Women Follicular phase 0.75–2.16 ng/mL
Luteinic phase 0.94–2.33 ng/mL
On oral contraceptive pills 0.34–0.92
Measurement of serum progesterone have also been
used to check the effectiveness of ovulation induction, to
monitor progesterone replacement therapy and to detect
and evaluate patients at risk for abortion during the early
weeks of pregnancy, progesterone levels are increased
in luteal phase of menstrual cycle, luteal cysts of ovary,
ovarian tumors (e.g. arrhenoblastoma) and adrenal
tumors. While decreased levels of progesterone are seen in
conditions of amenorrhea, threatened abortion and fetal
death, toxemia of pregnancy and gonadal agenesis.
Adrenal hyperplasia (congenital males), corpus luteum
cyst, lipid ovarian tumors, molar pregnancy, ovarian
chorionepithelioma, ovarian neoplasms, placental tissue
(retained postparturition), precocious puberty and theca
lutein cysts. Drugs include adrenocortical hormones,
Adrenogenital syndrome, amenorrhea, anovular
menstruation, fetal abnormality or death, luteal
deficiency, menstrual abnormalities, ovarian failure,
panhypopituitarism, placental failure or insufficiency,
preeclampsia, Stein-Levinthal syndrome, threatened
abortion, toxemia of pregnancy, Turner’s syndrome,
and primary/secondary hypogonadism. Drugs include
ampicillin and ethinyl estradiol.
The serum or plasma 17αOH progesterone values are
comprised in the following intervals:
Women Follicular phase 0.2–1.2 ng/mL
infertility. Circulating 17 alpha hydroxy progesterone
normally exhibits a diurnal variation similar to that of cortisol,
with higher values in the morning. Serum measurement
has been used in the differential diagnosis of hirsutism and
infertility where 21 hydrolase deficiency is suspected. Since
late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia can sometimes
mimic the polycystic ovary syndrome, untreated congenital
adrenal hyperplasia in newborn is usually associated with
markedly elevated 17 alpha hydroxy progesterone levels
ranging from 10 to 400 times the upper limit of the normal.
Expected Values for the T3 EIA Test System
Expected Ranges (±2 SD) 69–202
Interpretation of Total T3 in ng/mL
its metabolism to T3 and complicate the interpretation of
Circulating autoantibodies to T3 and hormone-binding
Heparin has been reported to have in vivo and in vitro
effects on free T3 concentration. Therefore, do not obtain
samples in which this anticoagulant has been used.
In severe nonthyroidal illness (NTI), the assessment of
thyroid status becomes very difficult. TSH measurements
are recommended to identify thyroid dysfunction.
Familial dysalbuminemic conditions may yield
erroneous results on direct free T3 assays.
“Not Intended for Newborn Screening.”
Expected Values for the Free T3 EIA Test System (in pg/mL)
The T-uptake test is dependent upon a multiplicity of
factors: thyroid gland and its regulation, thyroxine binding
globulin (TBG) concentration, and the binding of the
thyroid hormones to TBG. Thus, the T-uptake test alone is
not sufficient to assess clinical status.
The free thyroxine index (FTI), which is the product of
the T-uptake ratio and the total thyroxine concentration,
has gained wide clinical acceptance as a more accurate
assessment of thyroid status. The FTI value compensates
for any condition or drug, such as pregnancy or estrogens,
which alters the TBG and the T4 levels but does not change
the thyrometabolic status. A table of interfering drugs
and conditions which affect the T-uptake test has been
compiled by the Journal of the American Association of
Expected Values for the T-uptake EIA Test System
greater than 35 greater than 1.17
784 Concise Book of Medical Laboratory Technology: Methods and Interpretations Total Thyroxine (T4)
Total serum thyroxine concentration is dependent upon
a multiplicity of factors: thyroid gland function and its
regulation, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration,
and the binding of thyroxine to TBG. Thus, total thyroxine
concentration alone is not sufficient to assess clinical status.
Total serum thyroxine values may be elevated under
conditions, such as pregnancy or administration of
oral contraceptives. A T3 uptake test may be performed
to estimate the relative TBG concentration in order to
determine if the elevated T4 is caused by TBG variation.
testosterone, diphenylhydantoin or salicylates.
“Not intended for newborn screening.”
Expected Values for the T4 EIA Test System (in µg/dL)
Expected Ranges (±2 SD) 4.4–10.8 4.8–11.6
*Normal patients with high TBG levels were not excluded except if
Total serum thyroxine concentration is dependent upon
a multiplicity of factors: thyroid gland function and its
regulation, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration,
and the binding of thyroxine to TBG. Thus, total thyroxine
concentration alone is not sufficient to assess clinical
Total serum thyroxine values may be elevated under
conditions such as pregnancy or administration of oral
contraceptives. A T3 uptake test may be performed to
estimate the relative TBG concentration in order to
determine if the elevated T4 is caused by TBG variation.
A decrease in total thyroxine values is found with
protein-wasting diseases, certain liver diseases and
administration of testosterone, diphenylhydantoin or
“Not intended for newborn screening.”
Expected values for the free T4 EIA test system (in ng/dL)
Expected Ranges (±2S. D.) 0.8-2.0 0.8-2.2
Serum thyrotropin concentration is dependent upon a
multiplicity of factors: hypothalamus gland function,
thyroid gland function, and the responsiveness of pituitary
to TRH. Thus, thyrotropin concentration alone is not
sufficient to assess clinical status.
phenobarbital, and phenytoin have been reported to
A decrease in thyrotropin values has been reported
with the administration of propranolol, methimazol,
Genetic variations or degradation of intact TSH into
subunits may affect the binding characteristics of the
antibodies and influence the final result. Such samples
normally exhibit different results among various assay
systems due to the reactivity of the antibodies involved.
“Not intended for newborn screening.”
Expected values for the TSH IEMA test system
Adults/infants/children 0.3–6.2
Adults > age 80 years Up to 10.0
Example of Chemiluminescence Immunoassay
Method—TSH Estimation Thyroglobulin Antibodies
The presence of autoantibodies to Tg is confirmed
when the serum level exceeds 125 lU/mL. The clinical
significance of the result, coupled with antithyroid
peroxidase activity, should be used in evaluating the
thyroid condition. However, clinical inferences should not
be solely based on this test but rather as an adjunct to the
No comments:
Post a Comment
اكتب تعليق حول الموضوع