Forearm and Hand: Posterior Region 421

Vessels and nerves of right forearm, superficial layer

(posterior aspect).

Vessels and nerves of right forearm, deep layer

(posterior aspect).

1 Tendon of triceps brachii muscle

2 Olecranon

3 Anconeus muscle

4 Extensor digitorum muscle

5 Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

6 Deep branch of radial nerve

7 Posterior interosseous artery

8 Extensor pollicis longus muscle

9 Extensor indicis muscle

10 Tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

11 Extensor retinaculum

12 Dorsal branch of ulnar nerve

13 Biceps brachii muscle

14 Brachialis muscle

15 Brachioradialis muscle

16 Lateral epicondyle of humerus

17 Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle

18 Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle

19 Abductor pollicis longus muscle

20 Tendons of extensor digitorum muscle

21 Extensor pollicis brevis muscle

22 Superficial branch of radial nerve

23 Radial artery

24 Posterior interosseous nerve

25 Posterior interosseous branch of

radial nerve

26 Posterior branch of anterior

interosseous artery

27 Supinator muscle

422

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Forearm and Hand: Anterior Region

Vessels and nerves of right forearm and hand, superficial

layer (palmar aspect).

Vessels and nerves of right forearm and hand, superficial

layer (palmar aspect). The palmar aponeurosis of the hand and

the bicipital aponeurosis have been removed.

Forearm and Hand: Anterior Region 423

Vessels and nerves of forearm and hand, deep layer (palmar

aspect). The superficial layer of the flexor muscles has been

removed.

1 Biceps brachii muscle

2 Brachialis muscle

3 Brachioradialis muscle

4 Deep branch of radial nerve

5 Superficial branch of radial nerve

6 Radial artery

7 Median nerve

8 Flexor retinaculum

9 Thenar muscles

10 Common palmar digital branches of median nerve

11 Common palmar digital arteries

12 Proper palmar digital nerves (median nerve)

13 Ulnar nerve

14 Medial intermuscular septum of arm

15 Superior ulnar collateral artery

16 Brachial artery

17 Medial epicondyle of humerus

18 Pronator teres muscle

19 Bicipital aponeurosis

20 Ulnar artery

21 Palmaris longus muscle

22 Flexor carpi radialis muscle

23 Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

24 Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

25 Tendon of palmaris longus muscle

26 Remnant of antebrachial fascia

27 Superficial branch of ulnar nerve

28 Palmaris brevis muscle

29 Palmar aponeurosis

30 Hypothenar muscles

31 Superficial palmar arch

32 Superficial transverse metacarpal ligament

33 Common palmar digital branch of ulnar nerve

34 Proper palmar digital branches of ulnar nerve

35 Anterior interosseous artery and nerve

36 Flexor digitorum profundus muscle

37 Common palmar digital arteries

38 Palmar branch of median nerve

39 Flexor pollicis longus muscle

40 Palmar branch of ulnar nerve

Innervation pattern of palmar surfaces of hand.

31/2 digits by median nerve, 11/2 digits by ulnar nerve.

424

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Innervation pattern of posterior surfaces of hand.

21/2 digits by radial nerve, 21/2 digits by ulnar nerve. Note that

the terminal branches to the dorsal surfaces of the distal

phalanges are derived from the palmar digital nerves.

The cutaneous distribution varies; often 31/2 digits are

innervated by the radial and 11/2 digits by the ulnar nerve.

Hand: Posterior Region

Posterior region of hand (superficial layer). Cutaneous

nerves and veins are depicted.

Posterior region of hand (deeper layer).

Extensor digitorum muscle has been partly removed.

1 Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm (branch of radial nerve)

2 Extensor digitorum muscle

3 Tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris muscle

4 Extensor retinaculum

5 Ulnar nerve

6 Dorsal venous network of hand

7 Abductor pollicis longus muscle

8 Cephalic vein

9 Extensor pollicis brevis muscle

10 Radial nerve, superficial branch

11 Radial artery

12 Tendon of extensor pollicis longus muscle

13 Dorsal digital branches of radial nerve

14 Tendons of extensor digitorum muscle with intertendinous connections

15 Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the deep radial nerve)

16 Posterior interosseous artery

17 Styloid process of ulna

18 Dorsal interosseus muscle IV

19 Dorsal carpal branch of radial artery

20 Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

(branch of musculocutaneous nerve)

21 Dorsal metacarpal artery

22 Proper dorsal digital branches of ulnar nerve

23 Regions supplied by palmar digital nerves (ulnar nerve)

24 Regions supplied by palmar digital nerves (median nerve)

25 Communicating branch with ulnar nerve

425

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Hand: Posterior Region

Coronal section through the left hand (posterior aspect). Coronal section through the left hand (posterior aspect)

(MRI scan, courtesy of Prof. Heuck, Munich).

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1 Radius

2 Wrist joint

3 Scaphoid (navicular) bone

4 Radial artery

5 Trapezoid bone

6 Trapezium bone

7 First metacarpal bone

8 Metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb

9 Interosseous muscles

10 Proximal phalanx of thumb

11 Proximal phalanx of fingers

12 Interphalangeal joints

13 Middle phalanx

14 Distal phalanx

15 Ulna

16 Distal radio-ulnar joint

17 Articular disc

18 Lunate bone

19 Triquetral bone

20 Capitate bone

21 Hamate bone

22 Carpometacarpal joints

23 Abductor digiti minimi muscle

24 Fifth metacarpal bone

25 Metacarpophalangeal joint

26 Adductor pollicis muscle

27 Proper palmar digital arteries

28 Second and third metacarpal bones

29 Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis

and profundus muscles

30 Median nerve

31 Ulnar artery and vein

Axial section through the left hand (MRI scan;

from Heuck et al., MRT-Atlas, 2009).

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