Section Editors: R. Rebecca Couris and Susan L. Mayhew

Basics of Nutrition and Patient Assessment

Jeff F. Binkley

Obesity

Dhiren K. Patel and Kaelen C. Dunican

Adult Enteral Nutrition

CarolJ. Rollins and Jennifer H. Baggs

Adult Parenteral Nutrition

Susan L. Mayhew and Richard S. Nicholas

SECTION 8: DERMATOLOGIC DISORDERS

Section Editor: Timothy J. Ives

Dermatotherapy and Drug-Induced Skin Disorders

Richard N. Herrier and Daniel R. Malcom

Acne

Jamie J. Cavanaugh and Kelly A. Mullican

Psoriasis

Jill A. Morgan, Rachel C. Long, and Timothy J. Ives

Photosensitivity, Photoaging, and Burn Injuries

Katherine G. Moore, Molly E. Howard, and Timothy J. Ives

SECTION 9: RHEUMATIC AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES

Section Editor: Kamala M. Nola

Osteoarthritis

Dominick P. Trombetta and Christopher M. Herndon

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Steven W. Chen, Rory E. Kim, and Candace Tan

Gout and Hyperuricemia

Kimberly Ference and KarenBeth H. Bohan

Connective Tissue Disorders

Julie L. Olenak and Jonathan D. Ference

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

SECTION 10: WOMEN'S HEALTH

Section Editor: Trisha LaPointe

Contraception

Shareen Y. El-Ibiary

Infertility

Erin C. Raney

Obstetric Drug Therapy

Trisha LaPointe

Disorders Related to the Menstrual Cycle

Laura M. Borgelt and Karen M. Gunning

The Transition Through Menopause

Louise Parent-Stevens and Trisha LaPointe

SECTION 11: ENDOCRINE DISORDERS

Section Editor: Jennifer D. Goldman

Thyroid Disorders

Eric F. Schneider and Betty J. Dong

Diabetes Mellitus

Jennifer D. Goldman, Dhiren K. Patel, and David Schnee

SECTION 12: EYE DISORDERS

Section Editor: Susan Jacobson

Eye Disorders

Steven R. Abel and Suellyn J. Sorensen

p. xxiii

p. xxiv

SECTION 13: NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS

Section Editors: Michele Matthews and Timothy E. Welty

Pain and Its Management

Lee A. Kral and Virginia L. Ghafoor

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

Care of the Critically Ill Adult

Matthew Hafermann, Philip Grgurich, and John Marshall

Multiple Sclerosis

Melody Ryan

Headache

Steven J. Crosby

Parkinson’s Disease and Other Movement Disorders

Kristin M. Zimmerman and Natalie Whitmire

Seizure Disorders

James W. McAuley and Brian K. Alldredge

Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke

Oussayma Moukhachen and Philip Grgurich

SECTION 14: INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Section Editors: Dorothea C. Rudorf, G. Christopher Wood, and Caroline S. Zeind

Principles of Infectious Diseases

B. Joseph Guglielmo

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Surgical Procedures

DanielJ. G. Thirion

Vaccinations

Molly G. Minze and Katherine Dillinger Ellis

Central Nervous System Infections

Gregory A. Eschenauer, Deanna Buehrle, and Brian A. Potoski

Endocarditis

Michelle L. Chan and Annie Wong-Beringer

Respiratory Tract Infections

Jason Cross, Evan Horton, and Dinesh Yogaratnam

Tuberculosis

Michael B. Kays

Infectious Diarrhea

Gail S. Itokazu and David T. Bearden

Intra-Abdominal Infections

Sheila K. Wang and Carrie A. Sincak

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

Urinary Tract Infections

Douglas N. Fish

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Jeffery A. Goad, Karl M. Hess, and Albert T. Bach

Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis

Jacqueline L. Olin, Linda M. Spooner, and Karyn M. Sullivan

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Cheryl R. Durand and Kristine C. Willett

Prevention and Treatment of Infections in Neutropenic Cancer Patients

Richard H. Drew

Pharmacotherapy of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Jessica L. Adams and Mackenzie L. Cottrell

Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Patients

Emily L. Heil and Amanda H. Corbett

Fungal Infections

John D. Cleary and Russell E. Lewis

Viral Infections

Milap C. Nahata, Neeta Bahal O’Mara, and Sandra Benavides

Viral Hepatitis

Jerika T. Lam and Curtis D. Holt

Parasitic Infections

Sheila Seed, Larry Goodyer, and Caroline S. Zeind

Tick-Borne Diseases

Caroline S. Zeind, Michelle L. Ceresia, and Lin H. Chen

SECTION 15: PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Section Editors: Michael C. Angelini and Michael G. Carvalho

Anxiety Disorders

Jolene R. Bostwick and Kristen N. Gardner

Sleep Disorders

Devon A. Sherwood and Anna K. Morin

Schizophrenia

Richard J. Silvia, Robert L. Dufresne, and Justin C. Ellison

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

Depressive Disorders

Michael C. Angelini

Bipolar Disorders

Megan J. Ehret and Charles F. Caley

Developmental Disorders

Lee A. Robinson and Kimberly Lenz

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

Michael C. Angelini and Joel Goldstein

Substance Use Disorders

Michael C. Angelini

Tobacco Use and Dependence

Andrea S. Franks and Sarah E. McBane

p. xxiv

p. xxv

SECTION 16: HEMATOLOGY AND ONCOLOGY

Section Editor: Christy S. Harris

Anemias

Cindy L. O’Bryant, Ashley E. Glode, and Lisa A. Thompson

Neoplastic Disorders and Their Treatment: General Principles

Jaime E. Anderson, Andrea S. Dickens, and Katherine Tipton Patel

Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy and Targeted Agents

Amy Hatfield Seung and Emily Mackler

Pediatric Malignancies

David W. Henry and Nicole A. Kaiser

Adult Hematologic Malignancies

Lynn Weber, Jacob K. Kettle, Andy Kurtzweil, Casey B. Williams, Rachel Elsey, and Katie A. Won

Breast Cancer

Kellie Jones Weddle

Lung Cancer

Sara K. Butler

Colorectal Cancer

Marlo Blazer

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

Prostate Cancer

Marina D. Kaymakcalan and Christy S. Harris

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Valerie Relias

SECTION 17: PEDIATRICS

Section Editor: Marcia L. Buck

Pediatric Pharmacotherapy

Marcia L. Buck

Pediatric Fluid, Electrolytes, and Nutrition

Michael F. Chicella and Jennifer W. Chow

Common Pediatric Illnesses

Chephra McKee, Brooke Gildon, and Bethany Ibach

Neonatal Therapy

Donna M. Kraus, Jennifer T. Pham, and Kirsten H. Ohler

Care of the Critically Ill Child

Elizabeth Anne Farrington and Marcia L. Buck

SECTION 18: GERIATRIC THERAPY

Section Editor: Judith L. Beizer

Geriatric Drug Use

Suzanne Dinsmore, Mary-Kathleen Grams, and Kristin Zimmerman

Geriatric Neurocognitive Disorders

Nicole J. Brandt and Bradley R. Williams

Geriatric Urologic Disorders

Tran H. Tran

Osteoporosis

R. Rebecca Couris, Suzanne Dinsmore, and Mary-Kathleen Grams

Drug Index

Subject Index

p. xxv

1

2

3

SECTION 1: General Principles

Section Editors: William W. McCloskey and Maria D. Kostka-Rokosz

Medication Therapy Management and Assessment of Therapy

Matthew R. Machado, Amee D. Mistry, and Joseph W. Ferullo

Sources of Patient Information

Effective Communication and the Patient Interview

Obtaining a Patient History

Approach to and Assessment of Patient Therapy

Medication Therapy Management Services in the Community Pharmacy or Ambulatory Setting

Medication Therapy Management in the Acute Care Setting

Medication Therapy Management and Pharmacogenomics

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

Key References and Websites

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Tests

Erika Felix-Getzik, Yulia A. Murray, and Stefanie C. Nigro

General Principles

Fluids and Electrolytes

Multichemistry Panels

Proteins

Cardiac Markers

Liver Function Tests

Miscellaneous Tests

Hematology

Urinalysis

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Patient-Directed Monitoring and Testing

