3-5
days. Plantar warts: 15% soltn x1-2/day, 40% medicated
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disc 24-48H. See also benzoic acid+ salicylic acid.
Sallcylsalicylic acid. See salsalate.
Saline laxatives (Microlax, Micolette). <12mo 1.25ml, 1-2yr
2.5ml, >2yr 5ml.
Salmeterol. Aerosol, diskhaler (NOT/kg): 50-100mcg 12H.
See also fluticasone + salmeterol.
Salmonella typhi vaccine. See typhoid vaccine.
Salsalate. 10-20mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 6H oral.
Samarium-153. Adult: 1.0mCi/kg IV over 1 min.
Sapropterin. 1 Omg/kg (max 20mg/kg) daily oral.
Saquinavir (SQV). See lopinavlr, ritonavir. Trough <!1 00-250
ng/ml.
Saracenia purpurea (Sarapin). Adult, NOT/kg: 2-10ml nerve
block, 5-1 Omllocal infiltration.
Sargramostim (GM-CSF, Leucomax). 3-5mcg/kg daily SC,
or IV over 6hr. Keep wee 5,000-10,000/mm3.
Saxagliptin. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5-5mg daily oral. See also metformin + saxagliptin.
Scopolamine. See hyoscine hydrobromide.
Sebelipase alta. <6mo: 1 mg/kg (max 3mg/kg) IV over 2hr
weekly. >6mo: 1 mg/kg IV over 2hr every other wk.
Secbutobarbitone. 0.3-·0.6mg/kg (adult 15-30mg) 6-BH, or 1-
4mg/kg (adult 50-200mg) nocte oral.
Secobarbital sodium. See quinalbarbitone.
Secretin. 1 cu = 4chr units. 1-2cu/kg slow IV.
Secukinumab. Adult, NQT/kg 150mg wk 0,1 ,2,3,4 then 4Wkly
SC: 300mg dose if reqd.
Selegiline. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg daily, oral. Transdermal
patch: 6mg daily; incr to max 9-12mg daily if reqd.
Selenium sulphide. 2.5% shampoo x2/wk for 2wk.
Selexipag.Adult, NOT/kg: 200mcg 2H oral, incr if reqd to max
1600mcg 12H.
Senna, Sennoside. Tab 7.5mg, granules 15mg/5ml. Daily
(NOT/kg): 6mo-2yr7.5mg, 3-10yr7.5-15mg, >10yr 1-30mg.
Sermorelin (GHRH). 1 meg/kg fasting in morning IV.
Sertaconazole. 2% cream: apply 12H for 4wk.
Sertindole. Adult, NOT/kg 4mg daily, incr to 12-24mg daily
oral.
Sertraline. 0.5mg/kg (adult 25mg) daily oral, incr if reqd to 1-
2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) daily; may give 3-4mg/kg (adult
150-200rng) daily for up to 8wk.
Sevelamer carbonate. 20-40mg/kg (adult 800-1600mg) BH
oral, titrated to serum phosphate 1.1-1.8rnmoi/L..
Sevoflurane. 7% (child) 5% (adult) induction, then 0.5-3%.
Sildenafil. Adult sexual dysfntn: 25-100mg (NOT/kg) oral1hr
before sexual activity (max once/day). Pul hypertensn: oral
0.3mg/kg 3-6H incr until effective or systemic hypotension
(usual max 2-3 rng/kg/dose): adult, NOT/kg usually 20mg
8H; at 2ppm NO (1 hr before stopping) 0.4mg/kg oral once.
IV infsn: 0.4 mg/kg over 3hr, then 1.6mg/kg/day.
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'silodosin. Adult, NOT/kg: 8mg daily oral.
Siltuximab. 11 mg/kg IV over 1 hr every 3wk.
Silver nitrate, stick. Apply daily to affected area only.
Silver sulfadiazine 1% + chlorhexidine 0.2%. Cream: apply
in 3-5mm layer.
Simeprevir. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg daily+ sofosbuvir400mg
daily(± ribavirin 500-600mg 12H) oral for 12wk.
Simethicone. See aluminium hydroxide compound. 1
Simvastatin. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg daily oral, incr 4wkly if I
reqd to max 80mg daily; max 1 Omg/day with amiodarone, ~ diltiazem or verapamil; 20mg/day with amlodipine or ranolazine. See also ezetimibe + simvastatin.
Simvastatin + sitagliptin. 10/50mg, 20/50,40/50, 10/100, '
20/100, 40/100 tab. See simvastatin doses.
Sincalide. Contract gallbladder: 0.02mcg/kg IV over 1 min,
then 0.04mcg/kg after 15min if reqd; or 0.1 meg/kg IM; or
0.12mcg/kg in 100m! saline at 2ml/min. Pancreas test: 0.25
u/kg secretin IV over 60min, plus sincalide 0.02mcg/kg IV
infsn during 2"' 30min of secretin infsn.
Sinecatechins. 15% ointment: apply 8H for up to 16wk.
Sipuleucei-T. Adult, NOT/kg: ;,so million treated autologous
CD54+ cells IV over 60rnin on 3 occasions 2wk apart.
Sirolimus. 3mg/rn2 (adult 6mg) stat, then 1 mg/m2 (adult 2rng)
daily oral.
Sitagliptin. 2rng/kg (adult 100rng) daily oral. See also metformin + sitagliptin, and sirnvastatin + sitagliptin.
Sitaxentan. 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) daily oral.
Sodium. Deficit (ml saline)= Wt(kg) x 4 x (140 [Na]) I%
saline. To incr serum Na by 0.5mmoi/L/hr (max safe rate),
infusn rate (ml/hr) = 2 x Wt(kg) I(% saline infused); hours of
infusion= 2 x (140- serum Na). 4ml/kg of X% saline raises
serum Na by Xmmoi/L. Need 2-6 mmol/kg/day. NaCI MW =
58.45, 1g NaCI = 17.1mmol Na, NaCI20% = 3.4mmollml.
Sodium alginate. See alginic acid.
Sodium aurothiomalate. See aurothiomalate.
Sodium benzoate. Neonate: 250mg/kg over 2hr stat, then 1 o .. 20mg/kg/hr IV.
Sodium bicarbonate. See bicarbonate.
Sodium calcium edetate (EDTA). 25-40mg/kg 12H IM or IV
over 1 hr for 5 days; repeat after 3 days if reqd. With dimercaprol: 12.5mg/kg 4H for 3-7 days.
Sodium cellulose phosphate (Calcisorb). Adult, NOT/kg
5mg BH oral.
Sodium chloride. See sodium.
Sodium citrate. Constipation (adult, NOT/kg): usually 450mg
in 5ml as enema, often with sodium Iaury! sulphoacetate,
glycerol, sorbitol or sorbic acid.
Sodium citrotartrate. 40-80mg/kg (adult 2-4g) in 50ml water
8-·12H oral.
Sodium clodronate. See clodronate.
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Sodium cromoglycate. See cromoglycate.
Sodium feredetate. See ferrous salts.
Sodium ferric gluconate. Fe 12.5mg/ml. 0.05ml/kg (adult
2m I) test dose IV over 1 hr, then 0.25ml/kg (adult 1Om I) IV
over 1hr with each dialysis (usually for 8 doses).
Sodium fluoride. NOT/kg: <2yr 0.55mg oral daily, 2-4yr 1.1
mg, >4yr 2.2mg. Osteoporosis, Paget's, bone secondaries in
Adult, NOT/kg: 20-40mg 8-12H.
Sodium fusidate. 175mg = 250mg fusidic acid. Tablets: 10-
15mg/kg (adult 250-500mg) 8H oral. IV over 2-8hr: 1 Omg/kg
(adult 500mg) 8H; severe inftn 15mg/kg (adult 750mg). Peak
level 30-200umoi/L (x0.52 = mcg/ml). Suspensn: fusidic acid.
Sodium hyaluronate. Adult, NOT/kg. Cystitis 800mcg/ml:
50ml into bladder wkly x4, then 4wkly. Ophthalmic: 10-15
mg/ml (1-1.5%) 0.2-0.6ml into anterior chamber; 0.18%
drops 1/eye as reqd. Osteoarthritis 10-15mg/ml: 2-2.5ml
intra-articular wkly x3"5.
Sodium nitrite. 3%: 0.2ml/kg (max 1 Oml) IV over 5 min.
Sodium nitroprusside. IV. <30kg: 3mg/kg in 50ml 5%0 at
0.5-4 ml/hr (0.5-4mcg/kg/min). >30kg: 3mg/kg made to
100ml in 5%0 at 1-Sml/hr (0.5-4mcg/kg/min). If used for
>24hr, max rate 4mcg/kg/min. Max total 70mg/kg with
normal renal function (or sodium thiocyanate <1725 umoi/L,
x0.058 = mg/l.). TYz 2min.Protect from light.
Sodium oxybate. Narcolepsy (NOT/kg): 2.25g at bedtime,
repeated 2-4hr later; incr if reqd by 0.75g every 2wk to max
4.5g + 4.5g (9g per night).
Sodium phenylbutyrate. 1 0-13g/m2
/day divided into equal
amounts with each feed or meal, oral.
Sodium phosphate. See phosphate, sodium.
Sodium picosulphate. 2.5mg (1-4yr), 2.5-5mg (4-10yr), 5-10
mg (>10yr) at night oral.
Sodium polystyrene sulphonate (Resonium). 0.3-1 g/kg
(adult 15·30g) 6H NG (give lactulose) or PR.
Sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate. 2.5% cream: apply prn.
Sodium salicylate. 1 g = 1.1 g aspirin.
Sodium stibogluconate. Soltn 1 OOmg/ml of pentavalent antimony. 20mg/kg (usual max 850mg) daily IV over 10min for
20 days (visceral) or at least 4wk (mucocutaneous); 10-15
mg/kg 12H if toxicity. Early cutaneous: infiltrate lesions with
1-3ml, repeat x1-2 if reqd after 1-2 days. Severe cutaneous:
20mg/kg daily IV over 1Om in until 3 days after cure (usually),
4wk after (l_.braziliensis), or 3mo after (L..amazonensis).
Sodium tetradecyl sulphate. NOT/kg: 0.25-1ml per vein as
1% (max 10 small veins) or 3% (max 41arge veins).
Sodium thiosulphate. 1 ml/kg (adult 50ml) 25% soltn IV over
10min.
Sodium valproate. 5mg/kg (adult 200rng) 12H oral or IV, incr
if reqcl to rnax 20mg/kg (adult 1g) 8-12H. Status: 20-40mg/kg
IV over 5min, then 1-5mg/kglhr. Slow-release 15-60mg/kg
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(adult 1 000-3000mg) daily. Level 2hr after dose 350 .. 900
umoi/L (x0.14=mg/L).
Sofosbuvir 400mg + velpatasvir 1 OOmg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1
tab daily oral for 12wk ± ribavirin. See daclatasvir, ledipasvir,
ombitasvir, simeprevir.
Solifenacin. Adult, NOT/kg: 5-1 Omg daily oral.
Solifenacin 6mg + tamsulosin 400mcg. Adult, NOT/kg: 1
tab daily oral.
Somatorelin. Diagnostic: 1 meg/kg IV. Therapy: 30mcg/kg
daily at bedtime SC.
Somatostatin. See octreotide.
Somatrem. 4u/m2 3 days a wk IM.
Somatropin.1mg = 3iu. Usually 0.5-1mg/m2 on 5-7 days a wk
SC, or 1-2mg/m2 on 3 days a wk IM. Short bowel: 0.1mg/kg
(max Bmg) daily SC.
