They do not benefit from anti-infective treatment.
The management of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis is
a soft diet, adequate fluid intake, and analgesics as required,
including local use of benzydamine hydrochloride p. 1215.
The use of chlorhexidine mouthwash p. 1211 will control
plaque accumulation if toothbrushing is painful and will also
help to control secondary infection in general.
In the case of severe herpetic stomatitis, a systemic
antiviral such as aciclovir p. 633 is required. Valaciclovir
p. 636 and famciclovir p. 635 are suitable alternatives for oral
lesions associated with herpes zoster. Aciclovir and
valaciclovir are also used for the prevention of frequently
recurring herpes simplex lesions of the mouth, particularly
when implicated in the initiation of erythema multiforme.
BNF 78 Oropharyngeal viral infections 1219
1 Dry and scaling skin disorders page 1221
2.1 Bacterial skin infections 1230
2.2 Fungal skin infections 1232
2.3 Parasitic skin infections 1236
2.4 Viral skin infections 1238
3 Inflammatory skin conditions 1238
7 Scalp and hair conditions 1274
8 Skin cleansers, antiseptics and desloughing
8.1 Minor cuts and abrasions 1279
10 Sun protection and photodamage 1280
11 Superficial soft-tissue injuries and superficial
The British Association of Dermatologists list of preferred
unlicensed dermatological preparations (specials) is
available at www.bad.org.uk/specials.
Both vehicle and active ingredients are important in the
treatment of skin conditions; the vehicle alone may have
more than a mere placebo effect. The vehicle affects the
degree of hydration of the skin, has a mild anti-inflammatory
effect, and aids the penetration of active drug.
Applications are usually viscous solutions, emulsions, or
suspensions for application to the skin (including the scalp)
Collodions are painted on the skin and allowed to dry to
leave a flexible film over the site of application.
Creams are emulsions of oil and water and are generally
well absorbed into the skin. They may contain an
antimicrobial preservative unless the active ingredient or
basis is intrinsically bactericidal and fungicidal. Generally,
creams are cosmetically more acceptable than ointments
because they are less greasy and easier to apply.
Gels consist of active ingredients in suitable hydrophilic or
hydrophobic bases; they generally have a high water
content. Gels are particularly suitable for application to the
Lotions have a cooling effect and may be preferred to
ointments or creams for application over a hairy area.
Lotions in alcoholic basis can sting if used on broken skin.
Shake lotions (such as calamine lotion) contain insoluble
powders which leave a deposit on the skin surface.
Ointments are greasy preparations which are normally
anhydrous and insoluble in water, and are more occlusive
than creams. They are particularly suitable for chronic, dry
lesions. The most commonly used ointment bases consist of
soft paraffin or a combination of soft, liquid, and hard
paraffin. Some ointment bases have both hydrophilic and
lipophilic properties; they may have occlusive properties on
the skin surface, encourage hydration, and also be miscible
with water; they often have a mild anti-inflammatory effect.
Water-soluble ointments contain macrogols which are freely
soluble in water and are therefore readily washed off; they
have a limited but useful role where ready removal is
Pastes are stiff preparations containing a high proportion of
finely powdered solids such as zinc oxide and starch
suspended in an ointment. They are used for circumscribed
lesions such as those which occur in lichen simplex, chronic
eczema, or psoriasis. They are less occlusive than ointments
and can be used to protect inflamed, lichenified, or
Dusting powders are used only rarely. They reduce
friction between opposing skin surfaces. Dusting powders
should not be applied to moist areas because they can cake
and abrade the skin. Talc is a lubricant but it does not absorb
moisture; it can cause respiratory irritation. Starch is less
The BP directs that creams and ointments should not
normally be diluted but that should dilution be necessary
care should be taken, in particular, to prevent microbial
contamination. The appropriate diluent should be used and
heating should be avoided during mixing; excessive dilution
may affect the stability of some creams. Diluted creams
should normally be used within 2 weeks of preparation.
Suitable quantities for prescribing
Suitable quantities of dermatological
preparations to be prescribed for specific areas
Area of body Creams and Ointments Lotions
Both arms or both legs 100–200 g 200 ml
Groins and genitalia 15–25 g 100 ml
These amounts are usually suitable for an adult for twice daily
application for 1 week. The recommendations do not apply to
corticosteroid preparations. For suitable quantities of
corticosteroid preparations, see relevant table.