Key References and Websites

Drug Interactions

Michelle L. Ceresia, Caroline S. Zeind, John Fanikos, and Michael G. Carvalho

4

5

6

7

Definition

Risk Factors for Drug Interactions

Mechanisms of Drug Interactions

Management of Drug Interactions

Resources and Evidence for Clinical Decision Support

Conclusion

Key References and Websites

Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine

Shannon F. Manzi, Laura Chadwick, and Jonathan D. Picker

Pharmacokinetic Implications

Pharmacodynamic Implications

Toxicity Implications

Drug Target Implications

Nonmetabolism Implications

The Peculiarities of Cyp2d6

Developmental Impact and Pharmacogenomics

Family Implications of Pharmacogenetics

Making the Case for Pharmacogenetics

Conclusion

Key References and Websites

Managing Drug Overdoses and Poisonings

Iris Sheinhait and Sara Zhou

General Management

Assessment of Salicylate Ingestion

Assessment of Iron Ingestion

Assessment of Central Nervous System Depressant Versus Antidepressant Ingestion

Assessment of Acetaminophen Ingestion

Conclusion

Key References and Websites

End-of-Life Care

Victoria F. Ferraresi

Hospice and Palliative Care

Symptom Management

Key References and Websites

Interprofessional Education and Practice

William W. McCloskey, Edith Claros, Carol Eliadi, and Beth Buyea

Core IPE Competencies

IPE Terminology

8

9

10

11

Incorporating IPE in the Curriculum

IPE Models

Potential Barriers to IPE

Future of IPE

Conclusion

Key References and Websites

SECTION 2: Cardiac and Vascular Disorders

Section Editors: Jean M. Nappi and Judy W. Cheng

Dyslipidemias, Atherosclerosis, and Coronary Heart Disease

Barbara S. Wiggins and Pamela B. Morris

Lipid Metabolism

Abnormalities in Lipid Metabolism

Lipoproteins and ASCVD Risk

p. xxvi

p. xxvii

Clinical Evaluation and Management of ASCVD Risk

Pharmacologic Therapy

Key References

Essential Hypertension

Judy W. Cheng

Introduction

Clinical Evaluation

Principles of Treatment

Hypertension Management

Clinical Scenarios

Key References and Websites

Peripheral Vascular Disorders

Snehal H. Bhatt and Mary G. Amato

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Raynaud Phenomenon

Nocturnal Leg Muscle Cramps

Key References and Websites

Thrombosis

Nancy L. Shapiro and Erika L. Hellenbart

12

13

14

15

General Principles

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Pulmonary Embolism

Prevention of Cardiogenic Thromboembolism

Bridge Therapy

Drug Interactions

Key References and Websites

Chronic Stable Angina

Angela M. Thompson and Toby C. Trujillo

Chronic Stable Angina

Overview of Drug and Nondrug Therapy

Clinical Presentation of Chronic Stable Angina

Revascularization

Variant Angina (Coronary Artery Spasm)

Cardiac Syndrome X

Key References and Websites

Acute Coronary Syndrome

Brianne L. Dunn and Robert L. Page, II

Acute Coronary Disease

Overview of Drug and Nondrug Therapy

Clinical Presentation of ACS

Treatment for ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Treatment for Unstable Angina or Non–ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Long-Term Therapy

Lifestyle Modifications

Summary

Key References and Websites

Heart Failure

Harleen Singh and Joel C. Marrs

Patient Evaluation

Treatment

Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Key References and Websites

Cardiac Arrhythmias

C. Michael White, Jessica C. Song, and James S. Kalus

Electrophysiology

Supraventricular Arrhythmias

Conduction Blocks

16

17

18

Ventricular Arrhythmias

Cardiopulmonary Arrest

Key References and Websites

Hypertensive Crises

Kristin Watson, Brian Watson, and Sandeep Devabhakthuni

Clinical Presentation of Hypertensive Urgency

Clinical Presentation of Hypertensive Emergency

Overview of Treatment

Hypertensive Urgencies

Hypertensive Emergencies

Key References and Websites

Shock

Jason S. Haney

Introduction

Causes

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis

Treatment Overview

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Etiologic Classification of Shock and Common Mechanisms

