. Anterior T.: contains papillae without lymphoid follicles.
. Posterior Ts: contains lymphoid follicles without papillae.
Cranial root of accessory nerve via
They have no bony attachments. They change the shape of the tongue:
- Superior & inferior longitudinal.
- Transverse & vertical muscles.
r Motor: all muscles supplied by
Except palatoglossus supplied by spinal
- V cranial nerve ) general sensation. r.E,.ril
- Vl cranial n. ) taste sensation. &s{,.$..uhr
- lX cranial n. ) general sensation & taste.
o Linqual arterv (from external carotid).
Lym phatic dra inaqe: (see lymphatic system)
r Anterolateralvieur MylohyCIid
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It is the largest salivary gland, which secretes serous fluids
Site: below the auricle, between the angle of mandible & sternomastoid muscle.
- lt is divided into superficial & deep parts by the facial nerve.
1. Superficial temporal vessels.
3. Cartilaginous part of external auditory meatus.
4. Temporal branch of facial nerve.
a) Cervical branch of facial nerve.
b) Retro-mandibular vein (or its divisions).
c) It overlaps the posterior belly of digastric.
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c. Anterior border: (from above downwards)
a) Temporal branch of facial nerve.
b) Zygomatic branch of facial nerve.
c) Transverse facial artery (branch of superficial temporal)
d) Buccal branch of facial nerve.
g) Mandibular branch of facial nerve.
d. Lateral surface : (superticial relations)
(Related to a bone in between two muscles)
- Masseter muscle (on the lateral surface of the ramus).
- Medial pterygoid m. (on medial surface of mandibular ramus).
(Related to a boie in between two muscles)
- Sternomastoid muscle (on the lateral surface of mastoid process).
- Posterior belly of digastric (on the medial surface of the mastoid
- lt is also related to the styloid process and the muscles and ligaments
- The styloid process intervenes between the parotid gland both the
internal carotid artery and internaljugular vein in carotid sheath
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2) Accessory Paft: :..^r -L^..a rha narA,
semi-detached part of the gland, which lies just above the parotid duct'
Emerges from the anterior border'
Runs superficial to masseter m' then pierces the buccinator'
;;., in the vestibule of moutl{lpposite the upper 2nd molar tooth'
externat carotid artery (deepest)'
Retro-mandibular vein (superficial to the artery)'
Facial nerve (superficial to the vein)'
capsule: ? -.^^- r^^^ia af fha ne.k called oarotid
1) The gland is enclosed within a sheath of deep fascia of. the, neck called parotio
f a sci a r h e d ee p FY" l'I llii l1';li r*H-:"^1,1;J ::n [;,i'il";1,:;?*s
ffiJ ll,r.ffiL'ffiiJ*ffiffi-.; to,, tn" styto-mandibutar tisament.
Arterial supplv: external carotid artery inside the gland.
. Venous drainuge: retro-mandibular vein.
Superficial & deep parotid LN ) upper deep cervical LN.
7. Sensoryr from the auriculo-temporal nerve (the capsule), while great auricular n.
supplies the skin overlying the gland.
2. Symputhetic: from the sympathetic plexus around the external carotid.
- Secrefomotor fibers arise from inferior salivary nucleus in medulla oblongata
and join the g/ossopharyngeal nerue (9th cranial).
- These fibers leave the 9th nerve through its tympanic branch which enters the
middle ear where it joins the tympanic plexus.
- The lesser petrosal nerve arises from the tympanic plexus as a continuation of
the tympanic branch. lt leaves the middle ear through the lesser petrosal foramen
and enters the foramen ovale to relay in the otic ganglion (i.e. it is preganglionic).
- Postganglionic fibers arise from the otic ganglion and join auriculo-temporal
nerue through which they reach the gland.
Trqleffihfll rromra Chord*Uffiffil
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