Excipients in topical products rarely cause problems. If a
patch test indicates allergy to an excipient, products
containing the substance should be avoided. The following
excipients in topical preparations are associated, rarely, with
sensitisation; the presence of these excipients is indicated in
the entries for topical products.
. Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and stearyl alcohol)
. N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride (quaternium 15)
. Wool fat and related substances including lanolin (purified
versions of wool fat have reduced the problem)
Emollient and barrier preparations
The preparations marked ‘ACBS’ are regarded as drugs when
prescribed in accordance with the advice of the Advisory
Committee on Borderline Substances for the clinical
conditions listed. Prescriptions issued in accordance with
this advice and endorsed ‘ACBS’ will normally not be
Emollients soothe, smooth and hydrate the skin and are
indicated for all dry or scaling disorders. Their effects are
short lived and they should be applied frequently even after
improvement occurs. They are useful in dry and eczematous
disorders, and to a lesser extent in psoriasis. The choice of an
appropriate emollient will depend on the severity of the
condition, patient preference, and the site of application.
Some ingredients rarely cause sensitisation and this should
be suspected if an eczematous reaction occurs. The use of
aqueous cream as a leave-on emollient may increase the risk
of skin reactions, particularly in eczema.
Preparations such as aqueous cream and emulsifying
ointment can be used as soap substitutes for hand washing
and in the bath; the preparation is rubbed on the skin before
rinsing off completely. The addition of a bath oil may also be
Urea is occasionally used with other topical agents such as
corticosteroids to enhance penetration of the skin.
Emollient bath and shower preparations
Emollient bath additives should be added to bath water;
hydration can be improved by soaking in the bath for
10–20 minutes. Some bath emollients can be applied to wet
skin undiluted and rinsed off. In dry skin conditions soap
The quantities of bath additives recommended for adults
are suitable for an adult-size bath. Proportionately less
should be used for a child-size bath or a washbasin;
recommended bath additive quantities for children reflect
MHRA/CHM advice (updated December 2018): Emollients:
new information about risk of severe and fatal burns with
paraffin-containing and paraffin-free emollients
Emollients are an important and effective treatment for
chronic dry skin disorders and people should continue to use
these products. However, healthcare professionals must
ensure that patients and their carers understand the fire risk
associated with the build-up of residue on clothing and
bedding and can take action to minimise the risk. There is a
fire risk with all paraffin-containing emollients, regardless of
paraffin concentration, and it cannot be excluded with
paraffin-free emollients. A similar risk may apply to products
that are applied to the skin over large body areas, or in large
volumes for repeated use for more than a few days.
Healthcare professionals should advise patients not to
smoke or go near naked flames because clothing, bedding,
dressings, and other fabrics that have been in contact with
an emollient or emollient-treated skin can rapidly ignite.
Washing these materials at high temperature may reduce
emollient build-up but not totally remove it.
Barrier preparations often contain water-repellent
substances such as dimeticone p. 1236 or other silicones.
They are used on the skin around stomas, bedsores, and
pressure areas in the elderly where the skin is intact. Where
the skin has broken down, barrier preparations have a
limited role in protecting adjacent skin. Barrier preparations
are not a substitute for adequate nursing care.
The first line of treatment is to ensure that nappies are
changed frequently and that tightly fitting water-proof pants
are avoided. The rash may clear when left exposed to the air
and a barrier preparation, applied with each nappy change,
can be helpful. A mild corticosteroid such as hydrocortisone
0.5% or 1% p. 1247 can be used if inflammation is causing
discomfort, but it should be avoided in neonates. The barrier
preparation should be applied after the corticosteroid
preparation to prevent further damage. Preparations
containing hydrocortisone should be applied for no more
than a week; the hydrocortisone should be discontinued as
soon as the inflammation subsides. The occlusive effect of
nappies and waterproof pants may increase absorption of
corticosteroids. If the rash is associated with candidal
infection, a topical antifungal such as clotrimazole cream
p. 1232 can be used. Topical antibacterial preparations can
be used if bacterial infection is present; treatment with an
oral antibacterial may occasionally be required in severe or
recurrent infection. Hydrocortisone may be used in
combination with antimicrobial preparations if there is
considerable inflammation, erosion, and infection.