Sonidegib. Adult, NOT/kg: 200mg daily oral.
Sorafenib. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg 12H (or 24-48H) oral.
Sorbitol 70%. 0.2-0.Sml/kg (adult 2Q .. 30ml) 8-24H oral. With
activated charcoal: 1g/kg (1.4ml/kg) NG, x1-2.
Sorbolene cream; pure, with 10% glycerin, or with 5% or
10% olive oil or peanut oil. Skin moisturiser: apply prn.
Sotalol. IV: 0.5-2mg/kg (adult 25-120mg) over 10min 6H.
Oral: 1-4mg/kg (adult 50-160mg) 8-12H.
Sparfloxacin. 1 Omg/kg (adult 400mg) stat, then 5mg/kg (adult
200mg) daily oral.
Spectinomycin. 40-BOmg/kg (adult 2-4g) IM once.
Spinosad. 0.9% to dry hair 10min then rinse, repeat in 1wk.
Spironolactone. Oral (NOT/kg): 0-10kg 6.25mg 12H, 11-20kg
12.5mg 12H, 21-40kg 25mg 12H, over 40kg 25mg BH.
Female hirsutism 50mg BH. IV: see potassium canrenoate.
Stanolone. 2.5% gel. Male: apply 5-1 Og daily to a large area
of skin and allow 5 min to dry. Female (lichen sclerosus):
apply 2.5g to vulva on alternate days.
Stanozolol. 0.05-0.2mg/kg oral (adult 2.5-10mg) daily at first,
then every 2-3 days.
Stavudine (d4T). 0.5mg/kg (<14days) 1mg/kg (<30kg), 30mg
(30-59kg), 40mg ("60kg) 12H oral. Slow rei (adult, NOT/kg):
75mg (<60kg), 1 OOmg ("60kg) daily oral.
Sterculia. NOT/kg: 3.5-?g 12-24H oral. See also frangula.
Stibogluconate. See sodium stibogluconate.
Stilboestrol. Ca breast (NOT/kg): 1 0-20mg daily oral. Ca
prostate: 1-3mg daily oral or IV.
Stiripentol. I ncr over 3 days to 15rng/kg BH oral, max 35
mg/kg 8H (max 4g/day) oral.
Streptokinase (SK). Short term (myoc infarct): 30,000u/kg
(max 1 ,500,000u) IV over 1 hr, repeat if occlusion recurs <5
days. Long terrn (DVT, pul emb, art thrombosis): 2,000 u/kg
(max 1 OO,OOOu) IV over 1 Omin, then 1 OOOu/kg/hr (max
100,000u/hr); stop heparin and aspirin, if PTT <x2 normal at
4hr give extra 10,000u/kg (max 500,000u) IV over 30min,
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stop SK if PTT >x5 normal then give 1 OOOu/kg/hr. Local
infsn: 50 u/kg/hr (continue heparin 10-15u/kg/hr). Blocked IV
cannula: 5000u/kg in 2ml in cannula for 2hr then remove,
may repeat x2. Alteplase usually preferable.
Streptomycin. 20-30mg/kg (max 1 g) IM daily.
Streptozocin. 1-1 .5g/m2 wkly IV.
Strontium ranelate. Adult, NOT/kg: 2g daily at bedtime.
Strontium-89. 1.5-2.2 MBq/kg (40-60~Ci/kg) IV over 2m in.
Succimer. 350mg/m2 8H for 5 days, then 12H x14 days oral.
Succinylcholine. See suxamethonium.
Sucralfate. 1g tab (NOT/kg): 0-2yr quarter tab 6H, 3-12 yr half
tab 6H, >12yr 1 tab 6H oral.
Sucroferric oxyhydroxide. Adult, NOT/kg: 500mg 8H oral
adjusted wkly to serum phosphate 1.1-1 .Bmmoi/L.
Sucrose. Analgesia in infants: 0.17g/kg (0.5mlil<g of 33%
soltn) 2m in before procedure.
Sufentanil. 2-50mcg/kg slow IV; may then infuse so that total
dose is 1 mcg/kg/hr of expected surgical time.
Sugammadex. 2mg/kg (after spontaneous recovery), 4mg/kg
(if 1-2 post-tetanic counts), 16mg/kg for immediate reversal
of rocouronium (but not vecuronium).
Sulbactam. See ampicillin ·c sulbactarn.
Sulconazole. 1% cream: apply 12H for 3wk after cure.
Sulfacetamide. See sulphacetamide.
Sulfadiazine. 50mg/kg (max 2g) 6H slow IV.
Sulfadoxine. See pyrimethamine+ sulphadoxine.
Sulfamethizole. See sulphamethizole.
Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim. See cotrimoxazole.
Sulfametopyrazine. 40mgikg (adult 2g) wl<ly oral.
Sulfasalazine. See sulphasalazine.
Sulfinpyrazone. See sulphinpyrazone.
Sulfisoxazole. See sulphafurazole.
Sulindac. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 12H oral.
Sulphacetamide. 1 OOmg/ml 1 drop/eyo 2-3H during the day.
Sulphadoxine. See pyrimethamine + sulphadoxine.
Sulphafurazole. 75mg/kg (adult 4g) stat, then 35mg/kg (adult
1 .5g) 4-6H oral.
Sulphamethizole. 1 Omg/1\g (adult 0.5-1g) 6H oral.
Sulphamethoxazole + trimethoprim. See cotrimoxazole.
Sulphasalazine. Active colitis: 20mg/kg 6-12H (max 4g/day)
oral; remission 7.5mg/kg (max 0.5g) 6-SH, suppos (NOT/kg)
adult 0.5-1g 12H. Arthritis: 5mg/l<g 12H, incr if reqd to
1 Omg/kg 8-12H (max 2g/day).
Sulphinpyrazone. 2-3mg/kg (max 200mg) 6-12H oral.
Sulpiride. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 12H, slow incr if reqd to 4 ..
24mg/kg (adult 0.2-1.2g) 12H oral.
Sulthiame. 1 mg/kg (adult 50mg) 8-12H oral, may incr to 5
mg/kg (adult 200mg) BH.
Sumatriptan. Oral: 1-2mg/kg (adult 50-100mg) stat, may
repeat x2. SC or needle-free: 0.12mg/l<g (max 6mg) stat,
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' may repeat x1 after 1 hr. Nasal: 10-11mg/nostril, may repeat
x1 after 2hr. Patch 6.5mg: 1--2/day 2hr apart. See naproxen.
Sunitinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 50mg (37.5-87.5mg) daily oral for
4wk, then 2wk off.
Surfactant. See beractant (Survanta), calfactant (lnfasurf),
colfosceril palmitate (Exosurf), poractant alfa (Curosurf),
pumactant (ALEC).
Suvorexant. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 0-20mg at night oral.
Suxamethonium. IV: neonate 3mg/kg, child 2mg/kg, adult
1 rng/kg. IM: double IV dose.
Tacalcitol. 4rncg/g oint, lotion: apply sparingly at bedtime
(max 1 Og oint or lotion per day).
Tacrine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg 6H oral for 6wk, then incr if
reqd by 1 Omg every 6wk to max 40mg 6H.
Tacrolimus ointment. 2-16yr: apply 0.03% sparingly 12H for
max 3wk, then daily. >16yr: apply 0.1% sparingly 12H for
max 3wk, then 0.03% ·12H.
Tacrolimus. IV infusion: 2mg/m2
/day. Oral: 3mg/m2 12H.
Trough level: whole blood 10-15ng/ml (sent to Austin daily at
1000 from RCH).
Tadalafil. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg (range 5-20mg) oral 30rnin
before sex (max x1/day), or 2.5rng (max 5rng) daily. Benign
prostatic hypertrophy: 5rng daily. Pul hyp; see arnbrisentan.
Tafamidis. Adult, NOT/kg: 20rng daily oral.
Tafluprost. 15mcg/ml: 1 drop/eye at bedtirno.
Taliglucerase. 60u/kg IV over 1-2hr every 2wk.
Talimogene. Adult, NOT/kg: up to 4ml injected into lesions
using 106 PF'U/ml wkO, 108 PFU/rnl wk3 and then every 2wk
Tamoxifen. Adult, NOT/kg: 20rng daily, incr to ~Orng daily if
no response after 1 rna.
Tamsulosin. Adult 400rncg daily after breakfast oral. See also
dutasteride + tamsulosin. See solifenacin.
Tapentadol. 1-2rng/kg (adult 50-1 OOmg) 4-6H oral. Slow-rei
(adult, NOT/kg): 100-250rng 12H oral.
Tar. See coal tar.
Tasimelteon. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg at bedtime. oral
Tasonermin. Isolated limb perfusion: arm 3mg, leg 4mg.
Tavaborole. 5% soltn to affected nails daily for 48wk.
Tazarotene. 0.05%, 0.1% gel, cream: apply a thin layer to
affected area daily (or on alternate days) in the evening.
Tazobactam. See piperacillin + tazobactarn.
Tedizolid. Adult, NOT/kg: 200mg daily oral or IV.
Teduglutide. 0.05mg/kg daily SC.
Tegafur + gimeracil + oteracil. 15/4.35/11.8mg, 20/5.8/15.8
cap. >18yr: 25rng/rn2 of tegafur (20mg/m2 or 15rng/rn2 if
toxicity) oral on days 1-21 of each 28 day cycle.
Tegafur 1 OOmg + uracil 224m g. 1 00mg/rn2 tegafur + 224
mg/rn2 uracil (with 30rng calcium folinate) SH oral for 28
days, 7 days off, then repeat cycle. See also girneracil.
Tegaserod. Adult, NOT/kg: 6rng 12H oral before a meal.
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Teicoplanin. 250mg/m2 (adult 800mg) IV over 30min stat,
then 125mg/m2 (adult 400mg) IV or IM daily. Severe inftn:
250mg/m2 12H x3 doses, then 250mg/m2 IV or IM daily.
Telaprevir. 15mg/kg (adult 750mg) 8H oral.
Telavancin. 1 Omg/kg IV over 1 hr daily.
Telbivudine. Adult, NOT/kg: 600mg daily oal.
Telithromycin. Adult, NOT/kg: 800mg oral daily.
Telmisartan. 1 mg/kg (adult 40mg) daily, incr if reqd to 2mg/kg
(adult 80mg) daily oral. See also hydrochlorothiazide.
Temazepam. 0.3mg/kg (adult 20-40mg) oral.
Temocillin. 25-50mg/kg (adult 1··2g) 12H IV or IM.
Temoporfin. 150mcg/kg IV over 1 Omin; 96hr later give 652
nm laser for about 200 sec to give 20J/cm2
; repeat once after
4wk if reqd.
Temozolomide. 200mg/m2 daily oral for 5 days per 28 day
cycle (150mg/m2 for first cycle if previous chemotherapy).
Temsirolimus. Adult, NOT/kg: 25mg IV over 1 hr wkly.
Tenecteplase. img = 200u. Myocar infarct (adult): 100u/kg
(max 10,000u) IV over 10sec once; also give aspirin 150-
325mg/day, and heparin to maintain APTT 50-75sec.
Teniposide. 1 00-150mg/m2 IV over 1 hr wkly.
Tenofovir (TDF). 300mg of tenofovir DF = 245mg tenofovir D.
<35kg: 8-1 Omg/kg daily oral; "35kg: 300mg daily oral. See
also efavirenz, emtricitabine and cobicistat.
Tenoxicam. 0.2··0.4mg/kg (adult 1 0-20mg) daily oral.