Hypovolemic Shock

Cardiogenic Shock

Septic Shock

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Key References and Websites

SECTION 3: PULMONARY DISORDERS

Section Editors: Timothy R. Hudd and Kathy Zaiken

Asthma

Timothy H. Self, Cary R. Chrisman, and Christopher K. Finch

Asthma

Acute Asthma

Chronic Asthma

Exercise-Induced Asthma

Patient Education

Nocturnal Asthma

Drug-Induced Asthma

Outcomes

19

20

21

Complementary Alternative Therapies

Key References and Websites

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Timothy R. Hudd and Kathy Zaiken

Diagnosis and Patient Assessment

General Management Considerations

Pharmacotherapy

Pharmacologic Therapy by Disease Severity

COPD Exacerbation

COPD Group A (Low Risk; Less Symptoms)

COPD Group B (Low Risk; More Symptoms) With Disease Progression

COPD Group C (High Risk; Less Symptoms)

Key References and Websites

Acute and Chronic Rhinitis

Suzanne G. Bollmeier and Dennis M. Williams

Definition

Causes and Classifications

Epidemiology and Impact

Anatomy and Physiology

Etiology of Allergic Rhinitis

p. xxvii

p. xxviii

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation and Assessment of Rhinitis

Overview of Treatment

Specific Therapeutic Options

Drug-Induced Nasal Congestion: Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Idiopathic Rhinitis

Mixed Allergic–Nonallergic Rhinitis

Summary

Key References and Websites

Cystic Fibrosis

Paul M. Beringer and Michelle Condren

Genetic Basis

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnosis

Early Interventions and Therapy

Lung Transplantation

22

23

24

25

Key References and Websites

SECTION 4: Gastrointestinal Disorders

Section Editor: Carrie A. Sincak

Nausea and Vomiting

Lisa M. DiGrazia and Joseph Todd Carter

Definition

Epidemiology and Clinical Presentation

Pathophysiology

Diagnosis

Motion Sickness

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Radiation-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Key References and Websites

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Elaine J. Law and Jeffrey J. Fong

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Physiology of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Pharmacotherapy of Drugs Used to Treat Acid-Related Disorders

Dyspepsia

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Helicobacter Pylori–Related Peptic Ulcer

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug–Induced Peptic Ulcer

Zollinger–Ellison Syndrome

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Key References and Websites

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Toyin Tofade, Benjamin Laliberte, and Charmaine Rochester-Eyeguokan

Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn’s Disease

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Key References and Websites

Complications of End-Stage Liver Disease

Yasar O. Tasnif and Mary F. Hebert

26

27

28

Overview

Pathogenesis of Cirrhosis

Complications of Cirrhosis

Ascites

Esophageal Varices

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Hepatorenal Syndrome

Key References and Websites

SECTION 5: Renal Disorders

Section Editor: Myrna Y. Munar

Acid–Base Disorders

Luis S. Gonzalez, III

Acid–Base Physiology

Evaluation of Acid–Base Disorders

Metabolic Acidosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Respiratory Acidosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

Mixed Acid–Base Disorders

Key References and Websites

Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders

Alan H. Lau and Priscilla P. How

Basic Principles

Disorders in Volume Regulation

Disorders in Osmoregulation

Clinical Use of Diuretics

Potassium

Calcium

Phosphorus

Magnesium

Key References and Websites

Chronic Kidney Disease

Darius L. Mason

Introduction

End-Stage Renal Disease (Chronic Kidney Disease 5D)