DERMATOLOGICAL DRUGS › BARRIER
For use as a barrier preparation
▶ Child: (consult product literature)
▶ Adult: (consult product literature)
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Woolfat and related substances (including
BNF 78 Dry and scaling skin disorders 1221
▶ Barrier creams and ointments (Non-proprietary)
Cetostearyl alcohol 20 mg per 1 gram, Zinc oxide 75 mg per
1 gram, Beeswax white 100 mg per 1 gram, Arachis oil 305 mg
per 1 gram, Castor oil 500 mg per 1 gram Zinc and Castor oil
ointment | 500 gram G £5.14–£5.19 DT = £5.19
Zinc and Castor oil cream | 100 gram G £1.46
▶ Metanium (Thornton & Ross Ltd)
Titanium salicylate 30 mg per 1 gram, Titanium peroxide 50 mg
per 1 gram, Titanium dioxide 200 mg per 1 gram Metanium Nappy
Rash ointment | 30 gram G £2.24 DT = £2.24
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
stearyl alcohol), hydroxybenzoates (parabens), woolfat and related
substances (including lanolin)
Dimeticone 10.4 mg per 1 gram, Zinc oxide 125 mg per
1 gram Sprilon aerosol spray | 115 gram G £8.90 DT = £8.90
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Beeswax, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated
hydroxytoluene, cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and stearyl alcohol),
chlorocresol, fragrances, hydroxybenzoates (parabens), propylene glycol,
woolfat and related substances (including lanolin)
Benzalkonium chloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Dimeticone 220 mg per
1 gram Conotrane cream | 100 gram G £0.88 DT = £0.88 |
▶ Drapolene (Supra Enterprises Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 100 microgram per 1 gram, Cetrimide
2 mg per 1 gram Drapolene cream | 100 gram G £1.76 | 200 gram G £2.86 | 350 gram G £4.28
Cetrimide 3 mg per 1 gram, Dimeticone 1000 100 mg per
1 gram Siopel cream | 50 gram G £4.65
Benzyl cinnamate 1.5 mg per 1 gram, Benzyl alcohol 3.9 mg per
1 gram, Benzyl benzoate 10.1 mg per 1 gram, Wool fat hydrous
40 mg per 1 gram, Zinc oxide 152.5 mg per 1 gram Sudocrem
antiseptic healing cream | 30 gram G £1.45 | 60 gram G £1.45 | 125 gram G £2.15 | 250 gram G £3.67 |
DERMATOLOGICAL DRUGS › EMOLLIENTS
Emollient bath and shower products,
antimicrobial-containing 31-Aug-2016
Dry and pruritic skin conditions including eczema and
▶ Child: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
▶ Adult: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
Dry and pruritic skin conditions including eczema and
▶ Child 1–23 months: 5–15 mL/bath, not to be used
▶ Child 2–17 years: 15–30 mL/bath, not to be used
▶ Adult: Up to 30 mL/bath, not to be used undiluted
Dry and pruritic skin conditions including eczema and
▶ Child: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
▶ Adult: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
Dry skin conditions including eczema and ichthyosis
▶ Child 1–23 months: 5–10 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
rubbed into dry skin until absorbed
▶ Child 2–17 years: 7–30 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
rubbed into dry skin until absorbed
▶ Adult: 7–30 mL/bath, alternatively, to be rubbed into
Topical treatment of eczema, including eczema at risk
▶ Child 6–11 months: 1 mL/bath, not to be used undiluted
▶ Child 1–17 years: 1–2 capfuls/bath, not to be used
▶ Adult: 1–2 capfuls/bath, not to be used undiluted
These preparations make skin and surfaces slippery—
particular care is needed when bathing.