Terazosin. 0.02mg/l<g test, then 0.04-0.4mg/kg (adult 2-20
mg) daily oral.
Terbinafine. Tinnea corp, ped, ung: 62.omg (10-20kg), 125
mg (20-40kg), 250mg (adult) daily oral. Tinnea capitis: 125
mg (10-25kg), 187.5mg (25-35kg), 250mg (>35kg) daily. 1%
cream, gel: apply 12-24H to dry skin.
Terbutaline. Oral: 0.05-0.1 mg/kg (adult 2.5-5mg) 6H. SC: 5-
1 Omcg/kg (adult 0.25-0.5mg). IV: child 3-6rncg/kg/min for
ihr, then 0.4-imcg/kg/min; adult 0.25mg stat over 10min,
then 1-iOmcg/kg/hr. lnhaltn: mild resp soltn (1%, 10mg/ml)
0.25ml diluted to 4ml 3-6H; moderate 0.5ml of 1% diluted to
4ml, or respule 5mg/2ml 1-2H; severe (in ICU) undiluted
continuous. Aerosol 250mcg /puff: 1-2 puffs 4-6H.
Terfenadine. 30mg (6-12yr), 60mg (adult) 12H oral.
Teriflunomide. Adult, NOT/kg: 7-14mg daily oral.
Teriparatide. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mcg SC daily.
Terlipressin. 0.04mg/kg (adult 2mg) IV, then 0.02-0.04mg/kg
(adult 1-2mg) 4-6H for max 72hr. Slow onset, long effect (TY,
6hr): continuous infsn may cause necrosis.
Tesamorelin. Adult, NOT/kg: 2mg SC daily.
Testolactone. 5 .. 10mg/kg (max 250rng) 6H oral.
Testosterone. NOT/kg. Esters: 100-500mg IM every 2-4wk.
Implant: 8mg/kg (to nearest 1 OOmg) every 16 .. 24wk. Undecanoate: 40mg daily oral, incr to 80-120mg daily; depot 750
mg IM, after4wk, then every 10wk. 1% gel: 5g tube (50mg
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testosterone) to skin daily. Transdermal patch: 2.5-5mg
daily; gel 40-50mg. Metered dose pump: 40-60mg daily.
30mg buccal tab: applied just above incisor 12H. Intranasal
gel 5.5mg in each nostril 8H. Postmenopausal breast cancer:
100mg x2-3/wk IV or IM. Testosterone level: <16y 5-10
nmoi/L, >16y 1 0-30nmoi/L.
Tetanus toxoid. 0.5ml IM stat, 6wk later, and 6mo later.
Boost every 1 Oyr, or if contaminated wound. See also
diphtheria compound vaccines. ·
Tetrabenazine. Adult, NOT/kg: 12.5 daily oral; slow increase
if required to max 37.5mg 8H oral.
Tetracaine. See amethocaine.
Tetracosactrin zinc injection (Synacthen Depot). 600
mcglm' (max 1mg) IM every 1-7 days.
Tetracycline. >8yr (NOT/kg): 250-500mg 6H oral. Acne
(NOT/kg): 500mg 12H, reducing to 250mg 12H. Eye: apply
2-SH. See also rolitetracycline.
Tetrahydrobiopterin. Defective synthesis: 20mg/kg daily oral.
Defective regeneration: 5mg/kg 6H oral. Loading test: 20
mg/kg oral, 2mg/kg IV.
Tetrahydrozoline. 0.05%: 1 drop/eye 8-12H. See also macrogal + tetrahydrozoline.
Thalidomide. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) 12H oral, reducing over
2-4wk to 0.5-1 mg/kg (adult 25-50mg) 12H.
THAM. See trornethamine.
Theophylline. 80mg theophylline= 100mg aminophylline).
Load: 8mg/kg (max 500mg) oral. Maintenance: 1st wk life
2mg/kg 12H; 2nd wk 3mg/kg 12H; 3wk-12mo ((0.1 x age in
wk) + 2.7) mg/kg 8H; 1-9yr 4mg/kg 4-6H, or 10mg/kg slow rei
12H; 1 0-16yr or adult smoker 3mg/kg 4-6H, or 7mg/kg 12H
slow rei; adult non-smoker 3mg/kg 6-8H; elderly 2mg/kg 6-
8H. Serum level: neonate 60-SOumoi/L, asthma 60-110
(x0.18 = mcg/ml).
Thiabendazole. 25mg/kg (max 1.5g) 12H oral 3 days.
Thiamazole. See methimazole.
Thiamine. Beriberi: 1-2mg/kg IV, IM or oral daily. Metabolic
disease (NOT/kg): 100mg 8H IV, IM, SC, oral.
Thiethylperazine. >1 Okg: 0.2mg/kg (adult 1Om g) 8-24H oral,
IM, or PR.
Thioguanine. 100rng/m2 daily oral; or 100rng/m2 12H for 5-7
days.
Thiopental. See thiopentone.
Thiopentone. 2-5mg/kg slowly stat (beware hypotension). IV
infsn: amp 25mg/ml at 0.04-0.2ml/l<gihr (1-5mg/kg/hr). Level
150-200umoi/L (x0.24 = rncg/ml).
Thioridazine. 0.5-3mg/kg (adult 25-150mg) 6-SH oral or IM.
Thiosulphate. See sodium thiosulphate.
Thiotepa. 10-14mg/m2 IV every 1-4wk.
Thiotepa. 1 in 2000: 1 drop/eye 4-6H for 6wk.
Thiothixene. >12yr (NOTikg): initially 2mg 8H oral, slow incr
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to 2-20mg per dose.
Threonine.15-30mg/kg (adult 0.75-1.5g) 8H oral.
Thrombin glue. 10,000u thrombin in 9ml mixed with 1ml10%
calcium chloride in syringe 1, 10ml cryoprecipitate in syringe
2: apply to bleeding sites together. Do not inject.
Thrombin, topical. 1 00-2000u/ml onto bleeding surface.
Thymidine. 75g/m2 every 4-6wk IV over 24hr.
Thymoxamine. Adult, NOT/kg: 40-80mg 6H oral.
Thyrotropin alfa. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.9mg IM 24H x2 doses, or
72H x3 doses.
Thyroxine, levothyroxine (LT4). 1.6mcg/kg (adult 100-200
meg) daily oral, titrated. IV: 1.2mcg/kg daily. See also
liothyronine (LT3), liotrix (LT3/LT4).
Tiagabine. 0.1 mg/kg (adult 5mg) 12H oral, incr wkly to 0.1-0.2
mg/kg (adult 5-10mg) 8H; 0.2-0.3mg/kg (adult 10-15mg) 8H
if on carbamazepine, phenobarb, phenytoin, primidone.
Tiaprofenic acid. 2-4mg/kg (adult 1 00-200rng) BH oral.
Tibolone. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5mg daily oral.
Ticagrelor. Adult, NOT/kg: 180mg stat, then 90mg 12H oral.
Ticarcillin. 50mgikg (adult 3g) 8H (1st wk life) 6H (>1wk) IV.
Severe inftn: 50mg/kg 6H (1" wk life) 4H (>1wk) or constant
infsn. Cystic fib: 100rngikg (max 6g) 8H IV.
Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid. Dose as for ticarcillin.
Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine. Inanimate. 0.5m11M stat,
after 4-12wk, and after 9-12mo. Boost every 3-6yr.
Ticlopidine. 5mg/kg (adult 250mg) 12H oral.
Tigecycline. 2mgikg (adult 1 OOmg) IV over 1 hr stat, then 1
mg/kg (adult 50mg) IV over 30min 12H.
Tilactase. 200u/drop: 5-15 drops/L added to milk 24hr before
use. 3300u/tab: 1-3tabs with meals oral.
Tiludronate. Adu It 400mg daily for 12 wk oral.
Tiludronic acid. See tiludronate disodium.
Timolol. 0.1mg/kg (adult 5mg) 8-12H, incr to max 0.3mgikg
(adult 15rng) 8H. Eye drops (0.25%, 0.5%): 1 drop/eye 12-
24H; see also bimatoprost + timolol, latanoprost + tirnolol.
Timolol 5mg/ml + travoprost 40mcg/ml. 1 drop/eye daily.
Tinidazole. Giardia, trichomonas: 50mg/kg (adult 2g) daily for
2 days oral, or 25mg/kg (adult 1g) daily x5 days. Amoebiasis:
50rng/kg (adult 2g) daily for 3-5 days, usually followed by
diloxanide furoate 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 8H x10 days.
Tinzaparin. 1mg = 75 anti-Xa IU. Prophylaxis: 50u/kg SC 2hr
before surgery, then daily for 7-10 days. Treatment: 175u/kg
SC daily for at least 6 days.
Tioconazole. 280rngiml: apply to nails 12H for 6-12mo.
Tioguanine. Usually 200mg/m2 daily oral for 5-20 days.
Tiopronin. 3-10mg/kg (adult 150-500mg) 6-BH oral.
Tiotropium. Inhaled daily NOT/kg: cap 18rncg; MDI 5mcg.
See olodaterol.
Tipiracil. See triflu1idine.
Tipranavir (TPV). See ritonavir. Resistant HIV-1 trough
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<o20,500 ng/ml.
Tirilazad. 1.5mg/kg 6H IV over 30min.
Tirofiban. 0.4mcg/kg/min for 30min, then 0.1 meg/kg/min for 2-
5 days; also give heparin to APTT x2 normal.
Tissue plasminogen activator. See alteplase.
Tizanidine. 0.01 mg/kg (adult 0.5mg) BH, incr gradually to 0.1-
0.25mg/kg (adult 6-12mg) BH oral.
Tobramycin. IV or IM. 1wk-10yr: 8mg/kg day 1, then 6 mg/kg
daily. >1 oyr: 7mg/kg day 1' then 5mgil<g (max 240-360mg)
daily. Neonate, 5mg/kg dose: <1.2kg 48H (0-7 days of life),
36H (8-30 days), 24H (>30 days); 1.2-2.5kg 36H (0-7 days of
life), 24H (>7 days): term 24H (0-7 days of life), then as for
1wk-10yr. Trough level <1.0mg/L. lnhaltn alternate months:
80mg in 4mi12H; DPI112mg 12H; PARI, TOBI 300mg 12H.
Eye: 1 drop or 1 em cream 4H. See also dexamethasone.
Tocainide. 5-10mg/kg (max 400-800mg) 8-1211 IV over 30min
or oral.
Tocilizumab. 12mg/kg (<30kg) 8mg/kg (>30kg) IV over 1hr
every 2wk.
Tocopherol. See alpha-tocopheryl acetate, and vitamin E.
Tofacitinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 5mg 12H oral.
Tolazamide. 2·-5mg/kg (adult 1 00-250mg) 6-24H oral.
Tolazoline. Newborn: 1-2mg/kg slowly stat (beware hypotension), then 2-6mcg/kg/min (0.12-0.36rng/kg/hr) IV. Note: 1-2
mgil<gihr too much (Ward, Pediatrics 1986;77:307-15).
Tolbutamide. Adult, NOT/kg: initially 1g 12H oral, often
reducing to 0.5-1g daily.
Tolcapone. Adult, NOTil<g: 100mg 8H oral; if no response, try
maximum dose of 200mg 8H. Monitor AL T and AST.
Tolfenamic acid. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) oral, may repeat
once after 2hr.
Tolmetin. 5-1 Omg/kg (adult 400-600mg) BH oral.
Tolnaftate. 1% cream, ointmnt, powdr, soltn: apply 8-12H.