Diabetic Nephropathy

Fluid and Electrolyte Complications

29

30

31

Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease

Cardiovascular Complications

Mineral and Bone Disorders

Other Complications of CKD

Glomerular Disease

Key References and Websites

Acute Kidney Injury

Susan A. Krikorian and Oussayma Moukhachen

Definition

Epidemiology

Prognosis

Clinical Course

Pathogenesis

Clinical Evaluation

Prerenal and Functional Acute Kidney Injury

Intrinsic Acute Kidney Injury

Tubulointerstitial Diseases

Postrenal Acute Kidney Injury

Supportive Management of Acute Kidney Injury

Key References and Websites

Renal Dialysis

Myrna Y. Munar

Hemodialysis

Peritoneal Dialysis

Key References and Websites

p. xxviii

p. xxix

Dosing of Drugs in Renal Failure

David J. Quan

Basic Principles

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Specific Drugs in Renal Failure

Effect of Renal Failure on Metabolized Drugs

Assessing Renal Function in the Elderly

Summary

Key References and Websites

SECTION 6: Immunologic Disorders

32

33

34

Section Editor: Steven Gabardi

Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions

Greene Shepherd and Justinne Guyton

Definition

Pathogenesis

Predisposing Factors

Diagnosis

Generalized Reactions

Organ-Specific Reactions

Pseudoallergic Reactions

Prevention and Management of Allergic Reactions

Key References and Websites

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Jerika T. Lam, Ann M. Lynch, and Mary A. Gutierrez

General Principles

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Classification Criteria

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Pharmacologic and Non-Pharmacologic Treatments

Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus

Investigational Agents

Treatment Approaches

Role for Pharmacists

Key References and Websites

Kidney and Liver Transplantation

David J. Taber and Robert E. Dupuis

Introduction to Transplantation

Transplantation Immunology

Immunosuppressive Agents

Maintenance

Induction

Kidney Transplantation

Liver Transplantation

Key References and Websites

SECTION 7: Nutrition Issues

35

36

37

38

Section Editors: R. Rebecca Couris and Susan L. Mayhew

Basics of Nutrition and Patient Assessment

Jeff F. Binkley

Nutrition Basics

Malnutrition

Nutrition Screening

Patient Assessment: Woman with Crohn’s Disease

Key References and Websites

Obesity

Dhiren K. Patel and Kaelen C. Dunican

Definitions

Epidemiology

Etiology and Pathophysiology

Clinical Features

Management and Treatment

Key References and Websites

Adult Enteral Nutrition

CarolJ. Rollins and Jennifer H. Baggs

Patient Selection and Route of Feeding

Feeding Tube Placement and Site of Formula Delivery

Formula Selection

Initiation of Feedings

Transition from Continuous to Intermittent/Bolus Feeding

Fluid Provision

Nutrition in Critical Illness

Immune-Modulating Formulas

Pulmonary Disease

Renal Failure

Monitoring Enteral Nutrition Support

Medications and Enteral Nutrition by Tube

Key References and Websites

Adult Parenteral Nutrition

Susan L. Mayhew and Richard S. Nicholas

Venous Access Sites

Components of Parenteral Nutrient Formulations

Parenteral Nutrition

Key References and Websites

39

40

41

42

SECTION 8: Dermatologic Disorders

Section Editor: Timothy J. Ives

Dermatotherapy and Drug-Induced Skin Disorders

Richard N. Herrier and Daniel R. Malcom

Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin

Inflammatory Lesions

Dermatologic Drug Delivery Systems

Assessing the Dermatologic Patient

Xerosis

Topical Corticosteroids

Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Poison IVY, Poison Oak, or Poison Sumac

Drug Eruptions

Key References and Websites

Acne

Jamie J. Cavanaugh and Kelly A. Mullican

Definition and Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Overview of Therapy

Comedonal Acne Case

Maculopapular Acne

Nodular Acne Case

Key References and Websites

Psoriasis

Jill A. Morgan, Rachel C. Long, and Timothy J. Ives

Epidemiology

p. xxix

p. xxx

Treatment of Mild Psoriasis

Treatment of Severe Psoriasis

Systemic Pharmacotherapy

Psoriatic Arthritis

Key References and Websites

Photosensitivity, Photoaging, and Burn Injuries

43

44

45

46

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