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollient bath
additives should be added to bath water; hydration can be
improved by soaking in the bath for 10–20 minutes. Some
bath emollients can be applied to wet skin undiluted and
rinsed off. Emollient preparations contained in tubs
should be removed with a clean spoon or spatula to reduce
bacterial contamination of the emollient. Emollients
should be applied in the direction of hair growth to reduce
l PRESCRIBING AND DISPENSING INFORMATION
Preparations containing an antibacterial should be
avoided unless infection is present or is a frequent
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Acetylated lanolin alcohols, isopropyl
▶ Dermol 600 (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 5 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate
250 mg per 1 gram, Liquid paraffin 250 mg per 1 gram Dermol
600 bath emollient | 600 ml p £7.55
▶ Emulsiderm (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 5 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate
250 mg per 1 gram, Liquid paraffin 250 mg per
1 gram Emulsiderm emollient | 300 ml p £3.85 | 1000 ml p
▶ Oilatum Plus (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare)
Triclosan 20 mg per 1 gram, Benzalkonium chloride 60 mg per
1 gram, Liquid paraffin light 525 mg per 1 gram Oilatum Plus bath
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
▶ Dermol 200 (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Chlorhexidine
hydrochloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate 25 mg per
1 gram, Liquid paraffin 25 mg per 1 gram Dermol 200 shower
▶ Dermol Wash (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Chlorhexidine
hydrochloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate 25 mg per
1 gram, Liquid paraffin 25 mg per 1 gram Dermol Wash cutaneous
1222 Dry and scaling skin disorders BNF 78
Emollient bath and shower products,
paraffin-containing 15-Aug-2016
▶ Child: To be applied to wet or dry skin and rinse
▶ Adult: To be applied to wet or dry skin and rinse
Dry skin conditions, including eczema
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 0.5–1 capful/bath, alternatively,
to be applied to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 1–2 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 1–2 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be applied to
Dermatitis | Dry skin conditions, including ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 5–10 mL/bath, alternatively, to
be applied to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 15–20 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 15–20 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to
▶ Elderly: 15–20 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to
DOUBLEBASE ® EMOLLIENT BATH ADDITIVE
Dry skin conditions including dermatitis and ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 5–10 mL/bath
▶ Child 12–17 years: 15–20 mL/bath
DOUBLEBASE ® EMOLLIENT SHOWER GEL
Dry, chapped, or itchy skin conditions
▶ Child: To be applied to wet or dry skin and rinse, or
apply to dry skin after showering
▶ Adult: To be applied to wet or dry skin and rinse, or
apply to dry skin after showering
Endogenous and exogenous eczema, xeroderma, and
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 5–10 mL/bath, alternatively, to
be applied to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 15 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 15 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to wet
Pruritus of the elderly associated with dry skin
▶ Elderly: 15 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to wet
Endogenous and exogenous eczema, xeroderma, and
▶ Child: To be used as a soap substitute
▶ Adult: To be used as a soap substitute
Pruritus of the elderly associated with dry skin
▶ Elderly: To be used as a soap substitute
HYDROMOL ® BATH AND SHOWER EMOLLIENT
Dry skin conditions | Eczema | Ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 0.5–2 capfuls/bath, alternatively
▶ Child 12–17 years: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively apply
▶ Adult: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively apply to wet skin
▶ Elderly: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively apply to wet
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 0.5–2 capfuls/bath,
alternatively, to be applied to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be applied to
OILATUM ® EMOLLIENT BATH ADDITIVE
Dry skin conditions including dermatitis and ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: Apply 0.5–2 capfuls/bath,
alternatively, to be applied to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be applied to
▶ Elderly: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, to be applied
OILATUM ® JUNIOR BATH ADDITIVE
Dry skin conditions including dermatitis and ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 0.5–2 capfuls/bath,
alternatively, apply to wet skin and rinse
▶ Child 12–17 years: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, apply
▶ Adult: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, apply to wet skin
▶ Elderly: 1–3 capfuls/bath, alternatively, apply to wet
Dry skin conditions including eczema, psoriasis,
▶ Child 1–11 months: 5 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Child 1–17 years: 10 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied
▶ Adult: 10 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to wet
Dry skin conditions including eczema, psoriasis,
▶ Child: To be used as a soap substitute
▶ Adult: To be used as a soap substitute continued→
BNF 78 Dry and scaling skin disorders 1223
Dry skin conditions | Dermatitis | Ichthyosis
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 5–10 mL/bath
▶ Child 12–17 years: 15–20 mL/bath
These preparations make the skin and surfaces
slippery—particular care is needed when bathing.