Tolterodine. 0.05mg/kg (adult 2mg) 1211 oral. Slow rei: adult
2-4mg daily oral.
Tolvaptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 15rng (max 60mg) daily oral.
Topiramate. 0.5rng/kg (adult 25rng) daily oral, incr wkly if reqd
to 3-5mg/kg (adult 1 00-200mg) 12H; max 15mg/kg (max 1 g)
12H. Slow-rei: same toll dose given daily. See phentermine.
Topotecan. 1.5mg/rn2 daily x5 IV over 30min, repeat every
3wk for at least 4 courses.
Torasernide. 0.1-1mg/kg (adult 5-50mg) daily oral or IV.
Rarely up to 4mg/kg (adult 200rng) daily in renal failure.
Toremifene. Adult, NOT/kg: 60mg daily oral.
Torsemide. See torasernide.
Tositumomab. Dosimetric dose (adult, NOT/kg): 450mg in
50ml saline IV over 60rnin, then 1
131 (5mCi) tositumornab
(35rng) in 30ml saline IV over 20min. Therapeutic dose
based on response to dosimetric dose and platelet count
Trabectedin. Premed with dexamethasone 0.4rng/kg (max
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20mg) IV. Sarcoma 1.5mg/m2 IV over 24hr every 3wk;
ovarian cancer 1.1 mg/m2 IV over 3hr every 3wk (given after
pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30mg/m2 IV over 15min).
Tramadol. 2-3mg/kg {adult 50-100mg) stat, then 1-Zmg/kg
(adult 50-1 OOmg) 4-6H (usual max 400mg/day, up to 600
rng/day) oral or IV over 3min.Siow-release (adult, NOT/kg):
up to 8mg/kg (max 400mg) daily. IV infsn 2-Bmcg/kg/min.
Tramazoline. Nasal: 82mcg each nostril x3-6/day. See also
dexamethasone + tramazoline.
Trametinib. Adult, NOT/kg: 2mg daily oral with dabrafenib.
Trandolapril. 0.01-0.1mg/kg (adult 0.5-4mg) daily oral.
Tranexamic acid, Oral: 15-25mg/kg (adult 1-1.5g) 8H for :>5
days. IV: 10-15mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) 8H; surgery for cyanotic
congenital heart disease 1 OOmg/kg load, then 1 Omg/kg/hr.
Tranylcypromine. 0.2mg/kg (adult 10mg) 8-12H oral.
Trastuzumab. 4mg/kg IV over 90min load, then 2mg/kg IV
over 30min wkly. Early cancer after chemo: 8 mg/kg IV over
90min, then 6mg/kg IV over 90min every 3wk.
Travoprost. 40mcg/ml (0.004%): 1 drop/eye in evening. See
also timolol + travoprost.
Trazodone. 1-4mg/kg (adult 50-200mg) 8H oral. Slow rei
(adult, NOT/kg): 75-150rng each evening oral, incr by 75mg
every 3 days to 375-600mg daily.
Treosulfan. Adjust dose according to response. 3-8g/m2 IV
over 30m in every 1-3wk. Adult, NOT/kg: 4wk cycles of
250rng 611 oral for 2.wk, then 2wk off.
Treprostinil. 1.25ng/kg/min SC or IV infsn, incr each wk by
1.25-2. 5ng/kg/min to max 40-160ng/kg/rnin. Adu It (NOT/kg):
ER tabs 0.25-21rng 12H oral; inhaltn (1.74mg/2.9ml) 3
breat11s 6H incr wkly to 9 breaths (54mcg) 6H.
Tretinoin. 22.5mg/m2 12H oral. Cream or lotion 0.05%, gel
0.01%: apply daily for 3-4 months, then x1-3/wk.
Triamcinolone. Joint, tendon (NOT/kg): 0.5-20mg (up to 40
mg) stat. IM: 0.05-0.2mg/kg every 1-7 days. Cream or ointment 0.02%, 0.05%: apply sparingly 6-BH. Nasal: 55rnog
spray 1-2/nostril daily. Triamcinolone has no mineralcorticoid
action, 1 mg = 5rng hydrocortisone in glucocorticoid action.
See also gramicidin combination cream and ointment.
Triamterene. 2mg/kg (adult 1 OOrng) 8-24H oral. See also
benzthiazide + triamterene.
Triazolam. 0.005-0.01mg/kg (adult 0.125-0.5mg) at night oral.
30 min preop: 0.01-0.03 mg/kg {adult 0.5mg) oral.
Tribavirin. See ribavirin.
Triclofos. 25-30mg/kg (adult 0.5-1g) at bedtime oral.
Triclosan. 0.5%-5% lotion: 2ml to wet skin for 30sec, rinse
and repeat. Bath oil: 20ml in 20crn bath, soak 15min.
Trientine. 10mg/kg (adult 500mg) 6-12H oral.
Triethylenethiophosphoramide. See thiotepa.
Trifluoperazine. 0.02-0.4mg/kg (adult 1-10mg, occasionally
20mg) 12H oral. Capsule: adult 15mg daily.
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Trifluridine. 1% soltn: 1 drop/eye 2H (max 9 drops/day) until
epithelialised, then 4H (max 5 drops/day) for 7 days.
Trifluridine + tipiracil. 15/6.14mg, 20/8.19 tab. 35mg/m2 (of
trifluridine) 12H oral day 1-5 and 8-12 of 28 day cycle.
Trihexyphenidyl. See benzhexol.
Triiodothyronine (T3). See liothyronine.
Trilostane. 0.5-4mg/kg (adult 30-240mg) 61-1 oral.
Trimeprazine. Antihist: 0.1-0.Smg/kg (adult 2.5-25rng) 61-1
oral. Sedatn: 0.5-1 mg/kg IM, 2-4mg/kg oral.
Trimethobenzamide. 5mg/kg (adult 250mg) 6-SH orai,IM,PR.
Trimethoprim. 4mglkg (adult 75-150mg) 12H, or 6-8mg/kg
(usual max 300mg) daily oral or IV. Urine prophylaxis: 2
mg/kg (adult 150mg) at night oral. P jirovecii: see dapsone.
Trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole. See cotrimoxazole.
Trimethylglycine. See betaine hydrochloride.
Trimetrexate. 45mgim' IV over 90min daily for 21 days, with
folinic acid 20mg/m2 IV over 1Om in 61-1 for 24 days (ie for 3
days longer than the trimetrexate).
Trimipramine. 1-2rnglkg (adult 50-100mg) 8·24H oral.
Trioxsalen. See trioxysalen.
Trioxysalen. Adult: 5-10mg daily 2hr before UV exposure.
Tripelennamine. 1.25mglkg (adult 75mg) 6H oral.
Tripotassiurn dicitratobismuthate. See bismuth subcitrate.
Triprolidine. See pseudoephedrine+ triprolidene.
Triptorelin. Adult, NOT/kg. Depot: 3.75-4.2mg IM every 28
days. Long acting: 11.25mg IM every 12wk.
Tris. See tromethamine.
Trisodium edetate. 40-70mg/kg (max 3g) IV over 6hr daily for
5 days; max 3 courses each 2 days apart.
Trometamol (THAM, Tris). See tromethamine.
Tromethamine (THAM). ml of 0.3 molar (18g/500ml) soltn = (Wt in kg) x BE; give half IV over 30min, then repeat if reqd.
Tropicamide. 0.5%, 1%: 1 drop/eye, repeat after 5min.
Tropisetron. Perioperative: 0.1 rng/kg (adult 2rng) IV or oral,
then 12-24H. Chemotherapy: 0.2mg/kg (adult 5mg) IV or oral
just before chemo, then 12-241-1.
Trospium. 0.4mglkg (adult 20mg) 121-1 oral.
Trovafloxacin. 4mg/kg (adult 200mg) daily oral. Severe inftn:
6mg/kg (adult 300mg) daily oral.
Tryptophan, L isomer. Adult, NOT/kg 1-2g 81-1 oral.
Tulobuterol. 0.04mg/l<g (adult 2mg) 8-12H oral.
Tyloxapol. See colfosceril palmitate.
Typhoid vaccine, oral (Vivotif). Live. 1 cap oral days 1, 3, 5
and (for better immunity) 7. Boost yearly.
Typhoid vaccine, parenteral, polysaccharide (Typherix,
Typhim Vi). Inanimate. >5yr: 0.5ml IM once. Boost 3yrly.
Ubidecarenone. 1-3rng/kg (adult 50-150mg) 12H oral.
Ulipristal. NOT/kg. 30mg oral within 120hr of intercourse.
Fibroids: 5mg daily for max 3mo; repeat after 1 mo if reqd.
Umeclidinium. Adult, NOT/kg: 62.5mcg inhaled daily.
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Umeclidinium 62.5mcg + vilanterol 25mcg. Adult, NOT/kg:
1 inhalation daily.
Undecenoic acid, undecylenic acid. 2-5% cream, oint,
powder: apply 12H.
Uracil. See tegafur + uracil.
Urea. 10% cream: apply 8-12H.
Uridine triacetate. 6.2g/m2 (max 1 Og) daily oral.
Urofollitrophin. See follicle stimulating hormone.
Urokinase. 4000u/kg IV over 1Om in, then 4000u/kg/hr for 12
hr (start heparin 3-4hr later). Blocked cannula: instill 5000-
25000u in 2-3ml saline for 2-4hr. Empyema: 2ml/kg of 1500
u/ml in saline, position head up/down and right side up/down
30min each, then drain. Pericard elf: 10,000 u/ml, 1ml/kg
(max 20ml), clamp 1 hr, drain. Alteplase usually preferable.
Ursodeoxycholic acid. 5-1 Omg/kg (adult 200-400mg) 12H
oral.
Ursodiol. See ursodeoxycholic acid.
Ustekinumab. Adult, NOT/kg 45mg (90mg if >1 OOkg) stat,
4wk later, then every 12wk SC.
Valaciclovir. Varicella: 20mg/kg (adult 1g) 8H oral. Genital
herpes (NOT/kg): treatment 500mg 12H, prevention 500mg
daily ( <1 0 episodes/yr) 1 g daily (>9 episodes/yr). Orolabial
herpes: 40mg/kg (adult 2g) 12H for 2 doses. Proph CMV:
40mg/kg (max 2g) 6H.
Valcyte. Adult, NOT/kg: 900mg 12H oral for 3wk, then 900mg
daily.
Valdecoxib. Adult(NOT/kg): 10rng daily (arthritis), 20mg 12H
(dysmenorrhoea) oral.
Valganciclovir. Treatment: neonate 15mg/kg 12H, >4wk 520
rng/m2 (max 900mg) 12H oral with food for 21 days, then
daily. Prophylaxis: 520mg/rn2 (rnax 900mg) daily oral with
food. Lower doses with renal impairment.
Valproic acid, valproate. See sodium valproate,
Valrubicin. Adult, NOT/kg: 800rng wkly x6 intravesical.
Valsartan. 0.8-3mg/kg (adult 40-160mg) daily oral. See also
arnlodipine, hydrochlorothiazide, nebivolol.
Vancomycin. Max 0.3mg/kg/min. Usually 25mg/kg IV, then
15-20rng/kg 8-12H; trough 1 0-15rng/L. Severe inftn: 30
mg/kg IV, then 15-20 mg/kg 8-12H; trough 15-20mg/L, MIC
<1 mg/L, AUC/MIC 400. Surgical proph: 25mg/kg IV over
90min ending just before procedure. C. difficile: 1 Omg/kg
(adult 500mg) 6H oral. lntraventric (NOT/kg): 10mg 48H.
