نتعالوا نتكلم عن ال hematuria طبعا ده بنشوف RBCs تحت الميكروسكوب
Haematuria of adult is either glomerular or extraglomerular
1_ glomerular causes of hematuria include
_ post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
_ IgA nephropathy
_mesangioproliferative glumeronephritis
_ Alport,s syndrome (hereditary nephritis)
2_ extraglomerular causes of hematuria:
_ renal stones
_ renal tumers, cyst, or renal infractions
_ bladder and prostate tumors
_ acute urinary tract infections
_ chronic infection such as tuberculosis and schistomasis
3_ Benign conditions as
_ Hard sexual intercourse
_ Exercise
_ Truma to urinary tract
_ Drugs as rifambicine
4_ Others as
Anticoagulant therapy
Coagulation disorders as hemophilia
Malignant hypertension
Obstructive jundice.
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Investigations of acase of hematuria :
A_ Urine analysis ➡ look for cast, Proteins, shistosoma ova,...
B_ Urine culture ➡ detect infections
C_ Renal function tests ➡ urea, creatinin
D_ Ultrasound CT urography ➡ detect stones, malignancy,... etc
E_ Urine cytosole➡ may be required to look for urethral malignancy
F_ Cytoscope ➡ may be considered if high suspicious of bladder cancer
G_ history of disease as hemophilia or drugs as anticoagulant should done.
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الكلام ده ممكن نشوفه تحت الميكروسكوب او ب
Chemical tests by urine strip :
Chemical tests are positive in hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, and myoglobinuria.
بنحط ال
Urine strip in urine ➡ gives positive for blood, it means that there are either hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, or myoglobinuria.
طبعا ال
myoglobinuria and Hemoglobinuria
مافيهاش كرات دم حمراء تحت الميكروسكوب
بعكس ال hematuria بيبقي فيها فيها
RBCs under microscope
طب نفرق بين ال
myoglobinuria and Hemoglobinuria
In myoglobunuria ➡ there are elevation in creatin kinase (CK)
In hemoglobinuria ➡ there is decrease in haptoglobin
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