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The Capt. Marshall W. Wood Research Laboratory,
Veterans Administration M edical Center, Boise, ldaho 83702, USA
Divisions ofClinical Pha rmacology, Gerontology and Geriatrie Medicine,
University ofWa shin gton School ofM edicine, Seattle, Wa shin gton 98195. USA
During the last decade geriatr ic clin ical pharmacology has become the focus of
considerable research effort. Th is is due , in part, to the realization that in most
developed countries the elderl y constitute 10% or more ofthe population, but spend
25 to 30% of total expenditures for drugs and drug products (Crooks, O'Malley &
Stevenson, 1976; Vesta l, 1978). These figures are likely to increase during the next
several decades. In add ition , the rate of adverse drug reactions is 2 to 3-fold higher in
elderl y pati ents than in young patients (Seidl, Thornton, Smith & Clough, 1966;
Hurwitz, 1969; Caranasos, Stewart & Cluff, 1974). Factors which may alter drug
disposition in the elderly have been exten sively reviewed (Crooks et al., 1976; Riche y
& Bender, 1977; Vestal , 1978; Q'Malley, Judge & Crooks, 1980), and will be discussed
only briefly in this paper. However, some ofthe important methodological problems
which confront clinical pharmacologists who conduct gerontological research will be
presented along with several pertinent examples from the literature.
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