Vandetanib. Adult, NOT/kg: 300rng daily oral. Check QTc.
~ardenafil. Erectile dysfunction (NOT/kg): 10rng (range 5-20
mg) oral 1 hr before sexual activity (max once/day).
Varenicline. Adult, NOT/kg: 0.5mg oral daily for 3 days, 12H
days 4-7; then 1 rng 12H for 11 wk (23wk if stopped smoking).
Varicella vaccine (Varilix, Varivax). Live. 0.5rnl SCat 18mo
and 12yr (Year 7). >12yr: 0.5rnl SC stat, and 4-Swk later.
See herpes zoster, measles, immunolobulin- zoster.
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Vasopressin, aqueous. 1M, SC: 2.5-10u 6-12H. IV: put 2-5u
in 1 L fluid. and replace urine output+ 10% each hour. Hypo ..
tension (brain death, sepsis, post-bypass): 1 u/kg in 50ml at
1-3ml/hr (0.02-0.06u/kg/hr) + adrenaline 0.1-0.Zmcg/kg/min.
Gl hge: 6u/kg in 50ml at 1-5ml/hr IV, 1 ml/hr local lA. TY, 10-
35min. See desmopressin, lypressin.
Vasopressin, oily. 2.5-5u (NOT/kg) IM every 2-4 days.
Vecuronium. ICU: 0.1 mg/kg prn IV. Theatre: 0.1 mg/kg stat,
then 0.5-2mcg/kg/min; up to 1 Omcg/kg/min occasionally.
Vedolizumab. NOT/kg>12yr 300mg at 0,2,6wk, then 8wkly IV.
Velaglucerase alpha. 60u/kg infused IV every 2wk.
Velpatasvir. See sofosbuvir.
Vemurafenib. Adult, NOT/kg: 960mg (480-720mg if toxicity)
12H oral with cobimetinib.
Venetoclax. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg daily oral, incr wkly to
50mg, 1 OOmg, 200mg. then 400rng daily.
Venlafaxine. Adult, NOT/kg: 37.5mg 12H oral, incr if reqd to
max 150mg 12H. Slow rei: '15mg daily oral, incr if reqd to
max 225mg daily. Not recommended in cl1ildren.
Verapamil. IV: 0.1-0.Zmg/kg (adult 5-10mg) over 10min, then
5mcg/kg/min. Oral: 1-3 mg/kg (adult 80-120mg) 8-12H.
Veregen. 15% ointment: apply 8H for up to 16wk.
Versenate. See sodium calciumedetate.
Verteporfin. 6mg/m2 over 1Om in IV; 15m in after start of infsn
give diode laser of 689nm at 600mW/cm2 for 83sec.
Vidarabine. Eye ointment: x5/day until epithelialised, then
12H 7 days. IV infsn: 10mg/kg/day 5-10 days (varicellazoster), 15rng/kg/day 10 days (herpes encephalitis).
Vigabatrin. 25mg/kg (adult 500mg) 12H oral, incr if reqd to
max 75mg/kg (adult 1.5g) 12H.
Vilanterol. See fluticasone, umeclidinium.
Vilazodone. Adult, NOT/kg daily oral: 10mg wk1, 20mg wk2,
40mg wk3.
Vildagliptin. Adult, NOT/kg. With sulfonylurea (eg glimepiride)
50mg morning oral. With thiazolidinedione (eg pioglitazone)
50mg morning or 12H. See also metformin.
Viloxazine. 2-5mg/kg (adult 100-250mg) morning, and 2-3
mg/kg (adult 100-150mg) noon oral. Elderly: 100mg daily.
Vinblastine. 6.5mg/m2 IV over 1 min every 1-4wk.
Vincristine. 1.5mg/m2 wkly IV over 1 min.
Vindesine. 3-4mg/m2 IV every 7-1 Oday if WCC>2500/mm3
.
Vinflunine. 320mg/m2 IV over 20min every 3wk; 200-280
mg/m2 if neutropenia, renal impairment or liver toxicity.
Vinorelbine. 30mg/m2 IV over 1 Omin weekly.
Vismodegib. Adult, NOT/kg: 150mg daily oral.
Vitamin A. NOT/kg. High risk: 100,000iu (<8kg), 200,000iu
(>8kg) oral or IM every 4-Gmo. Severe measles: 400,000iu
once. Cystic fib: 1500u daily (<3yr) 5000u daily (3-10yr)
10000u daily (>1 Oyr) oral. Dose >10,000iu daily or >25000u
per wk may be teratogenic.
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Vitamin A, 8, C, 0 compound (Pentavite, child). NOT/kg.
<3yr 2.5ml daily, >3yr 5ml daily.
Vitamin A, B, C, 0 compound (Pentavite, infant). NOT/kg.
<3yr 0.15ml daily, incr with age by 0.15ml/day to 0.45ml/day.
Vitamin B group. Amp: IV over 30 min. Tab: 1-2/day.
Vitamin 81. See thiamine.
Vitamin 82. Metabolic disease: 50-150mg 12-24H oral.
Vitamin B6. See pyridoxine.
Vitamin 812. See hydroxocobalamin.
Vitamin C. See ascorbic acid.
Vitamin 02. See ergocalciferol.
Vitamin 03. See cholecalciferol.
Vitamin E. 1u = 1mg. Preterm babies, Coperol E (NOT/kg):
40u (2 drops) daily oral. CF, malabs: 50-100u (<3yr) 200-
400u (>3yr) daily oral. Cholestasis: 50u/kg daily oral, incr if
reqd in 50u/kg increments. A-beta-lipoproteinaemia: 35-70
u/kg 8H oral. HUS: 0.25g/m2 6H oral. See alpha-tocopheryl.
Vitamin K1. See phytomenadione.
Vitamin K3. See menapthone sodium bisulphite.
Vitamins, parenteral. MVI-12 (for adult): 5ml in 1 litre IV fluid.
MVI Paediatric, added to IV fluid: 65% of a vial (<3kg), 1 vial
(3kg to ·11 yr).
Vitaprem (RCH: Pentavite, folate, 812, C). 1 ml daily oral.
Von Willebrand factor I Factor VII concentrate (Wilate).
Minor hge: 20-40 IU/kg then 20-30 IU/kg 12-14H. Surgery:
35-50 IU/kg, then 30-40 IU/kg 12 .. 24H.
Vorapaxar. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.08mg daily oral.
Voriconazole. Oral: <40kg liquid 9mg/kg 12H; <:40kg load
400mg 12H x2 doses, then 200-300mg 12H. IV (max 3
mg/kg/hr): load 9mg/kg (<40kg) 6mg/kg (<:40kg) 12H x2
doses, then Bmg/kg (<40kg) 3-4mg/kg (<:40kg) 12H. Beware
interactions. Trough level1-5mg/L (3-16umoi/L).
Vorinostat. Adult, NOT/kg: 400mg daily oral; may need to
decrease to 300mg daily, or 300mg on 5 days a week.
Votiioxetine. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg incr to 20mg daily oral.
Warfarin. Usually 0.2mg/kg (max 5mg) stat, 0.2mg/kg (adult
5mg) next day if INR <1.3, t11en 0.05-0.2mg/kg (adult 2-5mg)
daily oral. UsuaiiNR 2-2.5 for prophylaxis, 2-3 for treatment,
3-4 mechanical valve. Beware drug interactions. Severe hge:
reverse with either coagulation factor (Prothrombinex) 25
u/l<g (adult 500u) or factor 7a (rFVIIa) 20mcg/l<g, and phytomenadione 0.3mg/kg (adult 1 Omg), and fresh frozen plasma
1 Oml/kg; repeat according to INR.
Whole blood. 6mllkg raises Hb 1 g%. 1 bag ~ 400ml approx.
Xamoterol. 4mg/l<g (adult 200mg) 12-24H oral.
Xipamide. 0.5"1.5mg/kg (adult 20-BOmg) daily oral.
Xylometazoline. <6yr: 0.05% 1 drop or spray 8-12H. 6-12yr:
0.05%2-3 drops or sprays 8··12H. >12yr: 0.1%2-3 drops or
sprays 6-12H.
Yellow fever vaccine (Stamaril). Live. >12mo: 0.5ml SC
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once. Boost every 1 Oyr.
Yohimbine. 0.05-0.1mg/kg (adult 2.7-5.4rng) 8H oral.
Zafirlukast. NOT/kg: 10mg (>7yr) 20-40mg (adult) 12H oral.
Zalcitabine. Usually 0.015mg/kg (adult 1rng) 12H oral.
Zaleplon. Adult, NOT/kg: 10rng (5-20mg) at night oral.
Zanamivir. Adult, NOT/kg: 1 Omg 12H for 5 days inhaled.
Prophylaxis: 1 Omg daily inhaled.
Ziconotide. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.4rncg/day by intrathecal
infusion, incr every 24-48hr to max 21.6mcg/day.
Zidovudine (AZT, ZDV). Preterm: 1.5rng/kg 12H IV, or 2
mg/kg 12H oral to 2wk (<:30wk gest) or 4wl< (<30wk gest),
then 8H. Term newborn: 1.5mg/kg 6H IV, 2mg/kg 6H oral.
Child: usually 180mg/m2 (up to 240mg/m2
) 12H oral; 120
mg/m2 6H IV, or 20mg/m2
/hr IV (range 90-180 mg/m2 6-BH
IV). <:18yr: usually 200mg BH oral, or 300mg 12H oral, or
150mg SH IV. See also abacavir and lamivudine.
Zileuton. Adult, NOT/kg: 600mg 6H oral.
Zinc chloride. 5.3mg/ml = 2.5mg/ml Zn = 38umol/ml Zn. 2-
4umol/kg/day (<1yr), 1umol/kg/day (child), 40-60umol/day
(adult). Serum zinc 11-22 umoi/L.
Zinc sulphate. (220mg cap = 50mg Zn = 765umol Zn). Deficiency, acroderm enteropath: initially 3mg/kg (adult 220mg) 8·
12H oral, adjusted to achieve serum zinc 11-22umoi/L (0.7-
1.4mg/L). Diarrhoea child (NOT/kg): 1 0-20mg daily oral.
Ziprasidone. Adult, NOT/kg: 20mg 12H, incr if reqd to max
80mg 12H oral.
Ziv-aflibercept. 4mg/kg IV over 1 hr every 2wk.
Zoledronate. 0.02mg/kg IV over 15min, then 0.04-0.05 mg/kg
(max 4mg) every 3-6 months. Postmenopausal osteoporosis
(adult, NOT/kg): 5mg IV every 1-2 years.
Zoledronic acid. See zoledronate.
Zolrnitriptan. Adult, NOT/kg: 2.5-5mg oral, repeat in 2.hr if
reqd; max 15mg in 24hr. Nasal: 5mg spray in each nostril,
repeat in 2hr if reqd; max twice in 24hr.
Zolpidern. 0.1-0.4mg/l<g (adult 5-20mg) nocte oral; lower dose
for women. Sublingual: 5-10mg nocte; Intermezzo 1.75mg
(women) 3.5mg (men). Oral spray 5mg: 1-2 sprays nocte.
Zonisamide. 2mg/kg (adult 100mg) daily oral, incr if reqd after
2wk to 12H, then 3mg/kg (adult 150mg) 12h, then 4rng/kg
(adult 200mg) 12H; rarely up to 6mg/kg (adult 300mg) 12H.
Level 1 0-20mg/L.
Zopiclone. 0.1-0.3mg/kg (adult 5-15mg) at bedtime oral.
Zotepine. 0.5mg/kg (adult 25mg) 8H oral, adjusted every 4
days to 0.5-2mg/kg 8H.
