ii. Lack of resources related to marketing and distribution capabilities: Developer of

technology may have all other capacity related to manufacturing, regulatory,

quality control but lack behind on the part of marketing and distribution. Then

developer may feel the need of associating with other organisation for using the

proper channel of marketing and distribution.

iii. Lack of resources for commercial launch of product: Developer of technology may

have capabilities for supporting the technology at early stages only but not for

later stages which involve huge capital investment.

iv. Lack of resources for conducting clinical trials: As clinical trials are the most important

and essential part of the drug approval process. It is very important to conduct a

clinical trial and get approval from the regulatory authority before launching a

new drug in the market. The developer may lack resources (related to finances,

facilities, premises, skilled staff, etc) to conduct clinical trials.

v. Lack of resources for the exploitation of technology: There may be cases like (a) each

partner among the developer and receiver have half of the technology and

association in between them can make them capable in reaching a fruitful result.

(b) Each partner has half of the solution, e.g. developer of technology only have

knowledge about diagnostics application of technology whereas other party has

knowledge about the technology’s therapeutic use.

Technology Development and Transfer 55

4.4.2 Types of Technology Transfer

There are three sectors involved in the development of technology in the pharmaceutical

field. These are:

i. Government labs (funded by the government)

ii. Private sector (manage their R&D sector on their own)