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollient bath
additives should be added to bath water; hydration can be
improved by soaking in the bath for 10–20 minutes. Some
bath emollients can be applied to wet skin undiluted and
rinsed off. Emollient preparations contained in tubs
should be removed with a clean spoon or spatula to reduce
bacterial contamination of the emollient. Emollients
should be applied in the direction of hair growth to reduce
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Acetylated lanolin alcohols, cetostearyl
alcohol (including cetyl and stearyl alcohol), fragrances, isopropyl
▶ Cetraben (Genus Pharmaceuticals Ltd)
Liquid paraffin light 828 mg per 1 gram Cetraben emollient 82.8%
bath additive | 500 ml G £5.75 DT = £5.75
▶ Dermalo (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Acetylated wool alcohols 50 mg per 1 gram, Liquid paraffin
650 mg per 1 gram Dermalo bath emollient | 500 ml G £3.44
▶ Doublebase (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Liquid paraffin 650 mg per 1 gram Doublebase emollient bath
additive | 500 ml G £5.45 DT = £5.45
▶ E45 emollient bath (Forum Health Products Ltd)
E45 emollient bath oil | 250 ml(ACBS) £3.30 | 500 ml(ACBS) £5.29
▶ Hydromol (Alliance Pharmaceuticals Ltd)
Isopropyl myristate 130 mg per 1 ml, Liquid paraffin light 378 mg
per 1 ml Hydromol Bath & Shower emollient | 350 ml £3.91 | 500 ml
Liquid paraffin light 634 mg per 1 ml LPL 63.4 bath additive and
emollient | 500 ml £3.10 DT = £5.27
▶ Oilatum (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare)
Liquid paraffin light 634 mg per 1 ml Oilatum Bath Formula |
150 ml G £2.95 DT = £2.95 | 300 ml G £5.02 DT = £5.02
▶ Oilatum junior (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare)
Liquid paraffin light 634 mg per 1 ml Oilatum Junior bath additive
▶ QV (Crawford Healthcare Ltd)
Liquid paraffin light 850.9 mg per 1 gram QV 85.09% bath oil | 250 ml £2.93 | 500 ml £4.79
▶ Zerolatum (Thornton & Ross Ltd)
Acetylated wool alcohols 50 mg per 1 gram, Liquid paraffin
650 mg per 1 gram Zerolatum Emollient bath additive | 500 ml
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
▶ Doublebase (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Isopropyl myristate 150 mg per 1 gram, Liquid paraffin 150 mg
per 1 gram Doublebase emollient shower gel | 200 gram p £5.21
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
stearyl alcohol), hydroxybenzoates, polysorbates
▶ Aquamax (Intrapharm Laboratories Ltd)
▶ E45 emollient wash (Forum Health Products Ltd)
E45 emollient wash cream | 250 ml(ACBS) £3.30
▶ QV Gentle (Crawford Healthcare Ltd)
QV Gentle wash | 250 ml £3.19 | 500 ml £5.32
Emollient bath and shower products,
Dry skin conditions including those associated with
▶ Child 1–23 months: 5–15 mL/bath, not to be used
▶ Child 2–17 years: 20–60 mL/bath, not to be used
▶ Adult: 20–60 mL/bath, not to be used undiluted
Dry skin conditions including those associated with
dermatitis and eczema where pruritus also experienced
▶ Child 1–23 months: 5 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Child 2–17 years: 10–20 mL/bath, alternatively, to be
▶ Adult: 20 mL/bath, alternatively, to be applied to wet
Dry skin conditions, including eczema
▶ Child 1 month–11 years: 5 mL/bath
▶ Child 12–17 years: 20 mL/bath
These preparations make skin and surfaces slippery—
particular care is needed when bathing.