Zuclopenthixol. Usually slow increase: 0.2-3.0mg/kg (adult
10-150mg) daily oral. IM Adult, NOT/kg: acetate (50mg = 45mg base) 50-150mg every 2-3 days (max total 400mg);
decanoate (200mg = 144mg base) depot 200-400mg (oral
daily dose x8) every 2-4wk.
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HAEMOFILTRATION (VENO-VENOUS)
Cannula: 6.5 Fr double lumen in newborn (blood flow 10-40
ml/min), 8 Fr in child (flow 30-60 rnl/min), 11.5 Fr in teenager (flow 50-150ml/min), 14Fr adult (flow 100-300 ml/min).
Filter: Removes particles up to approx 20,000 Dalton. Filtrate:
10-50ml/kg/hr (monitor serum creatinine). Keep blood flow
at least five times filtration rate.
Heparin: 1 OOu/kg in 50ml saline at 1-1 Oml/hr prefilter, 10 u/kg
in 50ml saline at 1-1 Oml/hr postfilter; keep ACT 1.5 x normal (Actalyke 140-160).
Citrate (no heparin): prefilter ACD 1.8ml/hr per 1 ml/min of
blood flow (so prefilter ionised Ca <0.3 mmoi/L); postfilter
10% CaCI2 1 ml/hr (adjust so patient ionised Ca >1 mmoi/L).
Replacement fluid: dextrose 0.18%, Na 135mmoi/L, K 3.5, Ca
1.7, Mg 0.7, Bic 25, Phos 1.0, Cl110, acetate balance.
Nutrition: x2 normal amino acids, trace elements, vit B&C.
PLASMAFILTRATION (VENO·VENOUS)
Cannula, blood flow and heparin: as for haemofiltration.
Filter: Removes particles of MW up to 3,000,000 Dalton.
Filtrate: 20-50ml/kg/hr (a 2-volume plasma exchange is
20ml/kg/hr for 4hr). Blood flow <:5x filtrate flow.
Acid citrate dextrose solution, formula A (ACDA): 1 ml/hr
prefilter for every 1 ml/min of blood flow.
Replacement fluid: albumin 30g/L, dextrose 0.3%, Na 135
mmoi/L, K 3.5, Ca 2.0, Mg 0. 7, bic 25, phos 1.5, Cl 100,
acetate to balance. Give 1 bag FFP (about 230m!) per
800ml replacement, cryoprecipitate 5ml/kg (1 bag/4kg) if
fibrinogen <2g/L, and immunoglob 0.5g/kg prn.
ECMO
Indications (preductal gas): Newborn 01 >0.4 or VI >90.
Flow: VA: <10kg 100-150ml/kg/min, >10kg: 2.4Lim2
/min;
higher flows needed in sepsis. W: about 70% of VA flows.
Ventilation of neonates: typically 10 x 20/10 (PIP minimum
needed to move chest) in air.
Heparin: 1 OOu/kg cannulatn; then 20u/kg/hr, adjust to ACT.
Maintain: Plasma Hb <0.1g/L. ACT x2 normal (Actalyke 150-
160), pi >80,000. Hge: Actalyke 140-150, pi >150,000.
Preparation: clear prime in emergency. Cross match 1 u whole
blood, up to 4u packed cells, 2u FFP, 1 u cryo, 2-5u platelets.
Ensure good CVC and arterial line, correct ETT.
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'CYTOCHROME P450 INTERACTIONS
For more information, see Medical Letter 2016;58:e46-e47 and
http://medicine.iupui.edu/CLJNPHARM!ddis/clinlcal-table.
Increase the dose of a substrate drug if it is given with a drug that
induces the metabolism of that group, and reduce it when given
with an Inhibitor. For example, phenytoin is metabolised by
CYP2C9 (group 2C9), and this enzyme group is inhibited by
fluconazole - so the dose of phen'Y1oin should be reduced if
fluconazole is given to a patient who is already on phenytoin.
Substrate dr.!!9.Jl. Alfentanil 3A, alprazolam 3A, amiodarone 3A,
amitriptyline 2C 19 & 206, amlodipine 3A, amodiaquine 2C8,
amprenavir 3A, aniline 2E1, aripiprazole 206 & 3A, artemisin 286,
astemizole 3A, atazanavir 3A, atomoxetine 206, atorvastatin 3A,
benzene 2E1, boceprevir 3A, budesonide 3A, bupropion 286,
buspirone 3A, carbamazepine 3A, carisoproaoi2C19, carvedilol
206, celecoxib 2C9, cerivastatin 2C8 & 3A, chlorpheniramine 3A,
chlorzoxazone 2E1, cisapride 3A, citalopram 2C19, clarithromycin
3A, clomipramine 2C19 & 206, clopidogrei2C19, clozapine 1A2,
codeine 206, cortisol 3A, cyclobenzaprine 1 A2, cyclophosphamide
286 & 2C19 & 3A, cyclosporin 3A, darifenacin 3A, delaviridine 3A,
desipramine 206, dextromethorphan 206, diazepam 2C19 & 3A,
diclofenac 2C9, diltiazem 3A, doxepine 206, duloxetine 1A2 &
206, efavirenz 286, enfiurane 2E1, erlotinib 3A, erythromycin 3A,
esomeprazole 2C19, ethanoi2E1, everoiimus 3A, felodipine 3A,
fentanil 3A, flecainide 206, fluoxetine 206, fluvastatin 2C9,
fluvoxamine 1A2, formamide 2E1, gleevec 3A, glipizide 2C9,
glyburide 2C9, haloperidoi1A2 & 206 & 3A, halothane 2E1,
ibuprofen 2C9, ifosfamide 286, imipramine 1A2 & 2C19 & 206,
indinavir 3A, lrbesartan 2C9, isoflurane 2E1, ketamine 286,
labetaiol 2C19, lansoprazole 2C19, losartan 2C9, lovastatin 3A,
meperidine 286, methadone 286 & 3A, methoxy11urane 2E1,
metoproio1206, mexiletine 1A2 & 206, midazolam 3A, nifedipine
3A, nimodipine 3A, omeprazole 2C19, ondansetron 206,
nabumetone 1A2, naproxen 1A2 & 2C9, nelfinavir 3A, nevirapine
286 & 3A, nifedipine 3A, nisoldipine 3A, nitrendipine 3A, oestradiol
3A, oianzapine 1A2, omeprazole 2C19, ondansetron 206, oxybutynin 3A, oxycodone 206, paclitaxel 2C8, pantoprazole 2C19, para ..
cetamol 2E1, paroxetine 206, pazopanib 3A, phenobarbitone
2C19, phenytoin 2C9 & 2C19, pirnozide 3A, piroxicam 2C9,
progesterone 2C19 & 3A, proguanii2C19, propafenone 206,
propofol 286, quinidine 3A, quinine 3A, rabeprazoie 2C19, repa ...
glinide 2C8 & 3A, riluzole 1A2, risperidone 206, ritonavir 3A, rosiglitazone 2C9, saquinavir 3A, selegiline 286, sevoflurane 2E1,
sildenafil 3A, simvastatin 3A, sirolimas 3A, solifenacin 3A, sulfamethoxazoie 2C9, sufentanii3A, tacrine 1A2, tacrolimus 3A,
tadalafil 3A, tamoxifen 2C9 & 206 & 3A, telaprevir 3A, telithromycin 3A, theophylline 1A2 & 2E1, thioridazine 206, timoiol206,
tizanidine 1A2, tolbutamide 2C9, tolterodine 3A. torsemide 2C8 &
2C9, tramadol206 & 3A, trazodone 3A, triamterene 1A2, triazoiarn
3A, troleandomycin 3A, valproate 2C9, vardenafil 3A, venlafaxine
206, verapamil 3A, vinblastine 3A, vincristine, 3A, voriconazole
2C19, warfarin 2C9, zafirlukast 2C9, zileuton 1A2, zolmitriptan 1A2.
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I
~
Inhibitor and inducer drugs: strong inhibitors in italics
Group 1A21nhibitor: amiodarine, cimetidine, ciprol/oxacin,
desferasirox, efavirenz, enoxacin, f/uvoxamfne, levofloxacin,
lomeftoxacin, mexiletine, noriloxacin, oestrogens, ofloxacin, spar~
floxacin, thiabendazole, ticlopidine, trovafloxacin, vemurafenib,
zileuton. Inducer: barbiturates, carbamazepine, primidone,
rifampicin, tobacco.
Group 2B6 Inhibitor: clopidrogel, mifepristone, thiotepa,
ticlopidine, voriconazote. Inducer; artemisin, carbamazine,
efavirens, isavuconazonium, nevirapine, phenobarbitone,
phenytoin, rifampicin, ritonavir.
Group 2C8 Inhibitor: abiraterone, deferasirox, gemfibrosi/,
lapatinib, montelukast, nilotinib, sorafenib, teriflunomide,
trimethoprim. Inducer: rifampicin.
Groul1_2C9 Inhibitor: amiodarone, capecitabine, ceritinib,
clopidrogel, delavirdine, disulfiram, efavirenz, etavirine, fenofibrate,
fluconazole, floxuridine, fluorouracil, fluvastatin, imatinib, isoniazid,
metronidazole, miconazo!e, nilotinib, paroxetine, sorafenib,
sulfisoxazole, sulphadiazine, sulphmethoxazole, valproate,
voriconazole, zafirlukast. Inducer: aprepitant, barbiturates,
bosentan, carbamazepine, dabrafenib, enzalutamide, phenytoin,
prirnidone, rifampicin, secobarbitone.
glroup 2C19_ Inhibitor: armodafinil, bortezomib, cimetidine,
delavirdine, efavirenz, esomeprazole, etravirine, felbamate,
fluoxetine, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, isoniazid,
ketoconazole, lansoprazole, modafinil, omeprazole, oral
contraceptives, oxycarbazepine, tlc/opidine, voriconazole.
Inducer: barbiturates, carbamezepine, efavirenz, enzalutamide,
phenytoin, rifampicin, ritonavir, StJohn wort.
Group 206 Inhibitor: amiodarone, buproprion, chlorpheniramine,
cimetidlne, cinaca/el, clomipramine, duloxetine, fluoxetine,
haloperidol, methadone, paroxetine, quinidine, quinine, ritonavir,
terbinafine, tipranavlr.
Group 2E1 Inhibitor: disulfiram. Inducer: ethanol, isoniazid.
Group 3A4,5, 7 Inhibitor: amiodarone, amprenavir, aprepitant,
atazanavir, ceritinib, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, clotrimazole,
cobicistat, conivaptan, crizotinib, cyclosporine, dalfopristin, darunavir, delavirdine, diltiazem, dronedarone, erythromycin, fluconazole, fluvoxamine, fosamprenavir, grapefruit juice, idelalislb,
imatinib, indinavir, isavuconazoniurn, isoniazid, itraconazole,
ivacaftor, ketoconazole, lomitapide, !opinavfr, mibefradi!, miconazo!e, nefazodone, ne/finavir, netupitant, norfloxacin, posacon-·
azo/e, quinupristin, ritonavir, saquinavir, tefithromycin, tipranavir,
troleandomycin, verapamil, voriconazole1 zafirlukast. Inducer:
armodafinil, arternether, barbiturates, bexarotene, bosentan,
carbamazepine, dabrafenib, deferasirox, dexamethasone, efavirenz, enzalutamide, etravlrine, lumacaftm, mitotane, modafinil,
nafcillin, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbitone, phenytoin,
pioglitazone, primadone, rifabutin, rifampicin, rifapentine, StJohn
wort, troglitazone.
