Pelvic Cavity in the Male: Vessels and Nerves of the Pelvic Organs

Vessels and nerves of the pelvic cavity in the male (medial aspect, midsagittal section). Rectum reflected

to display the inferior hypogastric plexus.

1 External iliac artery

2 Right hypogastric nerve

3 Ureter

4 Internal iliac artery

5 Inferior gluteal artery and internal

pudendal artery

6 Obturator artery

7 Urinary bladder

8 Ductus deferens

9 Symphysis pubica

10 Prostatic part of urethra

11 Prostatic venous plexus

12 Sphincter urethrae muscle

13 Spongy part of urethra

14 Corpus spongiosum penis

15 Corpus cavernosum penis

16 Glans penis

17 Sacrum

18 Lateral sacral artery

19 Sacral plexus

20 Pelvic splanchnic nerves (nervi erigentes)

21 Levator ani muscle

22 Inferior hypogastric plexus

(pelvic plexus)

23 Prostate

24 Rectum (reflected)

25 Anal canal and external anal sphincter

26 Pampiniform plexus continuous with

testicular vein

27 Testis and epididymis

350 Urogenital and Pelvic Diaphragms in the Male

1 Glans penis

2 Corpus spongiosum of penis

3 Corpus cavernosum of penis

4 Gracilis muscle

5 Adductor muscles

6 Ischiocavernosus muscle

overlying crus of penis

7 Perineal body

8 Gluteus maximus muscle

9 Coccyx

10 Bulbospongiosus muscle

11 Deep transverse perineus

muscle covered by inferior

fascia of urogenital diaphragm

12 Superficial transverse

perineus muscle

13 Anus

14 External anal sphincter

muscle

15 Levator ani muscle

16 Anococcygeal ligament

17 Obturator internus muscle

18 Urethra

19 Deep transverse perineus

muscle

Muscles of urogenital and pelvic diaphragms in the male (from below).

Muscles of urogenital and pelvic diaphragms

in the male (from below). The penis has been

divided (schematic drawing).

351

24

25

26

27

28

29

13

30

17

21

20

a

b

c

32

14

2

3

31

Urogenital and Pelvic Diaphragms in the Male

1 Right testis (reflected laterally

and upward)

2 Bulbospongiosus muscle

3 Ischiocavernosus muscle

4 Adductor magnus muscle

5 Posterior scrotal nerves and

superficial perineal arteries

6 Posterior scrotal artery and vein

7 Right artery of bulb of penis

8 Perineal body

9 Perineal branches of pudendal

nerve

10 Pudendal nerve and internal

pudendal artery

11 Inferior rectal arteries and

nerves

12 Inferior cluneal nerve

13 Coccyx (location)

14 Penis

15 Left testis (reflected laterally)

16 Left posterior scrotal artery

17 Deep transverse perineal muscle

18 Left artery of bulb of penis

19 Posterior femoral cutaneous

nerve

20 External anal sphincter muscle

21 Anus

22 Gluteus maximus muscle

23 Anococcygeal nerves

24 Acetabulum (femur removed)

25 Ligament of femoral head

26 Body of ischium (cut)

27 Sciatic nerve

28 Coccygeus muscle

29 Levator ani muscle

a iliococcygeus muscle

b pubococcygeus muscle

c puborectalis muscle

30 Prostatic venous plexus

31 Body of pubis

32 Testis

Urogenital diaphragm and external genital organs in the male with vessels and nerves

(from below). The testes have been reflected laterally.

Pelvic diaphragm and external

genital organs in the male. The

right half of the pelvis including

the obturator internus muscle and

femur have been removed to

display the right half of the levator

ani muscle.

352 Urogenital and Pelvic Diaphragms in the Male

1 Right testis (reflected)

2 Posterior scrotal nerves

3 Left crus penis with

ischiocavernosus muscle

4 Anus

5 Inferior cluneal nerves

6 Penis

7 Left testis (reflected)

8 Dorsal artery and nerve of

penis

9 Urethra

10 Deep transverse perineus

muscle

11 Perineal branch of pudendal

nerve

12 Artery of bulb of penis

(reflected)

13 Branch of posterior femoral

cutaneous nerve

14 Internal pudendal artery and

pudendal nerve

15 Inferior rectal arteries and

nerves

16 Gluteus maximus muscle

17 Dorsal nerve of penis

18 Posterior femoral cutaneous

nerve

19 Perineal branches of pudendal

nerve

20 Inferior rectal nerves

21 Bulbospongiosus muscle

(inside: dorsal artery of penis)

22 Perineal artery

23 External anal sphincter muscle

24 Inferior rectal artery and veins

Urogenital diaphragm and external genital organs in the male (from below). The left crus

penis has been isolated and reflected laterally together with the bulb of the penis. The urethra

has been cut.

Urogenital and anal region in the male

(from below). Right side: nerves; left side:

arteries and veins.

353

22

Urogenital and Pelvic Diaphragms in the Male

1 Right testis (reflected)

2 Corpus spongiosum of penis

3 Corpus cavernosum of penis

4 Perineal branch of posterior

femoral cutaneous nerve

5 Posterior scrotal arteries and

nerves

6 Deep artery of penis

7 Deep transverse perineal muscle

8 Right perineal nerves

9 Inferior rectal nerves

10 Inferior cluneal nerve

11 Anococcygeal nerves

12 Left spermatic cord

13 Left testis (cut surface)

14 Dorsal artery and nerve of penis

15 Deep dorsal vein of penis

16 Urethra (cut)

17 Artery of bulb of penis

18 Superficial transverse perineus

muscle

19 Left artery of bulb of penis

20 Perineal branch of pudendal nerve

21 Anus

22 External anal sphincter muscle

23 Gluteus maximus muscle

24 Internal pudendal artery and

pudendal nerve

25 Sacrotuberous ligament

26 Coccyx

27 Urogenital diaphragm (deep

transverse perineus muscle)

28 Tendinous center of perineum

(perineal body)

29 Levator ani muscle

30 Anococcygeal ligament

31 Obturator internus muscle

32 Dorsal artery of penis

Urogenital diaphragm and external genital organs in the male (from below). The root of

the penis has been cut. Dissection of the urogenital diaphragm.

Urogenital and pelvic diaphragms in the male (from

below). The penis has been removed. The arrows indicate the

course of vessels and nerves (schematic drawing).

354 Female Urogenital System

Positions of female genital organs (medial aspect, schematic

drawing).

Female urogenital system, midsagittal section through the trunk. The urinary bladder

is empty, position and shape of the uterus are normal.

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

27

32

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

33

34

35

23

24

1

22

36

37

38

39

40

8

41

9

10

29

11

13

14

15

19

20