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollient bath
additives should be added to bath water; hydration can be
improved by soaking in the bath for 10–20 minutes. Some
bath emollients can be applied to wet skin undiluted and
rinsed off. Emollient preparations contained in tubs
should be removed with a clean spoon or spatula to reduce
bacterial contamination of the emollient. Emollients
should be applied in the direction of hair growth to reduce
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Butylated hydroxytoluene, fragrances,
Lauromacrogols 150 mg per 1 gram, Soya oil 829.5 mg per
1 gram Balneum Plus bath oil | 500 ml G £6.66 DT = £6.66
1224 Dry and scaling skin disorders BNF 78
▶ Zeroneum (Thornton & Ross Ltd)
Soya oil 833.5 mg per 1 gram Zeroneum 83.35% bath additive | 500 ml £4.48
Emollient bath and shower products,
Psoriasis, eczema, atopic and pruritic dermatoses
▶ Adult: 2–4 capfuls/bath, add 15–30 mL to an adult-size
▶ Adult: Up to 30 mL/bath, use 30mL in adult-size bath,
These preparations make skin and surfaces slippery—
particular care is needed when bathing.
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollient bath
additives should be added to bath water; hydration can be
improved by soaking in the bath for 10–20 minutes. Some
bath emollients can be applied to wet skin undiluted and
rinsed off. Emollient preparations contained in tubs
should be removed with a clean spoon or spatula to reduce
bacterial contamination of the emollient. Emollients
should be applied in the direction of hair growth to reduce
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Isopropyl palmitate, polysorbates
▶ Psoriderm (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Coal tar distilled 400 mg per 1 ml Psoriderm Emulsion 40% bath
additive | 200 ml p £2.74 DT = £2.74
Emollient creams and ointments,
antimicrobial-containing 17-Aug-2016
Dry and pruritic skin conditions including eczema and
▶ Child: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
▶ Adult: To be applied to the skin or used as a soap
These preparations make skin and surfaces slippery—
particular care is needed when bathing.
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollients should be
applied immediately after washing or bathing to maximise
the effect of skin hydration. Emollient preparations
contained in tubs should be removed with a clean spoon or
spatula to reduce bacterial contamination of the emollient.
Emollients should be applied in the direction of hair
growth to reduce the risk of folliculitis.
l PRESCRIBING AND DISPENSING INFORMATION
Preparations containing an antibacterial should be
avoided unless infection is present or is a frequent
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
▶ Dermol (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Chlorhexidine
hydrochloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate 100 mg per
1 gram, Liquid paraffin 100 mg per 1 gram Dermol cream | 100 gram p £2.86 | 500 gram p £6.63
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Cetostearyl alcohol (including cetyl and
▶ Dermol 500 (Dermal Laboratories Ltd)
Benzalkonium chloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Chlorhexidine
hydrochloride 1 mg per 1 gram, Isopropyl myristate 25 mg per
1 gram, Liquid paraffin 25 mg per 1 gram Dermol 500 lotion | 500 ml p £6.04
Emollient creams and ointments,
colloidal oatmeal-containing 15-Jan-2019
Endogenous and exogenous eczema | Xeroderma |
▶ Child: (consult product literature)
▶ Adult: (consult product literature)
Senile pruritus (pruritus of the elderly) associated with
▶ Elderly: (consult product literature)
MHRA/CHM ADVICE (UPDATED DECEMBER 2018): EMOLLIENTS:
NEW INFORMATION ABOUT RISK OF SEVERE AND FATAL BURNS
WITH PARAFFIN-CONTAINING AND PARAFFIN-FREE EMOLLIENTS
See Emollient and barrier preparations p. 1221.
l DIRECTIONS FOR ADMINISTRATION Emollients should be
applied immediately after washing or bathing to maximise
the effect of skin hydration. Emollient preparations
contained in tubs should be removed with a clean spoon or
spatula to reduce bacterial contamination of the emollient.
Emollients should be applied in the direction of hair
growth to reduce the risk of folliculitis.
l MEDICINAL FORMS There can be variation in the licensing of
different medicines containing the same drug.
CAUTIONARY AND ADVISORY LABELS 15
EXCIPIENTS: May contain Benzyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol (including
cetyl and stearyl alcohol), isopropyl palmitate
▶ Aveeno (Johnson & Johnson Ltd)
Aveeno lotion | 500 ml(ACBS) £6.66
Aveeno cream | 100 ml(ACBS) £3.97 | 300 ml(ACBS) £6.80 | 500 ml
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