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ALVEOLAR- ART 0 2, MEAN AIRWAY PRESSURE, 01, VI
A-aD02 = PA02 - Pa02 = ((Pbar- Pwater) x Fi02)- (PaC02 I
0.8)- Pa02• Usually= (716xFi02)- (PaC0,!0.8)- Pa02•
Child <10mmHg, adult <15mmHg, elderly <40 mmHg.
MAP= ((PIPxiT) +(PEEP x ((60/RR)-IT))) I (60/RR).
Oxygenation index (01) = MAP x Fi02 I Pa02 .
Ventilation index (VI)= pCO, x RR x PIP /1000.
MUSCLE RELAXANTS
Normally use pancuronium. If tachycardia a problem, use
vecuronium. If severe renal or liver failure, use atracurium.
Approximate relative cost per day: pancuronium 1.0, vecuronium 10, atracurium 35.
PACING (p=paced, s=sensed, A=atrial, V=ventricular)
Code: chamber pI chambers I response to s
WI = Vp I Vs I inhibition with Vs
AAI = Ap I As I inhibition with As
DVI = Ap Vp I Vs only/ inhibition and reset by Vs
DOD= A&V p + s + response; eg As Vp, Ap Vs, or Ap Vp
If the atrial pacing wires are connected to the Rand L arm
leads from ECG machine, lead I is an atrial electrogram.
INTRAVASCULAR CATHETERS
Right internal jugular central line (inserted midway between
mastoid and sternal notch): depth= (Height in em) /10
UA line (tip above diaphragm, below left subcl art): depth =
2cm more than distance from of the shoulder to umbilicus.
UV line: catheter depth = distance from end of umbilical
stump to junction of lower and middle third of sternum.
HAEMATOLOGY
Extrinsic pathway (PT): 7, 10, 5, 2 (proth), 1 (fibrinogen).
Intrinsic pathway (APTT): 12, 11, 9, 8, 10, 5, 2(proth), 1(fib).
See albumin, cryoprecipitate, factor 8 concentrate, fresh
frozen plasma, packed cells, platelets, prothrombinex,
thrombin glue and whole blood in drug dOSElS section.
Compatible blood groups are:
Whole Packed CryoPatient blood red cells FFP precip
0 0 0 Any 0
A A orO' A orO AorAB A
B B or 0' BorO B arAB A
AB Any' Any AB A
' Low titre group 0 blood. Do not use whole blood.
Platelets: donor preferably has same ABO and Rh groups as
recipient, otherwise usually as for FFP.
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INTRAVENOUS FLUID REQUIREMENTS (ml/hr)
Wt kg: 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70
Active 12 20 30 40 50 60 65 70 80 90 95 100
Sick 6 10 14 20 25 30 35 40 45 55 60 70
Intubatd 5 10 14 17 21 25 28 32 40 45 50
Post-cardiac surgery: volume for "Intubated" in the table.
Active neonates: 2ml/kg/hr (day 1 of life), 3ml/kg/hr (day 2 of
life), 4ml/kg/hr (day 3 to 12mo).
<4wk: 10% Dex in 0.45% NaCI with 20mmoi/L KCI
e:4wk and <10kg: 10% Dex in 0.9% NaCI with 20mmoi/L KCI
e:10Kg: 5% Dex in 0.9% NaCI with KCI20 mmoi/L
FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE FORMULAE
Anion gap = Na - (bicarb + Cl). Normal <12.
Anuria (noncatabolic): urea rises 3-5mmoi/Liday, creatinine
rises 50-1 OOumoi/L/day (0.05-0.1 mmoi/Liday).
Bicarbonate. See drug doses section.
Blood volume = 85ml/kg in neonate, 65ml/kg in adult.
Chloride deficit: ml20% NaCI = Wtx 0.2 x (104- serum Cl).
Corrected Na =measured Na + 0.3 (glucose- 5.5) mmoi/L.
Effective osmolality = 2Na +glucose (mmoi/L). N 265-290.
Extracellular fluid: birth 400ml/kg, >1yr 250ml/kg.
Number ml/hr IV = microdrop/min = 4 x drop/min.
No. minoles = mEq/valence = mass(mg)/mol.wt.
Osmolality serum = 2Na + glue+ urea (mmoi/L). N 270-295.
Plasma volume = 45ml/kg in neonate, 35 ml/kg in adult.
Sodium deficit: ml saline= Wt x 4 x (140- [Na]) I(% saline).
Sodium in hyperglycaemia = Na + 0.3(glucose- 5.5).
Urine: minimum acceptable is 0.5-1.0ml/kg/hour.
Water deficit ml = 600 x Wt(kg) x (1 - 140/sodium).
DIALYSIS
If required: gentamicin 8-10mg/L, or cephazolin 250mg/L.
Cycles. Ventilated: 1 0-20mllkg/cycle (in/dwell 20min, out 10
min). Normal: 40ml/kg/cycle (in/dwell 40min, out 20min).
Potassium. 0-4rnmoi/L.
Solution. 1.5% isotonic, 4.25% hypertonic.
VENTILATION
Minimum flow rate 2-3 Llkg/min.
Head box oxygen: minimum gas flow 2-3 L/kg/min.
Nasopharyngeal oxygen: insert catheter to a depth equal to
distance from side of nose (ala nasi) to front of ear (tragus).
150ml/kg/min delivers approx 50% oxygen.
Volume control: tidal volume usually 6-10 ml/kg.
Ventilator rate/min: neonate 30, 6mo 25, 1-5yr 20, >5yr 16.
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'VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) IMMUNISATION
Birth. Hepatitis B (HB Vax II Paediatric) 0.5miiM.
2 months. Diphtheria + tetanus + acellular pertussis + polio +
Hib (DTPa-hepB-IPV-Hib) (lnfanrix-Hexa) 0.5 miiM; pneumococ (Prevenar13)0.5mi1M; rotavirus (RotaTeq) 2ml oral.
4 months. DTPa-hepB-IPV-Hib (lnfanrix-Hexa) 0.5m11M; 0.5
miiM; pneumococcus (Prevenar13) 0.5mi1M; rotavirus
(RotaTeq) 2m I oral.
6 months. DTPa-hepB-IPV-Hib (lnfanrix-Hexa) 0.5miiM; 0.5
miiM; pneumococcus (Prevenar 13) 0.5miiM; rotavirus
(RotaTeq) 2m I oral.
12 months. Measles+ mumps+ rubella (MMR-11/ Priorix) 0.5
ml SC; Hib + men C (Menitorix) 0.5mi1M.
18 months. MMR-chickenpox (Priorix-Tetra) 0.5 ml SC;
DTPa (lnfanrix or Tripacel) 0.5miiM.
4 yr. DTPa-IPV (lnfanrix-IPV) 0.5ml IM; MMR (MMR-11/
Priorix) 0.5ml SC.
School Year 7 (age 12-13yr). Chickenpox (Varivax I Varilrix)
0.5ml SC; human papillomavirus (Gardasil) 0.5ml IM at 0, 2
and 6 mo (3 doses); DTP (Boostrix) 0.5miiM.
50-59 years. Diptheria +tetanus (ADT) 0.5miiM.
From 65 years. Pneumococcus (Pneumovax 23) 0.5rnl IM;
Influenza (Fiuarix. Fluvax, Vaxigrip) 0.5ml SC every year.
70 years. Shingles (Zostavax) 0.65ml SC.
ANTIBIOTIC GUIDELINES
CNS,EYE
Herpes el]cephalitis. Aciclovir 500rng/m2 (:>12yr) 1 Omg/kg
(>12yr) 8H IV.
Meningitis. ;,2mo ceftriaxone 50mg/kg (max 2g) 12H IV;
<2mo cefotaxime 50mg/kg 6H IV and benzylpenicillin 60
mg/kg 12H (wk1) 8H (wk2) 6H (wk3-4) 4H (>wk4) IV.
Meningococcal prophylaxis. Rifampicin 1 Omg/kg (max 600
mg) 12H for 2 days.
Orbital cellulitis (proptosis, chemosis, eye movement
painful). Ceftriaxone 50mg/kg (max 2g) 121-1 IV and flucloxacillin 50rng/kg (max 2g) 6H IV.
Periorbital cellulitis. See soft tissue cellulitis.
cvs
Prophylaxis. Before cardiac surgery: cefazolin 50mg/kg IV.
Dental and upper respiratory procedures: amoxycillin 50
mg/kg (max 2g) oral 1 hr before or IV at induction.
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GITRACT
Acute peritonitis or ascending cholangitis. Benzylpenicillin
50mg/kg (max 2g) 4-6H IV and gentamicin daily IV and
metronidazole 15mg/kg (max 1.6g) stat then 7.5mg/kg
(max 800 mg) 8H IV.
Acute giardiasis. Metronidazole 30mg/kg (max 2g) daily for
3 days.
URINARY TRACT INFECTION
Sick, or <6mo, or acute pyelonephritis. Benzylpenicillin 50
mg/kg (max 2g) 6H IV and gentamicin daily IV.
Not sick and >6mo. Trimethoprim tab 4mg/kg 12H oral or
cotrimox syrup 8/40mg/ml 0.5ml/kg (max 20ml) 12H oral.
Prophylaxis. Trimethoprim or cotrimoxazole, half the above
doses daily.
RESPIRATORY
Acute tonsillitis. Consider no antibiotic (particularly if <4yr)
or penicillin V 30 mg/kg (max 1g) 12H oral for 10 days.
Acute otitis media. Consider none for 48hr (particularly if
>2yr) or amoxycillin 15mg/kg (max 500mg) 8H oral.
Pertussis. Clarithromycin 7.5mg/kg (max 500mg) 12H oral?
days or azithromycin 1 Omgil<g (max 500mg) daily 5 days.
Community acquired pneumonia. Mild: amoxycillin 15
mg/kg (max 500mg) 8H oral or roxithromycin 4mg/kg (max
150mg) 12H oral. Moderate: benzylpenicillin 50mg/kg (max
3g) 6H IV or roxithromycin. Severe pneumonia, or large
effusion: benzylpenicillin 50mg/kg (max 3g) 4H IV (or
flucloxacillin only if staph likely) and gentamicin daily IV
and azithromycin IV if considering mycoplasma.
SEPTICAEMIA, SKIN, SOFT TISSUE, BONE
Septicaemia, no meningitis, no obvious source. Flucloxacillin 50mg/kg (max 2g) 4H (or vancomycin if central line
or suspect MRSA) IV and gentamicin daily IV.
Septicaemia, unknown CSF. Fluclox or vane and cefotaxime.
Adenitis. Flucloxacillin 50mg/l<g (max 2g) 6H IV.
Cellulitis. Mild: cephalexin 25mg/kg (max 500mg) 6H oral.
Moderate, not responding, or facial: flucloxacillin 50mg/kg
(max 2g) 6H IV and gentamicin IV.
Bites, animal or human. Amoxycillin/clavulanate 15 mg/kg
(of amoxycillin) (max 500/125mg) 8H oral. Severe:
Ticarcillin··clavulanate 50mg/kg (max 3g) 6H IV
Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis. Flucloxacillin 50mg/kg (max
2g) 4-6H IV (andcefotaxime if <5yr and not Hib immunised).
Impetigo. Mupirocin 2% ointment 8H if localised or cephalexin 25mg/kg (max 500mg) 12H oral.
Lice, scabies. Permethrin 1% (head lice), 5% (scabies).
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NORMAL VALUES: BLOOD AND SWEAT
Acid phosphatase (prostatic): 0-0.8 IU/L
ACTH (0800hr): <20 pmoi/L
Activated partial t11romboplastin time (APTT): 22-39 sec
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, SGPT): 0-35 IU/L.
Albumin: (>1y): 33-47 giL (x0.1 g/100ml)
Alkaline phos (0-2y): 100-3501U (x0.041=KA/100ml)
Ammonia: <50 umoi/L (x1.703 = ug/1 OOml)
Amylase: 8-85 IU {x0.546 = SU/1 OOml)
Aspartate transaminase (AST) (1-3y): 15-60 IU (was SGOT)
Base excess: -4 to +3 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Bicarbonate: 18-25 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Bilirubin (>1m): <10 umoi/L (x0.0585 = mg/100ml)
Caeruloplasmin: 200-430 mg/L (x0.001143 = ODU)
Calcium ionized: 1.2-1.3 mmoi/L (x4.008 = mg/100ml)
Calcium total: 2.0-2. 7 mmoi/L (x4.008 = mg/1 OOml)
Carboxyhaemoglobin: <5% total
Chloride: 98-110 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Chloride, sweat (<12y): <50 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Cholesterol {>1 y): 3.1-5.4 mmoi/L (x38.66 = mg/1 OOml)
Cholinesterase: 600-1500 IU
Copper (1-9y): 14-28 umoi/L (x6.354 ug/100ml)
Coproporphyrin: <0.3 umoi/L (x654 = ug/L)
Cortisol: 150-600 nmoi!L
Creatine kinase (CK, CPK): 40-240 IU
Creatinine (1-9y): 10-60 umoi/L (x0.0113 = mg/100ml)
Cross-linked degradation products: <0.25 mg/L
Cyanide: <8umol/ml, >40 fatal (x0.026 = mcg/ml)
Ferritin: 18-300 mcg/L (x1 = ng/ml)
Fibrinogen: 1.9-5.0 gil (split products <1 0 mg/L)
Free fatty acids: 0.1-0.6 mmoi/L
Free thyroxine index (>4m): 60-155%
Globulins (>3y): 17-38 gil. (x0.1 = g/1 OOml)
Glucose (>1m): 3.6-5.4 mmoi/L (x18.02 = mg/100ml)
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) {>3m): <40 IU
Immature/total neutrophil ratio: <0.15 (neonate <0.2)
Insulin, fasting: 3-26 rnlJ/L
Iron: 9-27 urnoi/L {x5.585 = ug/1 OOml)
Iron binding capacity: 45-72 umoi/L (x5.585 = ug/100ml)
Lactate (venous): 1.0-1.8 rnrnoi/L (x8.904 = rng/100ml)
Lactate dehydrogenase (LD): 210-420 IU
Lead: 0.2-1.2 urnoi/L (x20.72 = ug/100rnl)
Lipase: 0-2.66 ukat/l. (x60 = IU/L)
Magnesium: 0.7-1.0 mmoi/L {x2.432 = mg/100ml)
Methaemoglobin: <2% total
Osmolality: 270-295 rnrnol/kg (x1 = mOsm/kg H20)
PC02: 32-45 (x0.1317 = kPa)
pH (>1m): 7.34-7.43
Phosphate (>2y): 1.1-1.8 mmol!l. (x3.098 = mg/100ml)
$9.95 + postage from orders@drugdoses.com Page 117
PO, (>2w): 80-100 mmHg (x0.1317 = kPa)
Potassium (>1y): 3.5-5.0 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Protein (>3y): 57-80 g/L (x0.1 = g/100ml)
Prothrombin time (PT): 9-14 sec, INR 0.8-1.3
Protoporphyrin: 0.3-1.0 umoi/L (x56.2 = ug/100ml)
Pyruvate: <0.1 mmoi/L (xB. 702 = mg/1 OOml)
Renin activity: 1-4 ng/ml/h
Sodium: 135-145 mmoi/L (x1 = mEq/L)
Thyroid bind glob (adult): 12-28mg/L (x0.078=ugT4/100ml)
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (>14d): <5 nmoi/L
Thyroxine free (adult): 9-26 pmoi/L
Thyroxine total (>1y): 70-155 nmoi/L (x0.078 = ug/100ml)
Triglycerides: 0.9-2.0 mmoi/L; TPN <2.8 mmoi/L (<4wk) <4.5
mmoi/L (;;,4wk). (x88 = mg/100ml)
Triiodothyronine (T3) (adult): 1.0-2. 7 nmoi/L
Triiodothyronine (T3) uptake (0-adult): 70-115%
Troponin I (cardiac troponin): 0-0.29 mcg/L
Urea (>4y); 2.1-6.5 mmoi/L (x6.006 = mg/100ml)
Uric acid (<12y): 0.13-0.4 mmoi/L (x16.81 = mg/100ml)
Vitamin D (25-0H-D3): 28-165 nmoi!L
Zinc: 11-22 umoi/L (x6.538 = ug/1 OOml)
NORMAL VALUES: URINE
Adrenaline (1-6y): <0.05 umol/d
Delta ALA: <40 umoi/L (x0.13 = mg/L)
Calcium: <0.12 mmol/kg/d (x40.08 = mg/kg/d)
Calcium/creatine ratio: <0.7 mmol/mmol
Copper: <0.3 umolld (x63.5 = ug/d)
Coproporphyrin: <0.3 umoi/L (x654=ug/Ll
Creatinine clearance: 1.4-2.4 ml/s/1.73m
Dopamine (1-6y): 0.11-1.16 umol/d
Dopamine (1-6y): <1.1 umol/mmol creal
5HIAA: <0.05 mmolld (x0.19=mg/d)
Homovanillic acid (HVA) (1-6y): 3-16 umol/mmol creal
MHMA, VMA or HMMA (1-6y): <12 umol/d
Osmolality: 50-1400 mmol/kg (x1 = mOsm/kg H20)
Oxalate: <0.6 mmol/d (x90 = mg/d)
Phosphate index (<12y): -0.2 to +0.04
Porphobilinogen: <9 umoi/L (x0.23 = mg/L)
Protein: <4 mg/h/m2
Uroporphyrin: <0.05 umoi/L (x830 = ug/L)
NORMAL VALUES: CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
Glucose: >2.5 mrnoi/L (>=60% blood level)
Protein: 0.5--4 (prem), 0.4-1.7 (<1wl<), 0.05-0.4 g/L (>2mo)
Lymphocytes (x 106
/L): <20 (<1wk), <6 (>1wk)
Neutrophils (x 106
): <10 (<1wk), 0 (>1wk)
$9.95 + postage from orders@drugdoses.com Page 118
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DobutaGine c y
Dopamine y y y
Esmolol y ? y
Fentanyl y ? y
FrL:se;-r-ide y y y
Giyceryl trinit;-ate y y y
!nsu!in in albumin
lsoprenaHne y
Ketamine
evcsemendan ? ? ?
Ligrocaine y y
DRUG INFUSION COMPATIBILITY TABLE
Incompatible
"' ro ? Unknown
C Standard concentrations compatible (see bottom row oftable) § -~
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Y Standard concentrations compatible mixed at Y connection near patient
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s Both solutions in 0.9% saline
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Magnesium sulph Y ?
Metilmminol C ? Y
Mldazo1am Y Y
Milr:no:~e C ? Y -?5
y y y ·~
Na~cxone Y ? Y §- y ? ! ~
PhentolaminB Y Y Y ~
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Heparin C y Y Y I I Y c
Y I I Yd Cs C
yly c y y y c c
Yj y
Y) C
cl c cl c
c 'r y 1 Y? Y[Y Y C yl'? C Y
Y i Y Y 1 Y Y Y Y? C ., Y
Dextrose 5% C
Potassium chlor Y
Nutrient
Lipid
20kg child mglml 0.1
c c c c
y c II y ? I y y
I 7 i I Y I
22 6 0.6 6
c c c
c c c
c c y
y y y
y y
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0.2 0.1 10 1.2
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RESUSCITATION
Coma, apnoea, pulselessness: CPR, intubate, ventilate with 100% oxygen, insert IV or 10 or sagittal sinus, display EGG and:
-asystole: adrenaline every 3min, bicarbonate or volume or atropine 20 meg/kg (0.03 ml/kg of 0.6 mg/ml), defib 2-4 joule/kg, pace
- VF or VT: defibrillate·2-4 joule/kg x1-4, adrenaline every 3min, defibrillate, lignocaine 1% 0.1 ml/kg, defibrillate (then try
amiodarone 5mg/kg, magnesium sulphate 50% 0.06 ml/kg, bicarbonate, volume)
-electromechanical dissociation: treat hypovolaemia or pneumothorax or tamponade, adrenaline every 3min, bicarbonate.
AGE (years}
WEIGHT (kilograms)
ADRENALINE IV/IO 1,10,000 0.1ml/kg
via ETT 1,1000 O.lml/kg
SODIUM BICARBONATE 8.4%
l-2ml/kg stat
SODIUM BICARBONATE 8.4%
lml/kg/10 min arrest time
BIRTH 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 yr
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 kg
I I I 1 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 ml
I I I i i I I I I I 6 10 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 ml ' I
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 ml
I I I I I I I I
LIGKOCAIN3 1% O.lml/kg
(1mg/kg), then 20-40ug/kg/min
VOLUME EXPANSION. Initially
lOml/kg, repeat x2-3 if required
ENDOTRP.CHEAL TUBE
Internal diameter (mm)
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE (ORAL)
~ength at lip {em)
ENDOT~~CHEAL TUBE (NASAL)
Length at nose (em)
CARDIOVERSION. Atrial arrhythmia
1 joule/kg
CARDIOVERSION. Ventricular
arrhythmias 2-4 joule/kg
0.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 ml
I I I l I
I
so 100 I 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 m1
! I I ! I I _l I _I
i I
3.o 3.s 4.o s.o s.5 6.o 6.s 1.o 1 mm
8.5 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 em
I ! I I I I I I
I 10.5 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 em
! I I I I I I
I 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 jl
I I
! I 9 30 45 60 75 90 115 120 jl
I
PHARMACOKINETICS
IV BOLUS, 1 COMPARTMENT, 1ST ORDER
Loading Vd x Cp MDxtY..
dose (mg/kg) ------------- --------------- F Dl X 0.693
Maintenance LD x Dl Css x Vd x Dl
dose (mg/kg) --------------- -------------------- t)l, X 1.44 t% xFx1.44
Steady state F x MD tY., x F x MD
cone. (ug/ml) ------··---------------
Cl x Dl 0.693 X Vd X Dl
Vol. distri- D D xtY..
bution (Likg) --------·----------- Co 0.693 x AUC
Clearance Vd D D X 0.693
(Likg/hr)
1.44 X t)l, AUC t)l, X Co
Elimination
constant (Kel) 0.693 I tY..
Concentration
at timeT hr Co I eA(T x Kel)
Kel [ln(high)- ln(low)] I interval in hr
AUG=
Cl
area under curve (hr.ug/ml)
Co = Cp =
Css =
D
Dl
e
F
Kel
LD
MD
tY..
Vd
clearance (Likg/hr) (x 16.67 = ml/kg/min)
concentration at time zero (ug/ml, mg/L)
plasma/serum concentration (ug/ml, mg/L)
steady state concentration (ug/ml, mg/L)
dose (mg/kg)
dose interval (hours)
2.71828
fraction of drug absorbed
elimination constant
loading dose (mg/kg)
maintenance dose (mg/kg)
half life (hours)
volume of distribution (L/kg)
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